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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immediate synthesis of amino acids in hot plasma with magneto-plasma dynamic arcjet (1996)
    Springer
    Origins of life and evolution of the biospheres 26 (1996), S. 342-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0875
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02459798
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shock compaction of cubic boron nitride powders (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 22 (1987), S. 1127-1134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract C-BN powders with different grain sizes were dynamically compacted by explosive shock loading using approximate peak pressures from 33 to 77G Pa. The density and the microhardness of the resulting c-BN compacts were strongly dependent upon the grain size of the c-BN powders used as the starting materials. The best c-BN compacts, with 98% of the theoretical density and microhardness of 51.3G Pa, were obtained from the coarse c-BN powder (40 to 60μm). In the compacted fine c-BN powder (2 to 4μm) conversion of the c-BN to low density forms of BN at a residual temperature degraded the interparticle bonding significantly. X-ray line-broadening analysis of the compacted c-BN powders indicated that the residual lattice strain increased with the increase in grain size of the starting powder, while the crystallite size was independent of the grain size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01103560
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic compaction of silicon nitride powder (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 22 (1987), S. 1031-1036 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Dynamic compaction experiments were carried out on fine Si3N4 powder, that contained no additives, using maximum pressures of from 20 to 77 GPa. With pressures of from 20 to 64 G Pa the relative densities of the resulting Si3N4 compacts were the same: 96% of the theoretical density, but their microhardness values differed significantly. The optimum shock pressure for the Si3N4 powder with an initial density of 60% was near 44 G Pa. At this pressure, sintered Si3N4 compacts with a density of 96% of the theoretical density and a microhardness of 21.2 G Pa were obtained. However, at 64 G Pa, α-Si3 N4 was transformed to β-Si3N4 as a result of the high temperatures experienced during the compaction process. Because of this transformation, the microhardness of the compacted Si3N4 was reduced significantly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01103547
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shock consolidation of diamond powders (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 22 (1987), S. 3276-3286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Fine and coarse diamond powders were shock-compacted at peak pressures of 77, 90, and 108 GPa. The densification and consolidation mechanisms of diamond powders under shock compression were investigated. The densification behaviour of the diamond powders depended strongly on the particle size of the starting materials. Fine diamond powders were densified primarily by plastic deformation, while coarse diamond powders were densified mainly by particle fracture. The relative densities of the compacted diamond samples increased with an increase in the initial particle size of the diamond and with shock pressure. The consolidation mechanism of the diamond powders under shock compression was closely related to the densification mechanism, and depended on the initial particle size of the diamond. At a shock pressure of 90 GPa, particle sizes of 2 to 4 μm grade and 10 to 20 μm grade were desirable as the starting material in order to produce well-bonded diamond compacts. Diamond compacts having microhardness values over 80 GPa were obtained from 2 to 4 μm grade and 10 to 20 μm grade diamond powders at a shock pressure of 90 G Pa, and their relative densities were 88.5% and 91.0%, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01161192
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abiotic Synthesis of Guanine with High-Temperature Plasma (2000)
    Springer
    Origins of life and evolution of the biospheres 30 (2000), S. 557-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0875
    Keywords: abiotic synthesis ; cometary impact ; cytosine ; guanine ; high-temperature plasma ; magneto-plasma dynamic arc-jet ; origin of life ; uracil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The origin of guanine has been unknown, thoughthere are some reports concerning its abiotic synthesis. Weshow here that guanine, as well as uracil and cytosine, aresynthesized from a 90%N2–10%CO–H2O gas mixture via a complex organic product produced with the high-temperature and rapidquenching technique. This result implies that a large amountof complex organic matter including precursors of bioorganiccompounds might have been produced on the primitive earthafter cometary impacts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026587607264
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural changes of wurtzite-type and zincblende-type boron nitrides by shock treatments (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 21 (1986), S. 4060-4066 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Wurtzite-type boron nitride (w-BN) and zincblende-type boron nitride (z-BN) powders were shock-treated in the pressure range of 60 to 200 GPa to clarify their polymorphic transformations. The recovered BN powders revealed the effects of the shock wave and residual temperature on phase transition of BN. W-BN was partly transformed to z-BN by shock compression at a pressure of about 100 GPa. At pressures greater than 100 GPa, portions of the w-BN and z-BN powders changed into the BN having a turbostratic structure. Subsequently, this form was crystallized to graphite-like BN (g-BN) and a new form of BN due to high residual temperatures. This new BN modification, probably stabilized by the high surface energy associated with its fine crystallite size of less than 50 nm, was identified as fcc structure with a lattice parameter ofa 0 = 0.8405 nm. The transformation of z-BN to w-BN was not detected in this post-shock study, as was observed in static high pressure studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02431652
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural changes of wurtzite-type and zincblende-type boron nitrides by shock treatments (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 21 (1986), S. 4060-4066 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Wurtzite-type boron nitride (w-BN) and zincblende-type boron nitride (z-BN) powders were shock-treated in the pressure range of 60 to 200 GPa to clarify their polymorphic transformations. The recovered BN powders revealed the effects of the shock wave and residual temperature on phase transition of BN. W-BN was partly transformed to z-BN by shock compression at a pressure of about 100 GPa. At pressures greater than 100 GPa, portions of the w-BN and z-BN powders changed into the BN having a turbostratic structure. Subsequently, this form was crystallized to graphite-like BN (g-BN) and a new form of BN due to high residual temperatures. This new BN modification, probably stabilized by the high surface energy associated with its fine crystallite size of less than 50 nm, was identified as fcc structure with a lattice parameter ofa 0 = 0.8405 nm. The transformation of z-BN to w-BN was not detected in this post-shock study, as was observed in static high pressure studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00553469
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  • 8
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    Immediate synthesis of amino acids in hot plasma with magneto-plasma dynamic arcjet (1996)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0169-6149
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-0875
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
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    Structural changes of wurtzite-type and zincblende-type boron nitrides by shock treatments (1986)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-2461
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Shock consolidation of diamond powders (1987)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-2461
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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