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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anyons associated with the generalized braid groups (1994)
    Springer
    Letters in mathematical physics 31 (1994), S. 335-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0530
    Keywords: 20F36 ; 20F55 ; 81S10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We discuss the inequivalent quantization of a physical system with a configuration space which is a certain orbit space of the Coxeter group. The framework for the generalization of the anyon is given. Also, we construct a gauge field whose holonomy gives rise to the statistical factor of the corresponding anyon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00762797
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A low wall-loading DEMO reactor design with high priority for early and reliable realization of a tokamak fusion reactor over the cost performance (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of fusion energy 14 (1995), S. 353-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Keywords: DEMO fusion reactor ; inductively-driven long-pulse tokamak (IDLT) reactor ; austenitic stainless steel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Based on scientific databases adopted for designing ITER plasmas and on the advancement of fusion nuclear technology from the recent R&D program, a low wall-loading DEMO fusion reactor has been designed, where high priority has been given to the early and reliable realization of a tokamak fusion plasma over the cost performance. Since the major radius of this DEMO reactor is chosen to be 10 m, plasma ignition is achievable with a low fusion power of 0.8 GW and an operation period of 4–5 hours is available only with inductive current drive. The low ignition power makes it possible to adopt a first wall with an austenitic stainless steel, for which significant databases and operating experience exists, due to its use in the presence of neutron irradiation in fission reactors. In step with development of advanced materials, a step-wise increase of the fusion power seems to be feasible and realistic, because this DEMO reactor has the potential to produce a fusion power of ∼5 GW.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02214513
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of BaTiO3 ultrafine particles by micro-emulsion charring method (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 11 (2000), S. 139-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Ultrafine BaTiO3 particles were prepared by a micro-emulsion charring (MEC) method. The MEC method consisted of two steps. The first step is the preparation of a water/oil micro-emulsion with BaTiO3 elements, and the second is a low temperature firing process in N2 atmosphere, which includes charring of oil in an emulsion and powdering BaTiO3 particles with the char. The char formed around BaTiO3 particles prevents an agglomeration of BaTiO3 particles during firing. In the present experiment, the W/O ratio and the amount of emulsifier greatly influenced the size of droplets of the emulsion. The charring temperature was another important experimental factor in order to obtain the desired BaTiO3 particles. The finally obtained BaTiO3 charring powders were monodispersed spherical particles and the particle size was 0.1 μm to 0.5 μm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008929431606
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and assay of the toxic component from the crystals ofBacillus thuringiensis var.israelensis (1984)
    Springer
    Current microbiology 11 (1984), S. 171-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The 25-Kdal fragment of the 28-Kdal toxic protein extracted fromBacillus thuringiensis var.israelensis crystals was found to be responsible for the insecticidal, cytolytic, hemolytic, and mouse-lethal activities of the crude toxin extract. This activity was found to have no relation to the hemolysin produced by other strains ofB. thuringiensis. This protein was rich in the amino acids Asp and Glu, but did not contain Cys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01567344
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of poly(2,4-dichloro-6-vinyl-1,3,5-triazine-co-styrene)s as polymer supports containing two replaceable groups in monomer unit (1992)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 30 (1992), S. 1535-1540 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymer support ; dichlorotriazine ; cooperative effect ; pseudo crown ether ; phase transfer catalyst ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Poly(2,4-dichloro-6-vinyl-1,3,5-triazine-co-styrene)s were prepared by the reaction of poly(2,4-diamino-6-vinyl-1,3,5-triazine-co-styrene)s with hydrochloric acid, and followed by treatment with thionyl chloride and N,N-dimethylformamide. The chlorine atoms in the resulted polymers were replaced readily by several nucleophiles such as amide, alkoxide, and mercaptide to afford the corresponding polymers in moderate yields. Among these, polymers containing oligo (oxyethylene) groups at both 2 and 4 positions of 1,3,5-triazine ring worked effectively as phase transfer catalysts for the reaction of n-octyl bromide with alkali metal thiocyanates in toluene-water systems. However, polystyrenes containing only one oligo (oxyethylene) group in monomer unit scarcely exhibited the activity under these conditions although the degree of loading of the functional group was almost the same. The activity depended on the number of oxyethylene units, and the selectivity to alkali metal ions was also observed. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1992.080300804
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New materials in automotive tribology (1998)
    Springer
    Tribology letters 5 (1998), S. 13-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2711
    Keywords: automotive tribology ; tribo‐materials ; solid lubricants ; surface modification ; coatings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The rapid, world‐wide spread of automobiles has necessitated the development of improved technologies for environmental protection, resource utilization and customer satisfaction. As the designs of automotive components have changed, emphasis has shifted to tribological approaches. New tribo‐materials are needed for automotive components that must run at higher temperatures and higher [pressure] x.[velocity] conditions. This paper outlines current issues related to tribo‐materials in passenger cars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019100531912
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural analysis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) fibers prepared by drawing and annealing processes (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 36 (1998), S. 2471-2482 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) ; fibers ; wide-angle X-ray diffraction ; birefringence ; infrared dichroism ; Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Structure of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) fibers prepared by drawing and annealing processes has been analyzed through wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), density, infrared dichroism, and birefringence measurements. There are three different types of crystalline structure in these fibers: two of these are the two types of orthorhombic with different orientation modes (the ordinary c-axis orientation (c//Z), and the preferential orientation of c-axis to the direction perpendicular to the fiber axis (c⊥Z)); and the third is pseudohexagonal. The weight fractions of the three types of crystals and amorphous phase were analyzed combining the WAXD integrated intensity and density data. The relation between crystalline orientation factors obtained separately from the WAXD measurement and the infrared dichroic ratio is also discussed. The birefringence of these fibers shows negative and positive values, depending on drawing and annealing temperatures. Considering the intrinsic birefringence and weight fraction of the c//Z, c⊥Z, and pseudohexagonal crystals, birefringence of the amorphous phase was evaluated. The amorphous birefringence shows positive values and decreases with an increase in the annealing temperature. From the analyzed fiber structure, it was speculated that the c⊥Z and pseudohexagonal crystals are preferentially formed in the drawing process irrespective of the drawing temperature.© 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys. 36: 2471-2482, 1998
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular weight distribution of the methyl methacrylate (MMA) polymer separated from the MMA-grafted silk fiber (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 44 (1992), S. 2197-2202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The molecular weight distribution of poly-methyl methacrylate (poly-MMA) chains separated from MMA-grafted silk fibers obtained by using potassium persulfate (KPS) and tri-n-butylborane (TBB) as initiator of the graft-copolymerization reaction have been examined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). GPC elution pattern of poly-MMA chains shows a bimodal molecular weight distribution. The two peaks have been identified as heavy and light component. The average molecular weight of the heavy component ranges from 48.5 to 200 kD for poly-MMA copolymerized by the KPS reaction system and from 336 to 816 kD for the poly-MMA copolymerized by the TBB reaction system. The light component has an average molecular weight lower than 1,000 D and its value is almost similar in all the samples examined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed the presence of MMA oligomers formed on the fiber surface during grafting. The molar ratio between poly-MMA chains and silk fibroin attains a constant value that seems to be specific for a certain reaction system. A linear correlation has been observed between the weight gain and the average molecular weight of the poly-MMA chains. These findings suggest the effect of grafting parameters on the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the grafted polymer, as well as its influence on the physical properties and textile performances of MMA-grafted silk fibers.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070441216
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grafting of methyl methacrylate onto silk fibers initiated by tri-n-butylborane (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 43 (1991), S. 2115-2121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Structural characteristics of the methyl methacrylate (MMA)-grafted silk fibers using tri-n-butylborane as an initiator were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and their refractive index and tensile properties were measured. Graft polymerization was promoted by FeCl3 pretreatment of the silk. The graft yield reached a maximum by the immersion in 4% FeCl3 solution for 1 min at 25°C. The infrared spectrum of poly(MMA)-grafted silk fibers showed overlapped absorption bands of silk fibroin with the β structure and of the grafted MMA polymer. A grafted silk fiber with graft yield of more than 140% exhibited two endothermic peaks at 321°C and 396°C on the DSC curve, attributed to the thermal decomposition of silk fibroin and grafted poly(MMA) chain, respectively. Refractive index measurements suggested that the molecular orientation and the crystallinity of the silk fiber decreased with increasing graft yield. Electron photomicrographs showed that silk was coated by grafted PMMA. The tensile strength of the grafted silk decreased rapidly by the grafting even at a lower level.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070431119
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of organic peroxides on initial coloring of poly(vinyl chloride)Part of this work was presented at the Third International Symposium on Poly(vinyl Chloride), Cleveland, OH, August 10-15, 1980. (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 4879-4884 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride was studied using five organic peroxides which show similar polyerization rates. Initial coloring of polymers obtained depended on the kinds of peroxides and the amount of peroxides used. Initial coloring of PVC had no relation to water solubility of the peroxides, but depended greatly on their susceptibility to hydroysis. Organic peroxides with susceptibility to hydrolysis remained low in the polymer, and yielded PVC showing preferable initial coloring.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070271232
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