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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chloroplast nucleoids in large number and large DNA amount with regard to maternal inheritance inChlamydomonas reinhardtii (1996)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 194 (1996), S. 11-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Chloroplast nucleoid number ; Chloroplast DNA amount ; Preferential digestion ; Maternal inheritance ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We studied the maternal chloroplast inheritance ofChlamydomonas reinhardtii by epifluorescence microscopy after staining with DNA specific fluorochrome DAPI and by genetic methods, using wild type cells and cells containing previously isolated mutation of cond-1 and cond-2. Wild type cells contained about 7 chloroplast (cp) nucleoids, while mutants, cond-1(+) and cond-2(+), contained about 14 and 23 cp nucleoids, respectively, after one week culture on agar plates. The total cpDNA contents were almost proportional to the numbers of cp nucleoids. When cells containing cond-1 or cond-2 mutation were used as a parental source to cross with wild type cells of the other parent, preferential digestion of cp nucleoids from male parent (mt−) origin occurred in the zygotes, although the frequencies of the digestion were slightly lower than that in the zygotes from the cross between wild type cells. Western blot analysis of the protein ofzyslB gene, which has been found related to preferential digestion of mt− origin cp-nucleoids DNA, showed that a high amount of this protein was detected with the initiation of preferential digestion of mt− cp nucleoids and disappeared with the completion of the digestion. Cp genetic markers for antibiotic resistance were maternally inherited in all crosses. These results showed that although the preferential digestion of cp nucleoids consisting of large number and large cpDNA amount requires a slightly longer period to complete, this high ploidy of the cp nucleoids does not disturb maternal inheritance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01273163
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorescence microscopy of plastid nucleoids and a survey of nuclease C in higher plants with respect to mode of plastid inheritance (1992)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 169 (1992), S. 68-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Biparental plastid inheritance ; Generative cell ; Maternal plastid inheritance ; Nuclease C ; Pt nucleoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Plastid nucleoids (pt nucleoids) were observed during pollen formation, or in generative cells of mature pollen grains using fluorescence microscopy after staining with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Nuclease C activity was surveyed using SDS-PAGE and agarose gel nuclease assay methods. InMirabilis jalapa, pt nucleoids were observed both in pollen mother cells and the monocellular pollen grains after meiosis, followed by the complete disappearance both in the generative and vegetative cells at the bicellular pollen grain stage. This observation is a direct evidence of maternal plastid inheritance. By contrast, in the generative cells of mature pollen grains fromRhododendron kaempferi, Zygocactus truncatus, Oenothera laciniata, andO. speciosa, pt nucleoids were clearly observed. Thus cytological evidence convinces the mode of biparental plastid inheritance. Nuclease C activity was clearly detected both in the stamen and pistil ofM. jalapa. InR. kaempferi low nuclease C activity was detected in both organs, but the activity in the stamen was much less than in the pistil. InZ. truncatus, O. laciniata, andO. speciosa, the activities were difficult to detect in both organs. These results suggest a significant role of nuclease C for the digestion of pt nucleoids in the generative cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01343371
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutations disturbing the condensation of plastid nucleoids inChlamydomonas reinhardtii (1994)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 178 (1994), S. 111-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Aging ; Chlamydomonas ; Plastid nucleoid condensation ; Mutant ; Plastid nucleoids ; O2 evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary To study the mechanism of condensation of dispersed plastid (pt) nucleoids into a single pt nucleoid with aging of the cells ofChlamydomonas reinhardtii, two mutants, designated cond-1 and cond-2, were isolated. A plastid of a wild type cell, 6.5 μm in diameter, contained ten dispersed spherical pt nucleoids within one week of culture on an agar plate. At about one week of culture, the cell number was saturated and pt nucleoids began to associate with each other, condensing into a single pt nucleoid at three weeks of culture. In contrast, cond-1 and cond-2 cells, which had about 20 and 45 pt nucleoids and whose cell diameters were 7.8 and 9.5 μm at one week of culture respectively, still had about 10 and 20 pt nucleoids at even 7 weeks of culture. Doubling times of the three cell types were similar. From genetic analysis, each of the two mutants had one gene mutation. The two mutations are probably linked. The measurement of O2 evolution showed that the two mutations did not affect the photosynthetic system. Lipid contents of the two mutant cells were clearly higher than that of wild type cells. The role of a higher number of pt nucleoids is probably to increase the activity of lipid and/or membrane synthesis for lipid storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01545961
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