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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geometry of bicontinuous microemulsions as revealed by SANS and simulations (1994)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 1357-1366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Fluid surfaces and fluid-fluid interfaces ; Neutron scattering techniques (including small-angle scattering) ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary Water-octane-C10E4 microemulsions in both the isotropic and lamellar phases were measured using small-angle neutron scattering. Varying the scattering length density of both the water and oil through hydrogen-deuterium substitution enabled us to isolate the scattering contributions of the surfactant monolayers and the water-surfactant and oil-surfactant interfaces. Analyses of the resulting scattering patterns allow us to directly determine the small mean curvature of the surfactant film as a function of temperature and correlate this quantity with the overall phase behavior. A simulation using a Gaussian random field yields the three-dimensional structure of the bicontinuous microemulsion having a surfactant monolayer with zero mean curvature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02462020
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cluster description of water-in-oil microemulsions near the critical and percolation points (1994)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 1419-1431 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Phase equilibria, phase transitions, and critical points of specific substances ; Optical properties of bulk materials ; Statistical theory of liquid structure ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary The three-component ionic microemulsion system consisting of AOT/water/decane shows an unusual phase behavior in the vicinity of room temperature. The phase diagram in the temperature-volume fraction (of the dispersed phase) plane exhibits a lower consolute critical point at about 40 degrees centigrades and 10% volume fraction. A percolation line, starting from the vicinity of the critical point, cuts across the plane, extending to high volume fraction side at progressively lower temperatures. In this paper we review the evidence that allows to interpret the phase behavior of our system in terms of interacting spherical droplets. We also investigate the dynamics of droplets, below and approaching the critical point by dynamic light scattering. The first cumulant and time evolution of the droplet density correlation function can be quantitatively calculated by assuming the existence of polydispersed fractal clusters formed by the microemulsion droplets due to attraction. The relaxation phenomena observed in an extensive set of measurements of electrical conductivity and permittivity close to percolation is also reviewed and interpreted through the same cluster-forming mechanism, which reproduces the most relevant features of the frequency-dependent complex dielectric constant of this system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02462026
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-angle light scattering in dense microemulsions, transition from droplet to bicontinuous phase (1994)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 1627-1633 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering ; Liquids ; Emulsions and suspensions ; Order-disorder and statistical mechanics of model systems ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary We have performed extensive small-angle light scattering (SALS) measurements on a three-component microemulsion (AOT/decane/water) as a function of the dispersed phase concentration and the temperature. All samples have a water/AOT molar fractionw=40.8. Such a system presents a very complex phase diagram with many structural configurations. With the SALS technique, we have been able to observe all the phase separation lines. In particular we give details on the system structure on the percolation phenomenon and on the bicontinuous phase recently observed. In particular we show that the percolation is driven by a long-scale aggregation between microemulsion droplets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02462051
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-angle light scattering studies of dense AOT-water-decane microemulsions (1996)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 18 (1996), S. 1317-1332 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering ; other light scattering ; Emulsions and suspensions ; Specific phase transitions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary We have performed extensive studies of a three-component microemulsion system composed of AOT-water-decane (AOT=sodium-bis-ethylhexyl-sulfosuccinate is an ionic surfactant) using small-angle light scattering (SALS). The small-angle scattering intensities are measured in the angular interval 0.001–0.1 radians, corresponding to a Bragg wave number range of 0.14 μm−1〈Q〈〈1.4 μm−1. The measurements were made by changing temperature and volume fraction ϕ of the dispersed phase (water + AOT) in the range 0.05〈ϕ〈0.75. All samples have a fixed water-to-AOT molar ratio,w=[water]/[AOT]=40.8, in order to keep the same average droplet size in the stable one-phase region. With the SALS technique, we have been able to observe all the phase boundaries of a very complex phase diagram with a percolation line and many structural organizations within it. We observe at the percolation transition threshold, a scaling behavior of the intensity data. This behavior is a consequence of a clustering among microemulsion droplets near the percolation threshold. In addition, we describe in detail a structural transition from a droplet microemulsion to a bicontinuous one as suggested by a recent small-angle neutron scattering experiment. The loci of this transition are located several degrees above the percolation temperatures and are coincident with the maxima previously observed in shear viscosity. From the data analysis, we show that both the percolation phenomenon and this novel structural transition are derived from a large-scale aggregation between microemulsion droplets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02453266
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission electron microscopy study of defects in Sn-doped GaAs films grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1987)
    Springer
    Applied physics 44 (1987), S. 143-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 68.55Jh ; 81.30Fb ; 68.35
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Films of GaAs, heavily doped with Sn, which have been grown by molecular-beam epitaxy are found to contain single-crystal Sn particles situated in the nearsurface region of the epilayer GaAs. The morphology and chemical composition of the particles have been examined by using cross-section transmission electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Different growth conditions were used to study the Sn-particle formation and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy was used to investigate microstructures. The observations are discussed in terms of several models previously proposed for these phenomena.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00626415
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macrolattice structure of a block copolymer in a selective solvent (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 5 (1998), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Macrolattice ; Block copolymer ; Selective solvent ; Transmission electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Macrolattice structure in the ordered phase of a poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) (SBS, with the bulk morphology of spherical polystyrene microdomains in the polybutadiene matrix) dissolved in a selective solvent (dodecyl methacrylate, C12MA, or a 75/25 w/w mixture of C12MA and butylene diacrylate, BDA) which mixes preferentially with the polybutadiene matrix was examined by means of transmission electron microscopy. The use of C12MA/BDA mixture as the selective solvent provided the opportunity of freezing the macrolattice structure upon UV-initiated polymerization of the acrylic monomers when the SBS content is above ca. 60 wt%. Results indicated clearly a body-centered cubic structure, in contrast to the simple cubic packing previously proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10965-006-0034-y
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human liver fatty acid binding protein gene is located on chromosome 2 (1986)
    Springer
    Somatic cell and molecular genetics 12 (1986), S. 303-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9931
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The human gene for liver fatty acid binding protein was assigned to chromosome 2 using human-rodent somatic cell hybrids and Southern filter hybridization of cell hybrid DNA. The filters were hybridized to a radiolabeled cloned cDNA which covers 485 bases. Hybridization of the DNA to a human-specific 7.5-kb DNA fragment in HindIII-digested DNA was used to identify the human liver fatty acid binding protein gene. Results from two cell hybrids with chromosomal rearrangements suggest that the gene is on the short arm of chromosome 2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570790
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Probability distribution of photocounts of the light scattered by critical fluctuations (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 30 (1983), S. 699-707 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Photonstatistics ; critical fluctuation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The probability distribution of photocountsP(n, T) of the light scattered by concentration fluctuations in a binary system near the critical point has been measured. The results turn out to be consistent with the theoretical predictions for Gaussian-Lorentzian light.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01009684
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and dynamics of water-in-oil microemulsions near the critical and percolation points (1995)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 16 (1995), S. 1119-1134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: microemulsion ; percolation ; sticky-sphere model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The three-component ionic microemulsion system consisting of AOT/water/ decane shows an interesting phase behavior in the vicinity of room temperature. The phase diagram in the temperature-volume fraction (of the dispersed phase) plane exhibits a lower consolute critical point at about 40°C and 8% volume fraction. A percolation line, starting from the vicinity of the critical point, cuts across the plane, extending to the high-volume fraction side at progressively lower temperatures. This phase behavior can be understood in terms of a system of polydispersed spherical water droplets, each coated by a monolayer of AOT, dispersed in a continuum of oil. These droplets interact with each other via a hard-core plus a short-range attractive interaction, the strength of which increases with temperature. We show that Baxter's sticky-sphere model can account quantitatively for the phase behavior, including the percolation line, provided that the stickiness parameter is a suitable function of temperature. We use the structure factors measured by small-angle neutron scattering below the critical temperature to determine this functional dependence. We also investigate the dynamics of droplets, below and approaching the critical and percolation points, by dynamic light scattering. Both theQ dependence of the first cumulant and the time evolution of the droplet density correlation function can be quantitatively calculated by assuming the existence of polydispersed fractal clusters formed by the microemulsion droplets due to attraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02081280
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The identification of a (CGG)6AGG insertion within the CGG repeat of the FMR1 gene in Asians (1997)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 99 (1997), S. 793-795 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have evaluated the structure of the CGG repeat within the FMR1 gene of an Asian population and found the most common size of the repeat to be 29 and 30 with a minor population of 36 repeats. We have isolated and sequenced DNA containing the 36 repeats and found the basis sequence to be (CGG)9AGG(CGG)9AGG(CGG)6AGG(CGG)9; with a (CGG)6)AGG insertion, designated as 9A9A6A9. Of 144 Asian chromosomes, 11 (8%) had sequences with this insertion. Six different variations of the basic sequence were observed in the population: 9A9A6A2A9, 9A9A6A11, 9A9A16, 9A9A15, 8A9A6A6A9, and 11A6A6A9. All but one of the chromosomes with the insertion had the haplotype of DXS548/ FRAXAC1: 194/D suggesting that the sequences with the 6A insertion arose from a single ancestral allele. We have not observed the insertion in the FMR1 gene of Caucasians or Native Americans. The (CGG)6AGG insertion may be unique to Asians.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050450
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