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  • Articles  (256)
  • Springer  (247)
  • Springer Nature  (9)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (256)
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  • Articles  (256)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2010-05-02
    Print ISSN: 0268-3768
    Electronic ISSN: 1433-3015
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 26 (1991), S. 151-157 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Thermal stabilities of these polymers are influenced by the nature of the 3d-metal and their initial decomposition temperatures are between 230–290°C in general. The dielectric constant values are essentially independent of the applied frequency and at 104 KHz reveal the trend: $$PMDA\mathop { - DP - }\limits_{(9.2)} Cr\left. {(III)} \right\rangle {\text{ PM}}\mathop {{\text{DA - D}}}\limits_{{\text{(8}}{\text{.7)}}} {\text{P - Fe}}\left. {{\text{(III)}}} \right\rangle {\text{ PM}}\mathop {{\text{DA - D}}}\limits_{{\text{(8}}{\text{.1)}}} {\text{P - Cu}}\left. {{\text{(II)}}} \right\rangle {\text{ P}}\mathop {{\text{MDA}}}\limits_{{\text{(8}}{\text{.0)}}} {\text{ - DP}}$$ Values for dielectric loss (tan δ) for these polymers are low (1–4×10-2 at 10 KHz) and unlike the dielectric constant, are strongly dependent on the applied frequency. The d.c.-conductivities of the polymers are in the range 4.5×10-8 – 4.7×10-10 (ohm-cm)-1 and depend on the metal ions: $$\left. {Fe^{3 + } } \right\rangle \left. {Cr^{3 + } } \right\rangle \left. {Ni^{2 + } } \right\rangle Cu^{2 + } $$
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Orientation of polymer chains ; mechanical properties ; birefringence ; deformation scheme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The computation of the orientational averages is a great problem in the case of semicrystalline polymers. In a previous communication [1] it has been shown that sinθ=f(λ) sinθ′ describes the orientational changes satisfactorily for a certain class of polymers. In this paper some alternative deformation schemes are also discussed. It has been concluded that birefringence provides a useful guideline in the choice of a deformation scheme.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 262 (1984), S. 623-626 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Orientation of polymer chains ; birefringence ; mechanical properties ; semicrystalline polymers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The mechanical properties of semicrystalline polymers are very much dependent on the molecular orientation. The orientation function to deal with the elastic moduli data of Hadley et al. (1969) are treated under new aspects. To determine the nature of orientation function from empirical data a relation of the form Sinθ=f (n) Sinθ′ is assumed to describe the change in the orientation angle of a unit from θ′ to θ for the draw ration. Birefringence experimental data are used to find the orientation functionf (n) which is then used to calculate elastic properties. The agreement of the experimental values ofE 0 andE 90 over the entire draw ratio range is found to be satisfactory for Nylon, low density polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate. This furnishes strong empirical evidence for the validity of the orientational model for the above substances.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 215 (1967), S. 47-52 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Ethylenedibiguanide complexes of silver(III), having perchlorate, nitrate and sulfate groups as respective anions, are capable of initiating aqueous vinyl polymerization in dark at elevated temperatures (35 °C or higher). Oxygen acts as an inhibitor. Initiator exponent value and overall energy of activation are 0.86 and 22 ±1.5 Kcals/mole respectively in case of perchlorate complex initiation. Hydroxyl endgroups have been found to be incorporated in polymers by the application of dye-technique developed byPalit. Near ultraviolet photoexcitation at low temperature is quite ineffective in bringing out such aqueous initiation. Thiourea has been found to be an efficient reductant, capable of forming redox initiation pairs with these complexes and presence of amino bearing endgroups has been detected in resulting polymer by the application of dye-technique. Based on these findings suitable mechanisms of initiation and termination have been proposed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Äthylendibiguanid-Komplexe von Silber (III), die Perchlorat-, Nitrat- und Sulfatgruppen als respektive Anionen besitzen, sind befähigt, bei höheren Temperaturen (35 °C oder höher) im Dunkeln eine Vinylpolymerisation im wäßrigen Medium zu initiieren. Sauerstoff wirkt als Inhibitor. Der Wert des Exponenten für den Initiator und die allgemeine Aktivierungsenergie betragen 0,86 bzw. 22±1,5 kcal/mol im Fall der Initiierung durch Perchlorat-Komplexe. Es wurde gefunden, daß Hydroxylendgruppen in das Polymere bei Anwendung von einer Farbstoff-Technik, entwickelt durchPalit, eingebaut werden. Anregung im nahen Ultraviolett bei tieferen Temperaturen ist völlig ineffektiv in der Initiierung solcher Polymerisationen im wäßrigen Medium. Thioharnstoff ist ein wirksames Reduktionsmittel, fähig zur Bildung von Redoxkomplexen; mit diesen Komplexen und bei Anwesenheit von Amino-Endgruppen ergeben sich Polymere bei Anwendung der Farb-Technik. Basierend auf diesen Ergebnissen werden geeignete Mechanismen für die Initiierung und für das Wachstum vorgeschlagen.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 95-99 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 77.20 ; 79.20 ; 85.30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of the frequency of the applied voltage on the breakdown of semiconductors is investigated. Unlike earlier observations, our experiment yields, in some cases, a breakdown voltage versus frequency curve which is similar in nature to the high-frequency breakdown characteristics in gas devices wherein the breakdown voltage shows a minimum at a certain frequency. A possible theoretical explanation for the above behaviour of semiconductor devices based on dielectric heating is given, which is in fair agreement with the observations.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 377-381 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 52 ; 77.20 ; 79.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the present paper an attempt has been made to draw theoretically a correlation between the well-known Paschen curve and the high-frequency breakdown characteristic of a gas device by interpreting electron mean free path in terms of the frequency of the applied field. The analytical high-frequency breakdown characteristic, so obtained, agree fairly well with the experimental results.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 07.79.Cz; 72.15.Gd; 71.30.+h
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: CO ) opens up in the density of states (DOS) near EF, below the charge-ordering transition. A gap comparable to the transport gap opens up in the paramagnetic state also. There is an absence of gap only in the ferromagnetic metallic state. We have measured the temperature dependence of these quantities.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 29 (2000), S. 553-563 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  Measurements of two-components of velocity in the wake of a square cylinder using a hot-wire anemometer are reported. Two Reynolds numbers, namely 8700 and 17,625, have been considered. The measurements were carried out in a low-speed, low-turbulence wind tunnel. Benchmark experiments at much lower Reynolds numbers show good agreement between the present experiments and published results. At higher Reynolds numbers, the experimental data reveal anticipated trends in terms of wake recovery and turbulence decay. Both velocity and velocity fluctuations show symmetry about the wake axis. The experimental data have been compared with the large eddy simulation (LES) calculation reported by Wang et al. [University of Illinois at Urbana – Champaign (1996) Report CFD 96-03] and LDV measurements of Lyn et al. [J Fluid Mech (1995) 304: 285–319]. The agreement among the three sets is generally acceptable in terms of the time-averaged velocity components, but not the velocity fluctuations. The turbulence fluctuations in the present experiments are seen to be lower than in the referred work. The differences have been traced to factors such as the aspect ratio, blockage ratio and upstream turbulence. Experiments with increased upstream turbulence did show a reduction in the discrepancy between the present experiments and the published data. An assessment of the experimental data in terms of physical mechanisms revealed that (a) streamwise normal stresses were correlated with the vortex centers, and (b) the turbulence kinetic energy profiles are similar to the turbulence shear stress. Spectral analysis of the velocity signals was carried out in the present work. Energy transfer from the mean flow to the streamwise velocity fluctuation was confirmed in the near wake. A redistribution of the kinetic energy between the streamwise and transverse components of velocity over a longer distance downstream was subsequently observed.
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