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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 7 (1982), S. 159-163 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Experimentally observed deviations from the classical rate laws of radical polymerization in solution can be treated as solvent interactions concerning the growth step. The theory of hot radicals and the theory of donor-acceptor complexes are based on these considerations. It had been shown that the experimental data rather fit the former theory. However by a modification of the latter theory with respect to termination reactions of the different radicals a remarkable equivalence between these different views is exposed.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Geometriae dedicata 17 (1985), S. 219-226 
    ISSN: 1572-9168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 67 (1987), S. 9-14 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract X-ray induced photoelectron spectroscopy, bremsstrahlung-isochromat spectroscopy, and electron energy-loss spectroscopy were used to investigate the electronic structure of the high-temperature superconductor La2−x Sr x CuO4. In general, good agreement was obtained with band structure calculations of the tetragonal phase of La2CuO4. Near the Fermi energyE F the systems shows forx=0 a smeared out gap or a region of very low density of states ∼2eV wide. Upon replacement of La by Sr, the gap is filled with defect states, the intensity of which is proportional tox. The experimental data are not consistent with the closing of a Peierls gap alone.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 97 (1995), S. 83-93 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: 79.60 ; 71.20 ; 71.28
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated hole doped (by lithium) and electron-doped (by nickel metal) NiO with photoemission (PES), inverse photoemission (IPES) and low and high energy electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Both types of doping create empty states approximately in the middle of the charge transfer gap of undoped NiO.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 74.72.Jt Other cuprates - 79.60.-i Photoemission and photoelectron spectra - 71.27.+a Strongly correlated electron systems; heavy fermions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The first electron-removal states of the layered cuprate Ba2Cu3O4Cl2 were measured using angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. The symmetry and energy-momentum relations of the lowest-lying states were determined and interpreted in terms of the motion of a single hole in the two different planar Cu-O subsystems of the Cu3O4 plane. One subsystem is antiferromagnetic as in the undoped parent compounds of the high-temperature superconductors and the other is paramagnetic and corresponds to the strongly overdoped case. The data are compared to theoretical results on hole dynamics in two-dimensional antiferromagnetic or paramagnetic spin backgrounds. The lineshape, symmetry and dispersion of the first electron-removal states of Ba2Cu3O4Cl2 can be described in terms of Zhang-Rice singlets within a single band model. The photohole lifetime in the paramagnetic subsystem of the Cu3O4 plane is much smaller than with an antiferromagnetic spin background.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 78.70.Dm X-ray absorption spectra – 71.28.+d Narrow-band systems; intermediate-valence solids – 79.60.-i Photoemission and photoelectron spectra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: A strong anisotropic distribution of the holes in Ni 3 d and O 2 p orbitals is observed in the polarization dependent O 1 s and Ni 2 p 3/2 X-ray absorption spectroscopy of the linear-chain nickelate Y2-xCaxBaNiO5 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2), which demonstrates the one-dimensional nature of the electronic state in these compounds. The holes introduced by Ca-doping occupy both O 2 p and Ni 3 d orbitals along the NiO5 chains. By comparing the experimental Ni 2 p 3/2 absorption spectra of Y2-xCaxBaNiO5 to those from charge transfer multiplet calculations we can derive the orbital character of the additional holes to be of ∼60% O2 p and ∼40% Ni 3 d.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of geometry 21 (1983), S. 59-65 
    ISSN: 1420-8997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Affine planes which admit a point transitive collineation group and at least one affine elation are considered. Such a plane is shown to be (A,ℓ∞)-transitive for some point A on ℓt8 and to be a translation plane if at least two distinct elation centers exist. If the plane has at least (order)1/2+1 distinct elation centers and the group generated by the elations is nonsolvable then the plane is either Desarguesian or Lüneburg-Tits.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.05.Tp; 81.10.Jt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The abundance of carbon single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs) in soot synthesized by pulsed laser evaporation of graphite is studied over a wide range of synthesis conditions. The derived SWNT growth time-scale appears to be much longer than any characteristic time-scale in a simplified model of the relaxation of a high-pressure hot condensing gas bubble in a background atmosphere. It is concluded that SWNT nucleation and growth take place in relaxed, condensed, thermalized evaporation products at an optimal temperature between 850–1250 °C at a rate of few μm length per second, which is consistent with a condensed state “precipitation” mechanism for the SWNT formation.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 71.20Tx
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: 82 using photoemission and electron energy-loss spectroscopy in transmission. In particular, the impact of the isomer symmetry of the C82 cage (Cs or C3v) on the electronic structure and on the optical properties is analysed in detail. For both isomers, combined XPS and XAS measurements of the Tm 4f and 4d states offer conclusive proof of a divalent encaged Tm ion. No significant change of the valence of the rare earth ion upon changes in the cage symmetry is observed. From the C 1s excitation spectra we find a more pronounced LUMO for the C3v(8) isomer, as is expected for the higher symmetry of the cage. Additional information about the optical properties was obtained from the low-energy loss function. With use of a Kramers–Kronig analysis, the dielectric function, ε, and the optical conductivity, σ, have been derived. ε(0) and the onset of the spectral weight are found to be 7.7 [12.8] and 0.6 eV [0.8 eV] for the Cs(6) {C3v(8)} isomer, respectively.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 61.46+w; 71.20.Tx; 71.20.-b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: \chem{Rb_1C_{60}} and dimerised \chem{C_{59}N} using electron energy-loss spectroscopy in transmission. From the C1s excitation spectra a reduced density of \pi^\star states is observed for polymerized \chem{Rb_1C_{60}} . This is in contrast to \chem{(\chem{C_{59}N})_2} and can be explained by the different type of \squt{doping} and by the different bonding between the fullerene molecules in the two systems. Additional information about the optical properties was obtained from the low energy loss function. Using a Kramers-Kronig analysis, the dielectric function, ( \epsilon ), and the optical conductivity, ( \sigma ), have been derived. \epsilon(0) and the onset of the spectral weight have been compared between the polymer, the dimer and \chem{C_{60}} . This onset of spectral weight is found to be at \valunit*{1.2}{\eV} and \valunit{1.4}{\eV} for o- \chem{Rb_1C_{60}} and for \chem{(\chem{C_{59}N})_2} , respectively.
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