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  • grazing  (2)
  • peat  (2)
  • (iso-branched) C17 sphingoid-bases  (1)
  • 06A15  (1)
  • Springer  (6)
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  • Springer  (6)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic properties of dissolved humic substances - a reflection of land use history in a fen area (1999)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 47 (1999), S. 219-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: dissolved humic substances ; FTIR spectroscopy ; land use history ; peat ; synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy ; UV/VIS spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The elemental composition and spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids isolated from different sampling media (topsoil, ground and surface water) of a natural fen area (high portion of organic soils) were examined to reveal the effects of land use history. These effects need to be known if dissolved humic substances are to be a major factor in identifying the impact of present and future changes in land use. Dissolved fulvic acids (topsoil, groundwater) from highly degraded peatlands (due to a long-term agricultural use) exhibit lower C/N ratios, higher absorption in the UV spectra, and higher absorption at 1,620 cm−1 in the FTIR spectra compared with fulvic acids from relatively intact peatlands. These properties illustrate that long-term agricultural use with high inputs results in increased aromatic structures and a further humification of dissolved fulvic acids due to very strong peat decomposition compared with relatively intact peatlands. Synchronous fluorescence spectra also indicate the higher level of aromatic structures within fulvic acids isolated from sites with long-term agricultural use (high peat decomposition) compared with a land use history resulting in a lower peat decomposition. The different sources of fulvic acids in surface water (precipitation, runoff, interflow, groundwater) are the main reason for these effects not being detected in fulvic acids isolated from surface water. Short-term changes in land use characterized by a transition from crop farming to an unimproved grassland were found not to affect the spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids. A humification index deduced from the synchronous fluorescence spectra is proposed. We have strong evidence that dissolved humic substances indicate changes in the environmental conditions (both anthropogenic and natural) of wetlands with a high proportion of organic soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006134214244
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic properties of dissolved humic substances — a reflection of land use history in a fen area (1999)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 47 (1999), S. 219-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: dissolved humic substances ; FTIR spectroscopy ; land use history ; peat ; synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy ; UV/VIS spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The elemental composition and spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids isolated from different sampling media (topsoil, ground and surface water) of a natural fen area (high portion of organic soils) were examined to reveal the effects of land use history. These effects need to be known if dissolved humic substances are to be a major factor in identifying the impact of present and future changes in land use. Dissolved fulvic acids (topsoil, groundwater) from highly degraded peatlands (due to a long-term agricultural use) exhibit lower C/N ratios, higher absorption in the UV spectra, and higher absorption at 1,620 cm−1 in the FTIR spectra compared with fulvic acids from relatively intact peatlands. These properties illustrate that long-term agricultural use with high inputs results in increased aromatic structures and a further humification of dissolved fulvic acids due to very strong peat decomposition compared with relatively intact peatlands. Synchronous fluorescence spectra also indicate the higher level of aromatic structures within fulvic acids isolated from sites with long-term agricultural use (high peat decomposition) compared with a land use history resulting in a lower peat decomposition. The different sources of fulvic acids in surface water (precipitation, runoff, interflow, groundwater) are the main reason for these effects not being detected in fulvic acids isolated from surface water. Short-term changes in land use characterized by a transition from crop farming to an unimproved grassland were found not to affect the spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids. A humification index deduced from the synchronous fluorescence spectra is proposed. We have strong evidence that dissolved humic substances indicate changes in the environmental conditions (both anthropogenic and natural) of wetlands with a high proportion of organic soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994924
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On context patterns associated with concept lattices (1993)
    Springer
    Order 10 (1993), S. 363-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9273
    Keywords: 06B05 ; 06A15 ; Context ; arrow relation ; concept lattice ; context pattern ; strictly realizable context pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we consider the following reconstruction problem: Given two ordered sets (G, ≤) and (M, ≤) representing join- and meet-irreducible elements, respectively together with three relationsJ, , $${\hbox{\ \hbox{$\mid$}\kern -1em\lower .5em \hbox{$\leftarrow$}}} $$ onG×M modelling comparability (g≤m) and maximal noncomparability with respect tog (g≰m, butg≤m*) and with respect tom (g≰m, butg≤m*). We determine necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a finite latticeL and injections α:G→J(L) and β:M→M(L) such that the given order relations and the abstract relations coincide with the one induced by the latticeL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01108830
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of management on butterflies of rare grassland ecosystems in Germany (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of insect conservation 1 (1997), S. 125-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9753
    Keywords: grazing ; mowing ; fens ; hay-meadows ; conservation.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract Traditional hay-meadows in the Alps and fens at the edge of the Alps are habitats for many rare and endangered butterfly species. Conservation efforts aim at preserving these species, but the biotopes depend on regular mowing, which in turn requires intensive financial support. The feasibility of substituting mowing of these sites by grazing is discussed and considered as a more cost effective management type which produces agriculturally valuable goods as well. In this study the butterfly fauna of mown and grazed sites were compared. Species composition, species number, and the occurrence of rare species under the two management types were in most cases rather similar for both grassland ecosystems. Nevertheless, there are hints that for single rare species this might not be true. Additionally, at one site, grazing intensity on a former hay-meadow was too high to preserve the species-rich community. Overall the results are encouraging: grazing does not have to be as detrimental as formerly thought, although details (compartments of pastures, intensity) still have to be confirmed. Experimental grazing management of aban-doned grasslands of the studied types should be started.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018443412153
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of Maculinea rebeli and hostplant use on sites along the river Danube (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of insect conservation 2 (1998), S. 85-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9753
    Keywords: butterflies ; Gentiana cruciata ; management ; grazing ; Bavaria.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009601024873
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural analysis of neutral glycosphingolipids from Ascaris suum adults (Nematoda: Ascaridida) (1997)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 14 (1997), S. 389-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: arthro-series glycosphingolipids ; Ascaris suum ; (iso-branched) C17 sphingoid-bases ; neutral glycosphingolipids ; parasitic nematodes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The neutral glycosphingolipid fraction from adults of the pig parasitic nematode, Ascaris suum, was resolved into four components on thin-layer chromatography. The high-performance liquid chromatography-isolated components were structurally analysed by: methylation analysis; exoglycosidase cleavage; gas-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry; liquid secondary-ion mass spectrometry; and, in particular, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Their chemical structures were determined as: Glc(β1-1)ceramide, Man(β1-4)Glc(β1-1)ceramide, GlcNAc(β1-3)Man(β1-4)Glc(β1-1)ceramide and Gal(α1-3)GalNAc(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Man(β1-4)Glc(β1-1)ceramide; and were characterized as belonging to the arthro-series of protostomial glycosphingolipids. No glycosphingolipid component corresponding to ceramide tetrasaccharide was detected during these analyses. The ceramide composition of the parent glycosphingolipids was dominated by the 2-(R)-hydroxy C24:0 fatty acid, cerebronic acid, and C17 sphingoid-bases: 15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine and 15-methylhexadecaphinganine in approximately equal proportions. The component ceramide monohexoside was characterized by an additional 15-methylhexadecaphytosphingosine. Abbreviations: CDH, ceramide dihexoside; Cer, ceramide; CMH, ceramide monohexoside; CPH, ceramide pentahexoside; CTH, ceramide trihexoside; CTetH, ceramide tetrahexoside; Hex, hexose; HexNAc, N-acetylhexosamine; HPTLC, high-performance thin-layer chromatography; LSIMS, liquid secondary-ion mass spectrometry; MALDI-TOF-MS, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry; N-, Nz- and A-glyco(sphingo)lipids, neutral, neutralzwitterionic and acidic glyco(sphingo)lipids, respectively
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018530914067
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