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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 7 (2000), S. 47-52 
    ISSN: 1573-3904
    Schlagwort(e): α-conotoxin SI ; disulfidepairing ; orthogonal cysteine protection ; solid-phaseEllman's reagent
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Disulfide-paired regioisomers of α-conotoxin SIcan be accessed by orthogonal schemes using thecombination of S-9H-xanthen-9-yl (S-Xan) and S-acetamidomethyl (S-Acm)groups for cysteine protection. Following solid-phaseassemblies of the linear precursors, the peptides werecleaved from the solid support concurrent with removalof S-Xan protecting groups. The first disulfidebridges were formed in solution, using either thetraditional DMSO method or a recently introducedapproach featuring a solid-phase Ellman's reagent. The second disulfide bridges were oxidized by threedifferent methods: reactions mediated by thalliumtrifluoroacetate, iodine, or a sulfoxide/silylmixture. In general, yields depended primarily onwhich regioisomer was the target, rather than thespecific chemistry used for either disulfide-formingstep. However, the selectivities towards the desiredregio-isomers were reproducibly better using thesolid-phase Ellman's reagent, by comparison to theDMSO method. In the most favorable cases, completeselectivity was achieved, while even in cases wherethe net results using DMSO gave considerablescrambling, the corresponding experiments with thesolid-phase Ellman's reagent were more selective. Possible reasons why choice of oxidation method forthe first step affects the selectivity at the secondstep are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 3 (1996), S. 31-36 
    ISSN: 1573-3904
    Schlagwort(e): Phosphotyrosine ; Dde N ε-amino protecting group ; Lysine branching ; Src homology domains ; Abelson kinase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary This paper details the solid-phase synthesis by N α-9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) chemistry of a series of bivalent consolidated ligands, branched peptides with lengths of 22 to 25 residues. The target peptides were designed to, and in fact do, interact with greater specificity and higher affinity with the SH2 and SH3 domains of Abelson kinase in an SH(32) dual domain construct. Fmoc-O-phospho-l-tyrosine[Fmoc-Tyr(PO3H2)-OH] was used to introduce the required phosphotyrosine residues, and Fmoc-N ε-1-(4,4-dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohexylidene)ethyl-l-lysine [Fmoc-Lys(Dde)-OH] was used to introduce a branch point that allowed proper orientation of individual ligands. The resultant product peptides were characterized by amino acid analyses and electrospray mass spectra.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 7 (2000), S. 47-52 
    ISSN: 1573-3904
    Schlagwort(e): α-conotoxin SI ; disulfide pairing ; orthogonal cysteine protection ; solid-phase Ellman's reagent
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary Disulfide-paired regioisomers of α-conotoxin SI can be accessed by orthogonal schemes using the combination ofS-9H-xanthen-9-yl (S-Xan) andS-acetamidomethyl (S-Acm) groups for cysteine protection. Following solidphase assemblies of the linear precursors, the peptides were cleaved from the solid support concurrent with removal ofS-Xan protecting groups. The first disulfide bridges were formed in solution, using either the traditional DMSO method or a recently introduced approach featuring a solid-phase Ellman's reagent. The second disulfide bridges were oxidized by three different methods: reactions mediated by thallium trifluoroacetate, iodine, or a sulfoxide/silyl mixture. In general, yields depended primarily on which regioisomer was the target, rather than the specific chemistry used for either disulfide-forming step. However, the selectivities towards the desired regioisomers were reproducibly better using the solid-phase Ellman's reagent, by comparison to the DMSO method. In the most favorable cases, complete selectivity was achieved, while even in cases where the net results using DMSO gave considerable scrambling, the corresponding experiments with the solid-phase Ellman's reagent were more selective. Possible reasons why choice of oxidation method for the first step affects the selectivity at the second step are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 3 (1996), S. 283-292 
    ISSN: 1573-3904
    Schlagwort(e): N-Dithiasuccinoyl (Dts)-glycine ; Oxytocin ; Deamino-oxytocin ; Peptide synthesis ; Intramolecular disulfide
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary Specific intramolecular cyclization to form disulfide bridges in peptides represents a major challenge to the synthetic art. The N-dithiasuccinoyl (Dts) function was originally proposed as an amino protecting group, removable under mild conditions by thiolysis [Barany, G. and Merrifield, R.B., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 99 (1977) 7363; 102 (1980) 3084]. We demonstrate here that this chemistry can be ‘inverted’, i.e., Dts-amines can be used as mild oxidation reagents that promote formation of intramolecular disulfide bridges. With oxytocin and deamino-oxytocin as models, and with Dts-glycine as the oxidant, we have shown the efficacy of this method under a variety of conditions: both components in solution; dithiol-peptide on a polymeric support and Dts-glycine in solution; and soluble dithiol-peptide with Dts-glycyl-resin. Kinetics have been determined under a range of conditions in mixtures of acetonitrile-phosphate buffer. The logarithm of the reaction rate (based on a simplified first-order assumption) varies linearly with pH; the slope of these correlations is 0.68±0.02. Under suboptimal conditions, by-products have been observed that include parallel and antiparallel dimers as well as trisulfide analogues. Optimized conditions give good yields and purities of the desired disulfides. Particular advantages of this approach include the lack of reactivity of Dts-glycine with all non-sulfhydryl side-chain functionalities found in peptides, and the fact that Dts-mediated oxidation is irreversible.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 3 (1997), S. 333-342 
    ISSN: 1573-3904
    Schlagwort(e): Post-assembly phosphorylation ; Phosphoramidite chemistry ; H-phosphonate byproduct ; Phosphopeptides ; Gel-phase nuclear magnetic resonance ; Solid-phase peptide synthesis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary In the course of solid-phase synthesis of phosphopeptides by a post-assembly global phosphorylation strategy, the corresponding H-phosphonate peptides form as byproducts. We describe model studies to investigate this side reaction as a function of reaction conditions, and use this information to develop conditions that minimize the problem, i.e., use of dibenzyl N,N-di-isopropyl phosphoramidite for phosphitylation, followed immediately by oxidation with anhydrous tert-butyl hydroperoxide in dry tetrahydrofuran under argon, and final acidolytic cleavage.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 6 (1999), S. 243-245 
    ISSN: 1573-3904
    Schlagwort(e): PyAOP ; PyBOP ; PyBroP ; side reactions ; solid-phase peptide synthesis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary Pyrrolidide derivatives are observed as unwanted by-products from slow reactions of activated carboxylates with nucleophilic amines, as mediated by phosphonium salt coupling reagents (PyAOP, PyBOP, PyBroP). This side reaction is attributed to the presence of small amounts (e.g., 0.5%, w/w) of pyrrolidine as a contaminant to commerical phosphonium salts, and does not occur when the reagents are crystallized before their use in coupling reactions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 2 (1996), S. 265-270 
    ISSN: 1573-3904
    Schlagwort(e): Tris(alkoxybenzyl) N-alkylamides [(R)PAL] ; Reductive amination ; Acidolyzable anchors ; LHRH analogues
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary By analogy to established methodology for the preparation of C-terminal peptide amides by 9-fluorenylmethyl-oxycarbonyl (Fmoc) chemistry, in conjunction with the acidolyzable 5-(4-Fmoc-aminomethyl-3,5-dimethoxyphenoxy)valeric acid (PAL, 1) handle, the present paper reports on 5-(4-(N-Fmoc-N-alkyl)aminomethyl-3,5-dimethoxyphenoxy)valeric acid [(R)PAL, 2] handles that can be used for synthesis of peptide N-alkylamides. The key step in the preparation of these handles was the NaBH3CN-mediated reductive amination (60 to 85% yields; R=CH3, CH3CH2, C6H5CH2CH2, 4-NO2C6H5) of 5-(4-formyl-3,5-dimethoxyphenoxy)valeric acid (4), an aldehyde precursor to PAL. The (R)PAL handles (2a and b) were applied to the preparation of LHRH analogues. After anchoring of handles to PEG-PS supports, peptide chain assemblies were carried out, and treatments with TFA-thioanisolephenol-1,2-ethanedithiol (87:5:5:3) for 90 min at 25 °C, followed by aqueous workups, provided the expected products in excellent yields and purities as supported by HPLC and mass spectrometric characterization.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 6 (1999), S. 243-245 
    ISSN: 1573-3904
    Schlagwort(e): PyAOP ; PyBOP ; PyBroP ; side reactions ; solid-phase peptide synthesis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Pyrrolidide derivatives are observed as unwanted by-products from slow reactions of activated carboxylates with nucleophilic amines, as mediated by phosphonium salt coupling reagents (PyAOP, PyBOP, PyBroP). This side reaction is attributed to the presence of small amounts (e.g., 0.5%, w/w) of pyrrolidine as a contaminant to commercial phosphonium salts, and does not occur when the reagents are crystallized before their use in coupling reactions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
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