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  • Pakistan  (3)
  • Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
  • Food Science.
  • Pollution.
  • Springer  (3)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A study of water distribution from a branch to distributary canals: A case study of Gugera Branch, Punjab, Pakistan (1991)
    Springer
    Irrigation and drainage systems 5 (1991), S. 229-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0654
    Schlagwort(e): gate operation ; irrigation management ; Pakistan ; water distribution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract This study was conducted on Gugera Branch of Lower Chenab Canal, Punjab, Pakistan. Sample distributaries off taking from Gugera Branch were selected for the study. The existing conditions of water distribution among the distributaries were studied. Field data were collected during the whole of 1988. Field observations suggested that the variability at the head of distributaries is much greater than the variability in the Gugera Branch under existing operational practices. The distribution of water among the distributaries is rarely in accordance with design criteria. Some channels get priority over other channels. The annual closure period varied from 17 to 41 days for different channels. The discharge at the head of distributaries remained lower than the standard operational range for 69 to 183 days in a year. The data suggested that a regulating gate at the head of the distributary can reduce discharge variation up to 2.4 times compared with a ‘Karrees System’ (wooden stop logs used for water regulation). The data indicated that the adjustments in the head gate of a distributary on daily basis can substantially improve discharge conditions at the head of distributary. Rotational schedules are not being followed as per design and need to be improved. Most of the existing head discharge relationships of discharge measuring structures are not reliable. A frequent calibration of these structures is recommended.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01112501
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Using a hydraulic model to prioritize secondary canal maintenance inputs: results from Punjab, Pakistan (1996)
    Springer
    Irrigation and drainage systems 10 (1996), S. 377-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0654
    Schlagwort(e): canal maintenance ; decision support ; desilting ; hydraulic model ; irrigation management ; Pakistan ; Punjab
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract A computer-based hydraulic model,RAJBAH, was used to assess the utility of such models to assist and support canal system managers in planning and targeting maintenance activities on secondary canals. The work was conducted on Lagar distributary, a secondary channel off-taking from Upper Gugera Branch canal, Lower Chenab Canal system, Punjab, Pakistan. Measured discharges of off-takes and water levels along the distributary for premaintenance and post-maintenance periods were obtained. These data were used to assess the impact of actual maintenance inputs at specific locations identified in a model application in 1989. The predicted results of the model were satisfactorily close to conditions measured in the field. The study confirmed that suitably calibrated hydraulic simulation models can be effectively used in a decision support planning capacity to target and prioritize maintenance inputs for secondary canals in the irrigation systems of Pakistan's Punjab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01104901
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Equity of water distribution along secondary canals in Punjab, Pakistan (1992)
    Springer
    Irrigation and drainage systems 6 (1992), S. 161-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0654
    Schlagwort(e): canal operations ; equity ; Pakistan ; secondary canals ; water distribution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Equity in the distribution of irrigation water has long been an operational objective for the management of the large canal systems in the north and west of the Indian subcontinent. How well that operational objective continues to be met is the central concern of the research reported in this paper. Detailed studies of canal operations were conducted on three distributaries in the Lower Chenab Canal system in Punjab Province, Pakistan. Mananwala and Lagar Distributaries off-take in the head reach of the Gugera Branch Canal and Pir Mahal Distributary is at the very tail of this Branch. Flow conditions for these distributaries and of selected outlets served by each were measured daily throughout 1988, and data were converted to discharges. These field observations show that discharge variation at the head of distributaries greatly exceeds the original design criteria. The data also indicate that two design assumptions for outlets are no longer valid: continuous full supply water level in the distributary and outlet modular flow conditions. Field measurements confirm that the distribution of surface water among the outlets of all three distributaries is substantially inequitable. Outlets in the channels' head reaches commonly draw 3 to 6 times greater share of total supplies than do tail outlets. Although all three selected distributaries are perennial canals, some outlets remained dry for up to 90% of the total operational days in a year. Finally, evaluation of field data also shows that better operational procedures at the distributary level can substantially improve water supply conditions in the tail reaches.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01102975
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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