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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photovoltaic properties and stability of I2-doped polyacetylene (1989)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 21 (1989), S. 523-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Polyacetylene was doped with evaporated iodine (I2). The characteristics of A1/cis-[CHIy]x/Au Schottky barrier solar cell was investigated. It is found that the maximum conversion efficiency is 2.67%. The solar cell parameters, such as open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Jsc), fill factor (F.F.), and energy conversion efficiency (η), were measured under the various incident light intensity. The stability of the cell was also estimated by the variation of J-V curves in argon environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00271977
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical Perfect Shuffle Interconnection Using Computer-Generated Blazed Grating Array (1995)
    Springer
    Optical review 2 (1995), S. 362-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1349-9432
    Keywords: optical interconnection ; perfect shuffle ; blazed grating ; microoptics ; computer-generated microoptics array
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper a new type element that can implement perfect shuffle (PS) network of free spatial optical interconnection is presented. It is a microoptics array element consisting of a series of sub-blazed gratings with different spatial frequency. The array has highly efficient light energy and a very simple setup. It can realize 1-D, 2-D PS networks and their inverse transforms. Also, the array can conveniently realize microminiaturization and multilevel interconnection and other forms of interconnections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10043-995-0362-x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organic solvent-soluble membrane filters for the preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of iron(II) traces in water with Ferrozine (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 363 (1999), S. 119-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An organic solvent-soluble membrane filter (MF) is proposed for the simple and rapid reconcentration with subsequent spectrophotometric determination of trace levels of iron (II) in water. Iron (II) is collected on a nitrocellulose membrane filter as ion associate of an anionic complex, which is formed by iron (II) and Ferrozine and a cation-surfactant. The ion-pair compound and the MF can be dissolved in small volumes of 2-ethoxyethanol and the absorbance of the resulting solution is measured at 560 nm against a reagent blank with molar absorptivity of 4.01 × 104 L mol–1 cm–1. Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration range 0–10 μg L–1 of iron (II) in water and the detection limit is 0.03 μg L–1 with a 50-fold enrichment factor. The proposed method can satisfactorily be applied to the determination of iron (II) in natural water and sea water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051152
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Query processing with quality control in the World Wide Web (1998)
    Springer
    World wide web 1 (1998), S. 241-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1413
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Recent research on integrating database and World Wide Web (WWW) technologies has changed the navigation approach to searching information in the Web. People now can issue queries via a simple query interface or a database‐like query language to retrieve information from semistructured WWW data sources. However, the quality of query processing in the WWW is still low due to many factors such as unpredictable response time, irrelevant results, and out‐of‐date data. Such low‐quality query processing is intolerable to either users or service providers. In this paper, we present a quality‐controlled query processing method in the WWW. Quality parameters that users can specify with their queries are introduced. Distance functions that are used to evaluate the goodness of query quality parameters are defined. A query processing model with quality control is introduced. A quality control protocol in query processing is presented. Quality‐controlled query scheduling algorithms including admission scheduling, promotion/demotion scheduling and execution scheduling are proposed. Other relevant issues such as query classification, system parameter estimation, and query queue management are also discussed. Query processing with quality control is a promising way to solve the uncertain and low‐quality query processing problems in the WWW.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019280102006
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of seven novel mutations in LH β-subunit gene by SSCP (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 165 (1996), S. 151-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: luteinizing hormone ; mutation ; polymerase chain reaction ; single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) ; sequencing ; restriction enzyme analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Seven new point mutations have been identified from LH β-subunit gene by PCR-mediated SSCP, and sequencing. One mutation was found changing amino acid from Gln102 to Ser102. The remaining six mutations, which did not change the codings, were in complete linkage disequilibrium. SSCP can be used in the diagnosis of LH-related disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229477
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of processing and valence states of metal oxides on electrical properties of ZnO varistors (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 27 (1992), S. 1397-1403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The electrical characteristics of ZnO varistors with various valence states of manganese and cobalt were studied. The electrical properties of varistors are discussed in terms of defects produced by the additions. Compositions with lower trap densities have the characteristics of higher non-linear coefficient, higher voltage ratio and lower leakage current. The electrical properties are improved by increasing the sintering temperature and time due to a better tunnelling effect. It is also found that the depression angle and relaxation time decrease as a function of increasing sintering time, and the depression angle decreases and relaxation time increases with increasing sintering temperature. This indicates an enhancement in the degree of uniformity in trapping conductance and the trap emission/capture rate when the sintering time increases. The dependence of the depression angle and relaxation time on the composition are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01142061
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative mapping of QTLs for agronomic traits of rice across environments by using a doubled-haploid population (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 145-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key wordsDoubled-haploid population  ; Quantitative trait loci (QTLs)  ;  Molecular map  ; Rice  ;  G×E interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We report here the RFLP mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) which affect some important agronomic traits in cultivated rice. An anther culture-derived doubled-haploid (DH) population was established from a cross between indica and japonica rice varieties. A molecular linkage map comprising 137 markers was constructed based on this population which covered the rice genome at intervals of 14.8 cM on average. The linkage map was used to locate QTLs for such important agronomic traits as heading date, plant height, number of spikelets per panicle, number of grains per panicle, 1 000-grain weight and the percentage of seed set, by interval mapping. Evidence of genotype-by-environment interaction was found by comparing QTL maps of the same population grown in three diverse environments. A total of 22 QTLs for six agronomic traits was detected which were significant in at least one environment, but only seven were significant in all three environments; seven were significant in two environments and eight could only be detected in a single environment. However, QTLs-by-environment interaction was trait dependent. QTLs for spikelets and grains per panicle were common across environments while traits like heading date and plant height were more sensitive to environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050393
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poplar (Populus nigra L.) plants transformed with aBacillus thuringiensis toxin gene: insecticidal activity and genomic analysis (1996)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 5 (1996), S. 289-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: Populus nigra ; B.t. toxin gene ; genome analysis ; RAPD-PCR ; microsatellite DNA ; insect resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Insect-resistant poplar (Populus nigra L.) plants have been produced by infecting leaves withAgrobacterium tumefaciens strains carrying a binary vector containing different truncated forms of aBacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) toxin gene under a duplicated CaMV 35S promoter. Putative transgenic plants were propagated by cuttings at two experimental farms (in Beijing and Xinjiang, China). At 2–3 years after transformation, 17 of them were selected on the bases of insect-tolerance and good silvicultural traits, and evaluated for insect resistance, for the presence of theB.t. toxin DNA fragment (Southern blots and PCR) and for the expression of the transgene (western and northern blots). Somaclonal variation, as suggested by the appearance of permanent changes in the shape of the leaves, was also investigated with molecular tools (RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) and microsatellite DNA). Bioassays withApochemia cineraius andLymantria dispar on the leaves of the selected clones showed different and, in some cases, high levels of insecticidal activity. The molecular analysis demonstrated integration and expression of the foreign gene. Somatic changes were correlated to extensive genomic changes and were quantified in dendrograms, in terms of genomic similarity. The analysis of control plants suggested that genomic changes were correlated to thein vitro culture step necessary forA. tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer, rather than to the integration of the foreign genes. Three transgenic clones (12, 153 and 192), selected for insect resistance, reduced morphological changes and promising silvicultural traits, are now under large-scale field evaluation in six different provinces in China.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01968939
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge-discharge characteristics of polyacetylene solid-state batteries (1990)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 23 (1990), S. 411-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The performances of solid-state batteries using polyacetylene, (CH)x, as electrode material have been investigated. Two kinds of solid electrolytes, RbAg4I5 and Ag26I18W4O16, have been used with silver anodes. Both types of cells are able to discharge at room temperature. The performances of cells such as internal resistance, electromotive force, discharging ability, capacity, etc., have been measured under different conditions. The secondary effect of the solid-state batteries is investigated also. Moreover, the differences between the two kinds of cells have been compared and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294871
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fertile plants regenerated from suspension culture-derived protoplasts of an indica type rice (Oryza sativa L.) (1993)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 32 (1993), S. 61-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: nitrogen source ; plant regeneration ; preculture ; protoplast culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Calluses were induced from immature embryos of an indica type rice and finely dispersed cell suspension cultures were initiated from the callus using modified AA medium (S1 medium). The suspension cultures were maintained alternatively (1–2 passages in each medium) in S1 medium and S2 medium, the latter containing KNO3, NH4NO3, proline and glutamine as nitrogen source. Protoplasts of high quality were isolated form suspension cells cultured in S2 medium supplemented with ABA. Embedding the protoplasts in agarose blocks containing NH4NO3-free modified KM8P(PM1) medium and immersing the blocks in NH4NO3-containing modified KM8P(PM3) medium were most effective for obtaining protoplast division and callus formation. The protoplast-derived calluses were precultured in potato extract-aand/or ABA-containing N6(D1, D2 or D3) media and many embryo-like structures were formed. These structures developed into plantlets after being transferred to N6 differentiation (D4) medium. The regenerated plantlets grew into mature plants and beard seeds normally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00040117
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