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  • Transformation  (2)
  • 7460G  (1)
  • 7460J  (1)
  • Springer  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 17 (1998), S. 765-772 
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Microprojectile bombardment ; Mitotic index ; Somatic embryogenesis ; Transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Embryogenic cultures of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Jack and Asgrow A2872] were established in liquid Finer and Nagasawa medium, maintained by transfer to fresh medium at biweekly intervals, and subjected to microprojectile bombardment over time. Cultures were not amenable to transformation until they were at least 6 months old. Over time, different cell lines of the same genotype acquired very different culture phenotypes. Histological analysis of cell lines differing in transformation ability showed that the most transformable cultures had cytoplasmic-rich cells in the outermost layers of the tissue. In contrast, the outer layers of less transformable cultures contained cells with prominent vacuoles. Although fresh weight accumulation of the cultures was curvilinear during the 2-week subculture period, a burst of mitotic activity was evident shortly after transfer to fresh medium. This activity usually lasted from the 2nd to the 6th day following subculture, and peaked on the 4th day. Tissues at or near this stage always produced more transient expression of a reporter gene than did bombardments at other times. In addition, the cell lines most amenable to transformation also exhibited the highest mitotic index. Thus any treatment to increase the mitotic index, especially when the cell lines are less than 6 months old, may facilitate the transformation of cell lines from which efficient recovery of transgenic plants is still possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 319-324 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Soybean ; Glycine max (L) Merr. ; Transformation ; Particle bombardment ; Chromosomal aberrations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Some of the transgenic soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plants produced by bombarding embryogenic suspension cultures with DNA-coated particles exhibit morphological aberrations, including stunted plant growth, leathery dark green leaves and partialto-total seed sterility. In general, cultures from two Asgrow soybean lines (A2242, A2872) that were maintained for 8 months or longer produced primary transformants with reduced fertility. Cytological examination (mitotic pro-metaphase to metaphase chromosomes) of cells of suspension cultures, of roots from germinating somatic embryos, and of plants (R0 and R1) derived from A2242, revealed, besides diploidy (2n=40), various chromosomal aberrations such as deletions, duplications, trisomics and tetraploidy. Diploid transgenic plants with a normal karyotype from A2242 generally exhibited good fertility. No chromosomal abnormalities were observed in A2872-derived plants. However, plants regenerated from relatively old cultures of A2872 (more than 1 year in culture) showed a range of phenotypic abnormalities although they all contained 2n=40 chromosomes. These results indicate that soybean genotypes differ in their susceptibility to chromosomal instability induced by tissue culture. Therefore, chromosome analysis of cell cultures and the plants derived from them can help eliminate chromosomally and genetically abnormal material from gene-transfer experiments.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 105 (1996), S. 1067-1072 
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Keywords: 7460J ; 7460G ; 7430C
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Pinning and vortex dynamics have been investigated in the 3-dimensional copper free (K, Ba)BiO3superconductor (Tc ∼ 31K) by magnetization and transport measurements up to 30 Tesla. The magnetization curves present a pronounced fishtail effect which persists for time scales down to 10−4s (pulsed field measurements). We show that it is an intrinsic feature of the critical current which can in part be well described by the collective pinning theory. Furthermore, this system presents evidence for a vortex liquid /glass transition for vanishingly small currents. As the current density is increased, dissipation in the glass state is dominated by creep effects. The temperature and current dependence of the activation energy is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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