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  • Candida albicans  (5)
  • Alien introgression  (2)
  • Life Sciences (General)
  • Springer  (7)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The alternate respiratory pathway of Candida albicans (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 116 (1978), S. 61-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Respiration ; Alternate oxidase ; Cytochrome c oxidase ; Candida albicans ; Cyanide and antimycin A insensitive respiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Candida albicans contains a cryptic cyanide and antimycin A insensitive respiratory system. This alternate oxidase was found (i) at all growth rates from μ=0.05 to 0.26 in a chemostat culture and (ii) in both mycelial and yeast forms of the organism. Neither chloramphenicol nor cycloheximide prevented the expression of the alternate oxidase. Salicyl-hydroxamic acid was a potent inhibitor of the cyanide insensitive respiration. The respiration of mitochondria grown in the presence of antimycin A was not inhibited by cyanide or antimycin A but was inhibited by salicylhydroxamic acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408734
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of chitin synthesis during germ-tube formation in Candida albicans (1980)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 125 (1980), S. 97-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: l-glutamine-d-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase ; Chitin synthase ; Chitin ; Candida albicans ; Germ-tube formation ; Dimorphism ; Polyoxin D
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis of chitin during germ-tube formation in Candida albicans may be regulated by the first and last steps in the chitin pathway: namely l-glutamine-d-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase and chitin synthase. Induction of germ-tube formation with either glucose and glutamine or serum was accompanied by a 4-fold increase in the specific activity of the aminotransferase. Chitin synthase in C. albicans is synthesized as a proenzyme. N-acetyl glucosamine increased the enzymic activity of the activated enzyme 3-fold and the enzyme exhibited positive co-operativity with the substrate, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine. Although chitin synthase was inhibited by polyoxin D (K i =1.2μM) this antibiotic did not affect germination. During germ-tube formation the total chitin synthase activity increased 1.4-fold and the expressed activity (in vivo activated proenzyme) increased 5-fold. These results could account for the reported 5-fold increase in chitin content observed during the yeast to mycelial transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00403204
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterisation of wheat-rye recombinants with RFLP and PCR probes (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1993), S. 1023-1028 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Alien introgression ; Wheat-rye recombinants ; Homoeologous recombination ; RFLP markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The introgression of genetic material from alien species into wheat has become an important tool in modern wheat breeding. Ideally, only the trait of interest and no flanking material should be transferred. Random recombination between the genetic material is therefore of paramount importance. In a model system, we examined 17 recombinants putatively between chromosome 1D of wheat and 1R of rye with 60 random RFLP and three PCR markers. The recombinants had been generated by removing the normal effect of the Ph1 gene in the wheat background. Amongst the nine short-arm recombinants, three breakpoints were identified but no differentiation could be made between the five proximal recombinants. For the eight long-arm recombinants analysed only two breakpoints were identified with 36 markers. However, only a single RFLP marker was able to differentiate between the recombinants. Indeed the long-arm results are consistent with the possibility that only the rye telomeric region had been transferred. These results indicate either a strong clustering of the RFLP markers near the centromere or else imply that recombination induced between wheat and rye in the absence of the normal effect of the Ph1 gene occurs at only restricted sites. The results allow new primary recombinants to be selected for intercrossing to generate secondary recombinants which are expected to have a smaller interstitial rye segment than that present in DR-A1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215043
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Controlled introgression to wheat of genes from rye chromosome arm 1RS by induction of allosyndesis (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 73 (1986), S. 197-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Alien introgression ; Cereal rye ; Homoeologous recombination ; ph1b mutant ; 5B nullisomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Chromosome pairing between rye chromosome arm 1RS, present in two wheat-rye translocation stocks, and its wheat homoeologues was induced by introducing the translocations into either a ph1bph1b or a nullisomic 5B background. This rye arm carries a gene conferring resistance to wheat stem rust, but lines carrying the translocation produce a poor quality dough unsuitable for breadmaking. Storage protein markers were utilised along with stem rust reaction to screen for allosyndetic recombinants. From a 1DL-1RS translocation, three lines involving wheat-rye recombination were recovered, along with thirteen lines derived from wheat-wheat homoeologous recombination. From a 1BL-1RS translocation, an additional three allosyndetic recombinants were recovered. Nullisomy for chromosome 5B was as efficacious as the ph1b mutant for induction of allosyndesis, and the former stock is easier to manipulate due to the presence of a 5BL-encoded endosperm protein. The novel wheat-rye chromosomes present in the recombinant lines may enable the rye disease resistance to be exploited without the associated dough quality defect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289275
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC) on the Cell Surface Hydrophobicity and Adherence of Candida albicansto Human Buccal Epithelial Cells in Vitro (1995)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 12 (1995), S. 1896-1900 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: Candida albicans ; cetylpyridinium chloride ; reduced adherence ; reduced cell surface hydrophobicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. This study examined the effects of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) on cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and adherence of blastospores of Candida albicans(MEN strain) to human buccal epithelial cells (EEC) in vitro. Methods. The effect of CPC treatment of either C. albicans blastospores or BEC on their subsequent adherence was determined using 35SO4 labelled blastospores in association with a Percoll™ gradient. The effects of CPC treatment of blastospores on their CSH was determined using Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography. Results. Treatment of exponential and stationary phase blastospores with CPC (50 µg mL−1) for 0.5–30 minutes, or with CPC (0.5–50 µg mL−1) for 15 minutes resulted in significant reductions in both blastospore CSH and adherence to BEC in vitro. No correlation was apparent (r 〈 0.8) between reduced CSH and reduced blastospore adherence following treatment with CPC (0.5–50 µg mL−1). Significantly reduced adherence of C. albicans (stationary or exponential growth phases) to human EEC was also observed following treatment of BEC with CPC (50 µg mL−1) for 0.5–30 minutes or with CPC (0.5–50 µg mL−1) for 15 minutes. Antiadherence effects were observed at both sub and super-minimum inhibitory concentrations of CPC. Conclusions. It is suggested that, whilst the ability of CPC to reduce the CSH of C. albicans may contribute to its reduced adherence to human BEC in vitro, reduced CSH is only one of several possible factors that contribute to the observed antiadherence effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016231620470
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and expression of Candida albicans ADE2 and proteinase genes on a replicative plasmid in C. albicans and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1992)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 235 (1992), S. 453-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Autonomously replicating plasmid ; Proteinase ; Candida albicans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A plasmid vector (denoted pRC2312) was constructed, which replicates autonomously in Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans. It contains LEU2, URA3 and an autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) from C. albicans for selection and replication in yeasts, and bla (ampicillin resistance) and ori for selection and replication in E. coli. S. cerevisiae AH22 (Leu−) was transformed by pRC2312 to Leu− at a frequency of 1.41 × 105 colonies per μg DNA. Transformation of C. albicans SGY-243 (Ura-) to Ura+ with pRC2312 resulted in smaller transformant colonies at a frequency of 5.42 × 103 per μg DNA where the plasmid replicated autonomously in transformed cells, and larger transformant colonies at a frequency of 32 per μg DNA, in which plasmid integrated into the genome. Plasmid copy number in yeasts was determined by a DNA hybridization method and was estimated to be 15±3 per haploid genome in S. cerevisiae and 2–3 per genome in C. albicans replicative transformants. Multiple tandem integration occurred in integrative transformants and copy number of the integrated sequence was estimated to be 7–12 per diploid genome. The C. albicans ADE2 gene was ligated into plasmid pRC2312 and the construct transformed Ade− strains of both C. albicans and S. cerevisiae to Ade+. The vector pRC2312 was also used to clone a fragment of C. albicans genomic DNA containing an aspartic proteinase gene. C. albicans transformants harboring this plasmid showed a two-fold increase in aspartic proteinase activity. However S. cerevisiae transformants showed no such increase in proteinase activity, suggesting the gene was not expressed in S. cerevisiae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279393
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and nucleotide sequence of an autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) element functional in Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1990)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 221 (1990), S. 210-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Candida albicans ; Autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) ; 5S rRNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary An 8.6-kb fragment was isolated from an EcoRI digest of Candida albicans ATCC 10261 genomic DNA which conferred the property of autonomous replication in Saccharomyces cervisiae on the otherwise non-replicative plasmid pMK155 (5.6 kb). The DNA responsible for the replicative function was subcloned as a 1.2-kb fragment onto a non-replicative plasmid (pRC3915) containing the C. albicans URA3 and LEU2 genes to form plasmid pRC3920. This plasmid was capable of autonomous replication in both S. cerevisiae and C. albicans and transformed S. cerevisiae AH22 (leu2 −) to Leu+ at a frequency of 2.15 × 103 transformants per pg DNA, and transformed C. albicans SGY-243 (Δura3) to Ura+ at a frequency of 1.91 × 103 transformants per μg DNA. Sequence analysis of the cloned DNA revealed the presence of two identical regions of eleven base pairs (5′TTTTATGTTTT3′) which agreed with the consensus of autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) cores functional in S. cerevisiae. In addition there were two 10/11 and numerous 9/11 matches to the core consensus. The two 11/11 matches to the consensus, CaARS1 and CaARS2, were located on opposite strands in a non-coding AT-rich region and were separated by 107 bp. Also present on the C. albicans DNA, 538 by from the ARS cores, was a gene for 5S rRNA which showed sequence homology with several other yeast 5S rRNA genes. A sub-fragment (494 bp) containing the 5S rRNA gene (but not the region containing the ARS cores) hybridized to genomic DNAs from a number of yeast species, including S. cerevisiae, C. tropicalis, C. pseudotropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. kruseii, C. (Torulopsis) glabrata and Neurospora crassa. The 709-bp ARS element (but not the 5S rRNA gene) was necessary for high-frequency transformation and autonomous plasmid replication in both S. cerevisiae and C. albicans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261723
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