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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2009-03-26
    Print ISSN: 1385-2256
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-1618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-11-03
    Print ISSN: 0254-5330
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9338
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2009-01-25
    Print ISSN: 0924-6460
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-1502
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Economics
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of productivity analysis 2 (1992), S. 283-298 
    ISSN: 1573-0441
    Keywords: indirect production technology ; superlative index numbers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Caves, Christensen and Diewert [1982a] showed that the Törnqvist productivity index is superlative in a considerably more general sense than had been previously believed. We examine the allocative and technical efficiency hypotheses on which their finding rests. We show that the allocative efficiency hypothesis can be modified, which makes the Törnqvist index superlative in a wider sense than even Caves, Christensen and Diewert showed, since it is consistent with a type of allocative efficiency other than the standard cost minimization and revenue maximization hypotheses considered by Caves, Christensen and Diewert. We also show that if the technical efficiency hypothesis is relaxed, the CCD result may no longer hold, and the distance functions that form the basis of the Malmquist productivity indexes, and hence of the Törnqvist productivity index, must be calculated. We then show how to calculate the underlying distance functions, and we argue that there are real advantages to doing so.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of productivity analysis 3 (1992), S. 417-425 
    ISSN: 1573-0441
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract A significant result in production theory is that even under a very weak condition on the technology, the cost function is well defined and linearly homogeneous in factor prices. We could term this homogeneity a “scaling law,” for an equiproportionate scaling of all factor prices results in an identical scaling of the value of the cost function. The purpose of this paper is to determine sets of conditions under which an analogous result may hold for the output variable in the cost function. Our analysis initially focuses on the cost function of a multioutput technology so that the output variable in the cost function is vector-valued. The results we obtain are that some “output-scaling laws” exist if and only if the underlying technology is ray-homothetic. In the final section we consider the meaning of the results for the single-output case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of productivity analysis 7 (1996), S. 213-224 
    ISSN: 1573-0441
    Keywords: Duality ; opportunity cost ; stochastic frontier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract A dual representation of a technology, e.g., a cost function, may not contain all of the technological information, but it will contain all of the information about input vectors that would be chosen by a cost-minimizing firm. At least this much is clear for deterministic technologies. The main question addressed in this paper is whether the same can be said about stochastic technologies and their dual representations. Despite some pessimism expressed in the stochastic frontier literature on this question, we argue that there is no extra cost imposed in the stochastic case. Thus, the conclusion of this paper is: Just dual it!
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of productivity analysis 13 (2000), S. 93-103 
    ISSN: 1573-0441
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract In 1957 Farrell demonstrated how cost inefficiency could be decomposed into two mutually exclusive and exhaustive components: technical and allocative inefficiency. This result is consequence of the fact that—as shown by Shephard—the cost function and the input distance function (the reciprocal of Farrell's technical efficiency measure) are ‘dual’ to each other. Similarly, the revenue function and the output distance function are dual providing the basis for the decomposition of revenue inefficiency into technical and allocative components (see for example, Färe, Grosskopf and Lovell (1994)). Here we extend those results to include the directional distance function and its dual, the profit function. This provides the basis for defining and decomposing profit efficiency. As we show, the output and input distance functions (reciprocals of Farrell efficiency measures) are special cases of the directional distance function. We also show how to use the directional distance function as a tool for measuring capacity utilization using DEA type techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Economic theory 15 (2000), S. 227-233 
    ISSN: 1432-0479
    Keywords: Keywords and Phrases:Mahler inequality, Distance functions, Duality. ; JEL Classification Numbers:D20, D69.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Summary. Inequalities created by relating gauge (distance) functions and their dual support functions have been used in economics and operations research/management science to measure efficiency and productivity. The most familiar example is the Farrell (1957) measure of cost efficiency and its decomposition into technical and allocative components, which can be shown to be an application of the Mahler (1939) inequalities, although Farrell was probably unaware of the connection. In this short paper we add to this literature by providing explicit relationships between distance functions and support functions to form five different inequalities. These inequalities are derived from three support functions: the cost function, the revenue function and the profit function, and three gauge (distance) functions: the input distance function, the output distance function and the directional (technology) distance function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Economic theory 11 (1998), S. 629-641 
    ISSN: 1432-0479
    Keywords: JEL Classification Numbers: D20 ; D60 ; D81 ; D71.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Summary. The concept of translation homotheticity is introduced and defined. It is demonstrated that translation homotheticity is necessary and sufficient for: disposable surplus to be independent of the reference utility, Luenberger's compensating and equivalent benefits to be independent of the reference utility and always equal to one another, the risk premium to be independent of reference-level utility, absolute indexes of income inequality to be reference free, and social-welfare functionals to satisfy invariance with respect to the choice of a common origin. Translation homotheticity is also sufficient for Hicks' many-market consumer surplus measure to be a second-order approximation to disposable surplus, compensating benefit, and equivalent benefit. If preferences are translation homothetic and appropriately quadratic, Hicks, many-market consumer surplus measure is exact for these welfare measures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Aequationes mathematicae 30 (1986), S. 180-186 
    ISSN: 1420-8903
    Keywords: Primary 39B05 ; Secondary 90A11.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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