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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of aromatic monomers in lignocellulosic biomass prehydrolysates (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 20 (1998), S. 364-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: lignocellulosic biomass; prehydrolysate; Pichia stipitis; aromatic; inhibitors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Differences in the relative toxicity of xylose-rich prehydrolysates derived from woody and herbaceous feedstocks are likely due to the relative abundance of a variety of inhibitory compounds. Acetate, as well as several aromatic monomers, has been shown to be an inhibitor of the xylose-fermenting yeast, Pichia stipitis. Comparative information on the concentration of known and likely inhibitors, other than acetate, is lacking. The present study provides data on the aromatic monomer composition of representative herbaceous and woody prehydrolysates. Dilute-acid prehydrolysates were prepared from three feedstocks; two herbaceous, corn stover and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), and one woody (poplar). The prehydrolysates were neutralized with Ca(OH)2 extracted with ethyl acetate, trimethylsilylated, and analyzed by GC-MS. Fourteen aromatic monomers were tentatively identified by comparison with published mass spectra. The concentrations of the aromatic monomers totalled 112, 141 and 247 mg L−1 for corn stover, switchgrass and poplar prehydrolysates, respectively. This is also the order of increasing inhibition of growth and ethanol productivity observed for Pichia fermentations. The woody prehydrolysate contained approximately four-fold more syringyl-based monomers than did the herbaceous prehydrolysates, while guaiacyl-containing compounds were more evenly distributed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900543
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orientation in birds: a foreword (1990)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 46 (1990), S. 335-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01952165
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The solubility of aroclor 1254 in seawater (1978)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 19 (1978), S. 403-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01685817
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of Zinc Phosphide Residues in Corn (Zea mays) Grain, Fodder, and Forage (1998)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 60 (1998), S. 877-884 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001289900709
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alphoid variant-specific FISH probes can distinguish autosomal meiosis I from meiosis II non-disjunction in human sperm (1997)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 101 (1997), S. 61-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Over the past few years, several groups have used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to study aneuploidy in human sperm. Several important observations have derived from these studies, including the demonstration of chromosome-specific variation in non-disjunction frequencies, and the possible association of aneuploidy with environmental agents and with increasing paternal age. However, an important technical limitation of these studies has been the inability to distinguish between autosomal non-disjunction occurring at meiosis I and meiosis II. In the present report, we describe a simple FISH-based approach designed to overcome this limitation. Using oligonucleotide probes capable of distinguishing subtle differences in the alpha satellite sequences of chromosome 17, we demonstrate that (in appropriate heterozygotes) it is possible to simultaneously identify disomic sperm and to determine the meiotic stage of origin of the additional chromosome. This novel approach has important implications for future FISH sperm studies, since the ability to distinguish between meiosis I and meiosis II non-disjunction will make it possible to determine whether putative etiological agents affect chromosome segregation at both, or only one, of the two meiotic stages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050587
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defining the anatomy of the Rangifer tarandus sex chromosomes (1998)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 107 (1998), S. 61-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A comprehensive cytogenetic characterization of the unusually large reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) sex chromosomes is presented for the purpose of studying the evolution of these atypical gonosomes. Sex chromosome idiograms were constructed from G-banded and C-banded chromosomes to illustrate the relative amounts and locations of euchromatin and heterochromatin. Hybridization with a Mazama gouazoubira X whole-chromosome paint revealed that essentially all reindeer X-linked euchromatin and most reindeer Y-linked euchromatin is conserved interspecifically. Subsequently, painting probes were generated from flow-sorted reindeer X chromosomes, flow-sorted reindeer Y chromosomes, and from microdissections of specific gonosomal regions to establish specific segment-to-segment homologies between these gonosomes. In particular, one microdissection-generated paint demonstrated that certain constituent repetitive DNAs, found in C-band region Xq31, were also present in essentially all heterochromatin blocks of the Y chromosome. Microdissection-generated paints from other X-linked heterochromatin blocks revealed the presence of DNA sequences that lacked homologous sequences on the Y chromosomes and were more specific for their region of origin. These characteristics of the reindeer sex chromosomes are consistent with the notion that mammalian sex chromosomes were derived from homologous progenitor chromosome pairs and provide insights into the evolution of these atypical mammalian gonosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004120050281
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial Indicator Occurrence and the Use of an F+ Specific RNA Coliphage Assay to Identify Fecal Sources in Homosassa Springs, Florida (2000)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 39 (2000), S. 56-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A microbiological water quality study of Homosassa Springs State Wildlife Park (HSSWP) and surrounding areas was undertaken. Samples were collected in November of 1997 (seven sites) and again in November of 1998 (nine sites). Fecal bacterial concentrations (total and fecal coliforms, Clostridium perfringens, and enterococci) were measured as relative indicators of fecal contamination. F+-specific coliphage genotyping was performed to determine the source of fecal contamination at the study sites. Bacterial levels were considerably higher at most sites in the 1997 sampling compared to the 1998 sampling, probably because of the greater rainfall that year. In November of 1997, 2 of the 7 sites were in violation of all indicator standards and guidance levels. In November of 1998, 1 of 9 sites was in violation of all indicator standard and guidance levels. The highest concentrations of all fecal indicators were found at a station downstream of the animal holding pens in HSSWP. The lowest levels of indicators were found at the Homosassa Main Spring vent. Levels of fecal indicators downstream of HSSWP (near the point of confluence with the river) were equivalent to those found in the Southeastern Fork and areas upstream of the park influences. F+ specific RNA coliphage analysis indicated that fecal contamination at all sites that tested positive was from animal sources (mammals and birds). These results suggest that animal (indigenous and those in HSSWP) and not human sources influenced microbial water quality in the area of Homosassa River covered by this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002489900193
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Trennung und Bestimmung von Menthol-Isomeren (1941)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 122 (1941), S. 78-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01358315
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of methods for the quantification of fungal spores at the leaf surfaces ofPopulus xeuramericana (1985)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 85 (1985), S. 447-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Leaf impressions ; Leaf prints ; Leaf washings ; Melampsora medusae ; Pestalozzia sp. ; Phylloplane ; Populus xeuramericana
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The removal of fungal spores, urediniospores ofMelampsora medusae and conidia ofPestalozzia sp., from the leaf surfaces ofPopulus xeuramericana (Dode) Guinier cv. I-488 was assessed using three cultural techniques conventionally employed in phylloplane studies. The method of removal and the original density of spore deposition, but not the interaction of these factors, were significant determinants of variability in spore removal. Irrespective of the original density of deposition, the leaf print method was the most, and the leaf washing technique the least, efficient means of spore removal from the leaf surface. Factors which could contribute to this difference in efficiency are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02220201
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron scattering theory for highly charged ions (1991)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 21 (1991), S. S23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Lowest-order QED theory using distorted wave states provides a convenient description for many electron scattering processes involving highly charged atomic ions. We apply QED theory to calculate ionization, excitation, and dielectronic recombination cross sections for electron scattering from highly charged uranium ions. For ionization and dielectronic recombination we compare theory with recent heavy ion accelerator measurements. We also apply lowest-order electroweak gauge theory using distorted wave states to examine the Z-scaling of parity-violating neutral current contributions to the KLL Auger decay of atomic ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01426245
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