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  • grain yield  (10)
  • transgressive segregation  (3)
  • Biomass  (2)
  • Springer  (14)
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  • Springer  (14)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improving cultivated oats (A vena sativa L.) with alleles for vegetative growth index from A. sterilis L. (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 68 (1984), S. 239-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Avena sterilis ; Biomass ; Vegetative growth index ; Transgressive segregation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Ten Avena sterilis L. lines of Mediterranean origin were crossed with six A. sativa L. cultivars from the North Central USA. Additionally, six intervarietal crosses were made among the A. sativa cultivars. F2- derived lines from each cross type (interspecific and intraspecific) were evaluated for transgressive segregation for grain yield and several vigor traits. Mean percentages of transgressive segregates one LSD0.05 above the high parent for vegetative growth index and biomass were 9.0% and 9.8%, respectively, from interspecific crosses, but only 4.5% and 2.9%, respectively, from intraspecific crosses. However, there were two and a half times more high transgressive segregates for grain yield from intra than from interspecific crosses. The maximum vegetative growth index among segregates from interspecific crosses was 0.2 q/day/ha greater than the highest segregate from intraspecific crosses. However, mean harvest index was reduced materially by the introgression of A. sterilis germplasm. Because there was no genetic association between vegetative growth index and harvest index, however, it should be possible to improve both harvest index and vegetative growth index and, thus, the grain yield of cultivated oats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266897
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association of two measures of vegetative growth rate with other traits in inter and intraspecific matings of oats (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 72 (1986), S. 756-760 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Avena sterilis ; Biomass ; Vegetative growth rate at anthesis ; Vegetative growth rate at maturity ; Dry weight at anthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary F2-derived oat lines from inter (Avena sativa L. x A. sterilis L.) and intraspecific (among A. sativa cultivars) matings were evaluated in the F3, F4, and F5 generations for heading date, grain and straw yields, biomass, vegetative dry weight at anthesis, vegetative growth rates until anthesis (GRA) and until maturity (GRM), and harvest index. The associations of GRA and GRM with harvest index ranged from zero to slightly negative. The positive correlations of GRA and GRM with grain yield were stronger in inter than in intraspecific matings. Grain yield was positively associated with harvest index in both inter and intraspecific matings. The results suggest the use of A. sterilis x A. sativa matings to improve vegetative growth rate, grain yield, and, to a certain extent, harvest index simultaneously without affecting the growth duration of the crop.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266541
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repeatability of regression stability indexes for grain yield of oats (Avena sativa L.) (1976)
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 21-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Avena sativa ; oats ; grain yield ; regression stability index ; repeatability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Two lines of descent were established from an F3 bulk lot of oats (Avena sativa L.) initiated by mixing seeds from approximately 250 crosses. For one line of descent, seeds were radiated with thermal neutrons or X-rays from F3 through F6, followed by five generations of bulk propagation. The second was propagated for 10 generations. No artificial selection was practiced in either line of descent. Grain yield data from 20 random strains from each of four generations from the radiated (F7, F8, F9, and F11) and five from the nonradiated (F3, F6, F7, F8, and F12) line of descent and 20 check cultivars tested in 14 environments were used for estimating regression stability indexes of oat strains. The 14 environments were assigned randomly to two sets of seven, and regression stability indexes were computed for the 180 experimental oat strains for both sets. Intrageneration correlations between regression stability indexes from the two sets of environments ranged from −0.35 to 0.64 (18 d.f.), and only one of nine was significant, indicating poor repeatability for estimates of this statistic computed from different sets of environments. Correlations between regression stability indexes from two sets of environments, one in which the environments varied by soil nitrogen levels and a second in which they varied by soil phosphorus levels, ranged from −0.01 to 0.28, none of which was significant. The relative magnitudes and ranking of the regression stability index values for the oat genotypes were nearly identical when environmental productivity indexes were assessed with any number of check cultivars from 2 to 20.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041525
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grain yield response and stability for oat lines with low-, medium-, and high-yielding ability (1987)
    Springer
    Euphytica 36 (1987), S. 121-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Avena sativa ; oats ; grain yield ; yield response ; yield stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Relationships that exist among grain yielding ability and response and stability of grain yields when tested over variable environments were examined. Two sets of oats lines were tested over many environments that had wide ranges in productivities. The lines in each set were divided into high-, medium-, and low-yielding groups on the basis of means across all environments, and variance components for genotype × environment interactions and means of regression responses and coefficients of determination were computed for the three yield categories in each set. Mean grain yields for the high-, medium-, and low-yielding groups across both sets of oats lines were 2.7, 2.3, and 1.9 Mg ha-1, respectively. Coefficients of variability for the genotype × environment interaction were 18%, 16%, and 12% for the high-, medium-, and low-yielding categories, respectively. Means for regression responses were 1.22 for the high group, 0.99 for the medium, and 0.78 for the low. Most responses for the high and low groups were significantly different from 1.0. Means for coefficients of contingency were 0.63, 0.56, and 0.51 for the high-, medium-, and lowyielding groups, respectively. There was a positive relationship between mean grain yield and response of grain yield to improving environments. Thus, high yielding lines are also the responsive lines. Our study gave conflicting results about stability of production for the three yield groups. Coefficients of variation for genotype × environment interaction indicated that the high-yielding group was more interactive with environments than were the medium- and low-yielding ones: However, the means for coefficients of contingency indicated that the high yielding group was the most stable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00730655
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct and indirect selection for grain yield in oats (avena sativa L.) (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 407-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Avena sativa ; oats ; grain yield ; direct selection for yield ; indirect selection for yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Direct and indirect selection for increased grain yield were carried out on a population of 678 F2-derived lines of oats. A selection intensity of 10% was used with direct selection (selection for grain yield itself) and with indirect selection using three criteria, harvest index, vegetative growth rate, and the index of harvest index + vegetative growth rate. Expected gains from 1978 evaluations were compared to actual gains measured in 1980. Actual grain yield increases were 4, 8, 7, and 6% from selection via harvest index, vegetative growth rate, grain yield, and harvest index + vegetative growth rate, respectively. Thus, indirect selection via vegetative growth rate gave a greater increase in grain yield than did direct selection. Heritability values computed via components of variance ranged from 0.50 to0.57 for the three traits, harvest index, vegetative growth rate, and grain yield, whereas regression heritabilities ranged from 0.41 to 0.55. Realized heritabilities were 0.33, 1.00 and 0.89 for the three traits, respectively. Selection via all criteria caused significant changes in nearly all agronomic traits except weight per volume. Vegetative growth rate, which gave the greatest gain in grain yield, caused less drastic changes in days to anthesis, plant height, biological yield, and vegetative yield than did direct selection for grain yield.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021449
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potential of wild germplasm for increasing yield of grain sorghum (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 673-684 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Sorghum bicolor ; sorghum ; virgatum ; arundinaceum ; verticilliflorum ; exotic germplasm ; transgressive segregation ; introgression ; backcross
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] backcross populations containing 3 to 50% wild germplasm were evaluated in south central India for grain yield and nine related traits. No individual BC0F2- to BC2F2-derived lines were high transgressive segregates for grain yield. Only 1.5% of all BC3F2- or BC4F2-derived lines were transgressive segragates, with 26% higher mean grain yield than their respective recurrent parents. The ten highest-yielding BC2F2- to BC4F2-derived lines per mating having parent CK60B yielded an average of 14% more than CK60B, which was, at the 5% level, a statistically significant difference. However, the increased yield was associated with increased plant height. The highest-yilding lines from RS/R/A2725 x virgatum and RS/R/A2725 x verticilliflorum were an average of 13.5% higher-yielding than RS/R/A2725 (a significant difference) and were equal in plant height. Selection increased BC2 mean grain yields by 6 to 27%. Population mean yield, mean yield of selected lines, and frequency of high-yielding lines were highest in the BC4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021895
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of groat-oil content and high-oil selection in oats (Avena sativa L.) (1985)
    Springer
    Euphytica 34 (1985), S. 251-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Avena sativa ; oats ; groat-oil content ; high-oil selection ; lipids ; gene action ; transgressive segregation ; recurrent selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The potential for breeding for high groat-oil content in oats was investigated by (a) conducting generation means analyses on data from three matings among adapted Avena sativa L. cultivars, (b) practicing one cycle of phenotypic recurrent selection in a segregating population derived from eight species backcrosses (Avena sativa x (A. sativa x A. sterilis)) among 24 parents, and (c) identifying transgressive segregates from interspecific (A. sativa x A. sterilis) matings. Additive gene action was the most important component in explaining the variation among generation means for groat-oil content. Dominance and epistatic interactions involving dominance were not significant in any mating. Significant residual genetic variation occurred in one mating, even after additive, dominance, and three digenic interactions were fitted. The importance of additive genes action implies that desired allelic combinations for high groat-oil content can be obtained in pure-line cultivars. One cycle of phenotypic recurrent selection using single plants as the selection units resulted in a genetic gain of 1.7 to 2.1% in groat-oil content. Individual plants selected for initiating the second cycle had from 9.5 to 12.6% groat oil. Over all 12 interspecific matings, the F2 progeny means were similar to the midparent values. Only two were significantly deviant. Transgressive segregates for high and low groat-oil content from these matings provided evidence that A. sterilis possesses alleles for high and low groat-oil content that are different from those in the gene pool of cultivated oats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022917
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth rate inheritance and associations with other traits in backcross populations of Avena sativa x A. sterilis (1977)
    Springer
    Euphytica 26 (1977), S. 309-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Avena sativa ; oats ; Avena sterilis ; interspecific cross ; growth rate ; straw yield ; grain yield ; heading date ; harvest index
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Improved grain yields in lines of oats from matings of Avena sativa x A. sterilis were found to be due to increased plant growth rate. Growth rates of oats were quantitatively inherited, with the minimum number of effective factor pairs segregating in the interspecific matings ranging from 3 to 9. Heritability values for this trait averaged 0.4. Growth rate was highly and positively correlated with bundle weight, straw yield, grain yield, and unit straw weight, but it was uncorrelated with heading date and harvest index. Correlations with plant height were low. Thus, it should be possible for oat breeders to combine the high growth rates from A. sterilis with any combination of agronomic traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026992
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgressive segregation in inter and intraspecific crosses of barley (1980)
    Springer
    Euphytica 29 (1980), S. 585-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; barley ; Hordeum spontaneum ; wild barley ; interspecific crosses ; harvest index ; grain yield ; effective factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Six populations of F2-derived lines of barley and their parents were evaluated for heading date, plant height, grain yield, bundle weight, and harvest index in a replicated experiment in the field. These data were used to estimate the minimum number of effective factor pairs segregating for each trait, the number of favorable factors contributed by each parent in a cross, and the frequencies and magnitudes of transgressive segregates. Heading date, plant height, and harvest index were controlled by three to four effective factor pairs, whereas grain yield and bundle weight were controlled by five or more. All three H. spontaneum strains used in our study contributed one or more useful genes for each of the traits, grain yield, heading date, plant height, bundle weight, and harvest index. Therefore, it seems that H. spontaneum can be a useful source of favorable genes for quantitative traits, especially for grain yield, which could be incorporated into barley varieties readily by backcrossing. Transgressive segregates for grain yield in the interspecific crosses may provide the basic materials for improving the productivity of cultivated barley varieties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023206
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein yield of oats as determined by protein percentage and grain yield (1985)
    Springer
    Euphytica 34 (1985), S. 21-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Avena sativa ; oats ; phenotypic correlations ; transgressive segregation ; protein yield ; grain yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Relationships among the traits protein percentage, grain yield, and protein yield of oats were studied with F2-derived lines in F3 and F4 from 27 matings obtained by crossing high-protein with high-yield oat lines. High-protein parents were (a) selections from an Avena sativa bulk, (b) selections from three-way matings in which an initial parent was A. sterilss, and (c) cultivars. High-yield parents were derived from backcross populations involving A. sterilis accessions as donor parents. Significnnt genetic variation existed among F2-derived lines for grain and protein yield in all matings and for protein percentage in all but one mating. Protein percentage had a highly significant negative correlation with grain yield (r=−0.33**) when pooled over all matings, but in five, these two traits were not correlated. Overall, protein percentage showed a small negative correlation with protein yield (r=−0.09*), and protein and grain yields had a high positive association (r=0.98**). F2-derived lines with both high protein percentage and high grain yield were obtained. High transgressive segregates for protein percentage occurred in two matings, for grain yield in nine, and for protein yield in 14. Most high transgressive segregates for protein yield were high because of high grain yield only, but in four matings, lines were found where protein yield was increased by concurrent increases in both protein percentage and grain yield. Only a few specific parental combinations between high-protein and high-yield parents produced segregates in which increased protein percentage contributed materially to high-protein yields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022860
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