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  • Lycopersicon esculentum  (2)
  • Lymantriidae  (2)
  • Springer  (4)
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  • Springer  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allelochemicals in foliage of unfavored tree hosts of the gypsy moth,Lymantria dispar L. (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 16 (1990), S. 1731-1738 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Ilex opaca ; Aquifoliaceae ; Lymantria dispar ; gypsy moth ; Lepidoptera ; Lymantriidae ; saponins ; siaresinolic acid ; qualitative plant defenses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A greater variety of qualitative chemical defenses has been reported in eastern forest trees than might be expected from current interpretation of the plant apparency theory. For the gypsy moth there is an association between the occurrence of alkaloids and unfavorability of certain tree species, as well as the presence of saponins. The latter association, however, is not statistically significant. Species in the genusIlex have been reported to contain both alkaloids and saponins (Barbosa and Krischick, 1987). In this study, determinations were made of the occurrence of alkaloids and saponins inI. opaca and their changes in concentration over time. No alkaloids were detected. Saponins were isolated, and the aglycone siaresinolic acid was identified. Saponin concentration changes seasonally, being highest in early May and lowest in early June leaves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01014104
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allelochemicals in foliage of unfavored tree hosts of the gypsy moth,Lymantria dispar L. (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 16 (1990), S. 1719-1730 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Lymantria dispar ; Lepidoptera ; Lymantriidae ; Liriodendron tulipifera ; Acer rubrum ; Cornus florida ; gypsy moth ; alkaloids ; N-methyl-crotsparine ; 1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxy)propane ; bisphenylpropanoid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Early theories on plant chemical defense against herbivory emphasized that apparent and unapparent plants were primarily defended by different types of compounds. More and more evidence suggests that both quantitative and qualitative defenses are found in apparent plants and that they can play a defensive role against herbivores. A survey of the literature on the gypsy moth suggests not only that there is a large variety of qualitative compounds, as well as the expected quantitative ones, but that unfavored hosts of the gypsy moth are associated with the presence of alkaloids. Foliage of three tree species,Liriodendron tulipifera L.,Acer rubrum L., andCornus florida L., was examined to confirm the presence of alkaloids and other major secondary metabolites. The known sesquiterpene lactone, lipiferolide, and the sugar derivative, liriodendritol, were components ofL. tulipifera leaves, along with a bisphenylpropanoid previously found only in nutmeg. Alkaloid content [i.e., (−)-N-methylcrotsparine content] was low and leaves tested positive for HCN. Leaves ofA. rubrum L. were examined for the presence of gramme, but none could be detected. No alkaloids were detected inCornus florida.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01014103
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation of 2-Tridecanone level in tomato plant leaflets and resistance to two mite species (Tetranychus sp.) (1998)
    Springer
    Euphytica 104 (1998), S. 33-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; methyl ketone ; spider mites ; Tetranychus urticae ; Tetranychus ludeni ; tomato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The wild tomato accession Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum ‘PI 134417’ is a promising source of resistance to arthropods in tomato. It is self compatible and intercrosses easily with the cultivated species Lycopersicon esculentum. It is resistant to several arthropods, including spider mites, and these resistances have been related to the presence of high contents of 2-tridecanone (2-TD) and other methyl ketones in the leaves. The objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of 2-TD concentration in the leaflets of Lycopersicon for resistance to the spider mites Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836) and T. ludeni Zacher, 1913. Plants of two segregating generations (F2) were evaluated through the thumbtack bioassay (Weston & Snyder, 1990) in two different assays. Both experiments included as checks L. esculentum ‘TSWV-547’ (mite susceptible), L. hirsutum f. glabratum ‘PI 134417’ (resistant) and the interspecific hybrid F1 (TSWV-547 × PI 134417). In the first experiment, 10 genotypes selected from F2 (TSWV-547 × PI 134417), with contrasting 2-TD concentrations in the leaflets, were tested for resistance to T. urticae. In a second experiment, seven genotypes of the F2 (TSWV-547 × BPX-318p1#230), also with contrasting 2-TD concentrations, were used to evaluate the resistance to T. ludeni. BPX-318p1#230 is a single plant selected from the segregating population F2 (TSWV-547 × PI 134417) for its high 2-TD content. In both experiments, high negative correlations (r = − 0.88; − 0.91 and − 0.93 in the first experiment, and r = − 0.78, − 0.99 and − 0.96 in the second experiment) were found between the 2-TD content and average distance travelled by the spider mites after 60, 90 and 120 minutes, respectively. The level of resistance (repellency) to spider mites T. urticae and T. ludeni in the genus Lycopersicon appears to be mediated by the 2-TD levels present in the tomato leaflets. The similar results of both experiments showed that selection for high 2-TD content in leaflets can lead to genetic improvement in the direction of increased levels of spider mite resistance in tomato.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018611514287
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    2-Tridecanone-mediated mechanisms of resistance to the South American tomato pinworm Scrobipalpuloides absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera-Gelechiidae) in Lycopersicon spp (1997)
    Springer
    Euphytica 93 (1997), S. 189-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum ; Lycopersicon hirsutum ; var. glabratum ; insect resistance ; methyl-ketones ; non-preference ; oviposition ; feeding ; antibiosis ; tomato ; South American tomato pinworm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Oviposition and feeding of Scrobipalpuloides absoluta was studied on plants of seven different genotypes with varying 2-tridecanone (2-TD) foliage concentrations: Lycopersicon esculentum var. glabratum 'PI 134417' (= GLA), L. esculentum 'TSWV-547' (= ESC), F1 (ESC × GLA), and 4 F2 genotypes – two with high 2-TD (HI1, HI2), and two with low foliage 2-TD concentrations (LO1, LO2). GLA, HI1 and HI2 showed 2-TD concentrations above 185 × 10-1 2 moles/cm2, while ESC, LO1 and LO2 had 2-TD below 40 × 10-1 2 moles/cm2; F1 had intermediary levels of 2-TD (83,5 × 10-1 2 moles 2-TD/cm2). Ovipositioning was substantially higher in the low 2-TD than on either the high 2-TD genotypes or in the F1, especially in the upper portion of the plants. Scores for leaf lesion type (LLT), overall plant damage (OPD) and percent leaflets attacked (PLA) were substantially higher for the low 2-TD than for either the high 2-TD genotypes or the F1. The results indicate that 2-TD mediates resistance to S. absoluta in the interspecific cross, and strongly suggest that 2-TD acts as both an ovipositioning and feeding deterrent for this insect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002963623325
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