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  • Candida albicans  (5)
  • Gliadins  (3)
  • Life Sciences (General)
  • Springer  (8)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The alternate respiratory pathway of Candida albicans (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 116 (1978), S. 61-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Respiration ; Alternate oxidase ; Cytochrome c oxidase ; Candida albicans ; Cyanide and antimycin A insensitive respiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Candida albicans contains a cryptic cyanide and antimycin A insensitive respiratory system. This alternate oxidase was found (i) at all growth rates from μ=0.05 to 0.26 in a chemostat culture and (ii) in both mycelial and yeast forms of the organism. Neither chloramphenicol nor cycloheximide prevented the expression of the alternate oxidase. Salicyl-hydroxamic acid was a potent inhibitor of the cyanide insensitive respiration. The respiration of mitochondria grown in the presence of antimycin A was not inhibited by cyanide or antimycin A but was inhibited by salicylhydroxamic acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408734
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of chitin synthesis during germ-tube formation in Candida albicans (1980)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 125 (1980), S. 97-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: l-glutamine-d-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase ; Chitin synthase ; Chitin ; Candida albicans ; Germ-tube formation ; Dimorphism ; Polyoxin D
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis of chitin during germ-tube formation in Candida albicans may be regulated by the first and last steps in the chitin pathway: namely l-glutamine-d-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase and chitin synthase. Induction of germ-tube formation with either glucose and glutamine or serum was accompanied by a 4-fold increase in the specific activity of the aminotransferase. Chitin synthase in C. albicans is synthesized as a proenzyme. N-acetyl glucosamine increased the enzymic activity of the activated enzyme 3-fold and the enzyme exhibited positive co-operativity with the substrate, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine. Although chitin synthase was inhibited by polyoxin D (K i =1.2μM) this antibiotic did not affect germination. During germ-tube formation the total chitin synthase activity increased 1.4-fold and the expressed activity (in vivo activated proenzyme) increased 5-fold. These results could account for the reported 5-fold increase in chitin content observed during the yeast to mycelial transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00403204
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linkage mapping of genes controlling endosperm storage proteins in wheat (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 628-641 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat ; Triplet proteins ; Gliadins ; Glutenins ; Linkage mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A translocation mapping procedure was used to map gene-centromere distances for the genes controlling endosperm proteins on the short arm of each of the chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D in wheat. The genes controlling triplet proteins (tentatively designated Tri-1) were found to be closely linked to the centromere on chromosome arms 1AS and 1DS and loosely linked to the gliadin genes (Gli-1) on the same arms. The Gli-1 genes segregated independently or were very loosely linked to their respective centromeres. The Gli-B1-centromere map distance on 1BS was also estimated using conventional telocentric mapping and the result was similar to that obtained with the translocation mapping. A simple two-step one-dimensional electrophoretic procedure is described which allows the low-molecular-weight (LMW) glutenin subunits to be separated from the gliadin bands, thus facilitating the genetic analysis of these LMW subunits. No recombination was observed between the genes (designated Glu-3) controlling some major LMW glutenin subunits and those controlling gliadins on chromosome arms 1AS and 1DS. However, in a separate experiment, the genes controlling LMW glutenin subunits on 1BS (Glu-B3) showed a low frequency of recombination with the gliadin genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289132
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of B subunits of glutenin and ω-and γ-gliadins in tetraploid wheats (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 1149-1157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Inheritance ; Glutenins ; Gliadins ; Glu-3 loci ; Gli-1 loci ; Triticum turgidum var ‘durum’ ; T. dicoccoides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A double-1RS wheat-rye translocation line lacking all B subunits of glutenin was produced in durum wheat cv ‘Langdon’ for use in backcrosses and testcrosses in the study of the inheritance of low-molecular-weight (LMW) glutenin subunits in tetraploid wheats. The B subunits of glutenin and γ-and ω-gliadin bands present in parents derived from Triticum durum and T. dicoccoides, encoded by Glu-3 and Gli-1 loci, respectively, were found to be inherited mainly as units (blocks), as reported previously. Two rare recombination events between the Glu-A3 and Gli-A1 loci were detected in testcross progeny from ‘Edmore’ x T. dicoccoides landrace 19–27. Several rare recombinants were also detected within the 1BS-controlled B subunits of glutenin blocks, suggesting that there are two separate tightly linked loci (3.07±1.35 cM) within the Glu-B3 ‘locus’. Evidence was also obtained for the presence of an additional locus coding for a B subunit of glutenin in ‘Edmore’ that is loosely linked (20.9±3.18%) with the main Glu-B3 ‘locus’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222936
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cumulative effect of allelic variation in LMW and HMW glutenin subunits on dough properties in the progeny of two bread wheats (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 77 (1989), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat flour protein content ; Gliadins ; Glutenins ; Extensograph tests ; Bread-making quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effects of allelic variation at Gli-A1, GluA3 and Glu-A1 loci coding for gliadins, LMW glutenin subunits and HMW glutenin subunits on dough resistance and extensibility was analysed in 56 F2-derived F6 families from a cross between bread wheats MKR(111/8) and ‘Kite’. Extensograph data from two sites giving widely different flour protein levels (approximately 7% and 14%) revealed that the Glu-A3m and Glu-A1b alleles were associated with larger effects on dough resistance and extensibility than the null alleles Glu-A3k and GluA1c, respectively, and moreover, their effects were additive at both protein levels. The effect of the LMW glutenin allele Glu-A3m on both dough resistance and dough extensibility was relatively larger than that of the HMW glutenin allele Glu-A1b at both sites. Variation at the Gli-A1 locus did not appear to contribute towards dough strength. The results also showed the large effect of flour protein content on dough properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292316
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC) on the Cell Surface Hydrophobicity and Adherence of Candida albicansto Human Buccal Epithelial Cells in Vitro (1995)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 12 (1995), S. 1896-1900 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: Candida albicans ; cetylpyridinium chloride ; reduced adherence ; reduced cell surface hydrophobicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. This study examined the effects of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) on cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and adherence of blastospores of Candida albicans(MEN strain) to human buccal epithelial cells (EEC) in vitro. Methods. The effect of CPC treatment of either C. albicans blastospores or BEC on their subsequent adherence was determined using 35SO4 labelled blastospores in association with a Percoll™ gradient. The effects of CPC treatment of blastospores on their CSH was determined using Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography. Results. Treatment of exponential and stationary phase blastospores with CPC (50 µg mL−1) for 0.5–30 minutes, or with CPC (0.5–50 µg mL−1) for 15 minutes resulted in significant reductions in both blastospore CSH and adherence to BEC in vitro. No correlation was apparent (r 〈 0.8) between reduced CSH and reduced blastospore adherence following treatment with CPC (0.5–50 µg mL−1). Significantly reduced adherence of C. albicans (stationary or exponential growth phases) to human EEC was also observed following treatment of BEC with CPC (50 µg mL−1) for 0.5–30 minutes or with CPC (0.5–50 µg mL−1) for 15 minutes. Antiadherence effects were observed at both sub and super-minimum inhibitory concentrations of CPC. Conclusions. It is suggested that, whilst the ability of CPC to reduce the CSH of C. albicans may contribute to its reduced adherence to human BEC in vitro, reduced CSH is only one of several possible factors that contribute to the observed antiadherence effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016231620470
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and expression of Candida albicans ADE2 and proteinase genes on a replicative plasmid in C. albicans and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1992)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 235 (1992), S. 453-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Autonomously replicating plasmid ; Proteinase ; Candida albicans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A plasmid vector (denoted pRC2312) was constructed, which replicates autonomously in Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans. It contains LEU2, URA3 and an autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) from C. albicans for selection and replication in yeasts, and bla (ampicillin resistance) and ori for selection and replication in E. coli. S. cerevisiae AH22 (Leu−) was transformed by pRC2312 to Leu− at a frequency of 1.41 × 105 colonies per μg DNA. Transformation of C. albicans SGY-243 (Ura-) to Ura+ with pRC2312 resulted in smaller transformant colonies at a frequency of 5.42 × 103 per μg DNA where the plasmid replicated autonomously in transformed cells, and larger transformant colonies at a frequency of 32 per μg DNA, in which plasmid integrated into the genome. Plasmid copy number in yeasts was determined by a DNA hybridization method and was estimated to be 15±3 per haploid genome in S. cerevisiae and 2–3 per genome in C. albicans replicative transformants. Multiple tandem integration occurred in integrative transformants and copy number of the integrated sequence was estimated to be 7–12 per diploid genome. The C. albicans ADE2 gene was ligated into plasmid pRC2312 and the construct transformed Ade− strains of both C. albicans and S. cerevisiae to Ade+. The vector pRC2312 was also used to clone a fragment of C. albicans genomic DNA containing an aspartic proteinase gene. C. albicans transformants harboring this plasmid showed a two-fold increase in aspartic proteinase activity. However S. cerevisiae transformants showed no such increase in proteinase activity, suggesting the gene was not expressed in S. cerevisiae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279393
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and nucleotide sequence of an autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) element functional in Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1990)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 221 (1990), S. 210-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Candida albicans ; Autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) ; 5S rRNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary An 8.6-kb fragment was isolated from an EcoRI digest of Candida albicans ATCC 10261 genomic DNA which conferred the property of autonomous replication in Saccharomyces cervisiae on the otherwise non-replicative plasmid pMK155 (5.6 kb). The DNA responsible for the replicative function was subcloned as a 1.2-kb fragment onto a non-replicative plasmid (pRC3915) containing the C. albicans URA3 and LEU2 genes to form plasmid pRC3920. This plasmid was capable of autonomous replication in both S. cerevisiae and C. albicans and transformed S. cerevisiae AH22 (leu2 −) to Leu+ at a frequency of 2.15 × 103 transformants per pg DNA, and transformed C. albicans SGY-243 (Δura3) to Ura+ at a frequency of 1.91 × 103 transformants per μg DNA. Sequence analysis of the cloned DNA revealed the presence of two identical regions of eleven base pairs (5′TTTTATGTTTT3′) which agreed with the consensus of autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) cores functional in S. cerevisiae. In addition there were two 10/11 and numerous 9/11 matches to the core consensus. The two 11/11 matches to the consensus, CaARS1 and CaARS2, were located on opposite strands in a non-coding AT-rich region and were separated by 107 bp. Also present on the C. albicans DNA, 538 by from the ARS cores, was a gene for 5S rRNA which showed sequence homology with several other yeast 5S rRNA genes. A sub-fragment (494 bp) containing the 5S rRNA gene (but not the region containing the ARS cores) hybridized to genomic DNAs from a number of yeast species, including S. cerevisiae, C. tropicalis, C. pseudotropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. kruseii, C. (Torulopsis) glabrata and Neurospora crassa. The 709-bp ARS element (but not the 5S rRNA gene) was necessary for high-frequency transformation and autonomous plasmid replication in both S. cerevisiae and C. albicans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261723
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