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  • Articles  (11)
  • Immunocytochemistry  (6)
  • gastrointestinal transit  (5)
  • Springer  (11)
  • Springer Nature
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  • Articles  (11)
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  • Springer  (11)
  • Springer Nature
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serotonin-immunoreactive visceral nerves and neurohemal system in the cockroach Periplaneta americana (L.) (1985)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 240 (1985), S. 593-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Visceral nerves ; Neurohemal system ; Periplaneta americana
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary By use of the indirect immunofluorescent technique applied to whole mounts of tissues and organs of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana, serotonin-like reactivity has been demonstrated in an extensive meshwork of fibers on the surface of nerves of the subesophageal ganglion and the tritocerebrum. This meshwork appears to serve the neurohemal release of serotonin. In addition, several of these nerves contain two or more centrally located axons that appear to be serotonergic. The corpora cardica show immunoreactivity but do not appear to be a principal release site for serotonin. The nerves and ganglia of the stomadeal nervous system show immunoreactivity for serotonin and provide serotonin-positive innervation to the salivary glands and the visceral muscles of the stomodeum and midgut. The heart, hindgut, Malpighian tubules, fat body, and skeletal muscles all appear to lack serotonin immunoreactivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216349
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoreceptor membrane turnover in the crayfish Cherax destructor: electron microscopy and anti-rhodopsin electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry (1990)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 262 (1990), S. 483-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Photoreceptor cells ; Rhodopsin ; Membrane recycling ; Cherax destructor (Crustacea)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Examination of the ultrastructure of retinula cells of the Australian crayfish Cherax destructor at different times over a 24-hour cycle, together with patterns of anti-rhodopsin antigenicity, has lead to the formulation of a model of photoreceptor membrane turnover in these animals. Its main features are: (a) the existence of two bursts of rhabdomeral membrane breakdown; one, light-sensitive and synchronous, occurring at dawn, the other, constituting the first part of the membrane replacement phase itself, occurring during the afternoon and night, (b) the desynchronisation of the replacement phase of turnover between animals and to a lesser extent between cells of the same retina, (c) confinement of ultrastructurally detectable signs of photoreceptor membrane processing to the retinula cells themselves, and (d) replacement of a substantial part if not all of the rhabdomeral membrane daily. This model is compatible with many of the observations reported on the American crayfish Procambarus, and utilises the same basic mechanisms that are believed to operate in photoreceptor membrane turnover in many other arthropod compound eyes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305244
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative study of leucokinin-immunoreactive neurons in insects (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 276 (1994), S. 69-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Vasopressin ; Diuresis ; Neurohemal organ ; Evolution ; Nauphoeta cinerea ; Aedes aegypti ; Acheta domesticus ; Schistocerca americana (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Antisera were raised against leucokinin IV, a member of the leucokinin peptide family. Immunohistochemical localization of leucokinin immunoreactivity in the brain of the cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea revealed neurosecretory cells in the pars intercerebralis and pars lateralis, several bilateral pairs of interneurons in the protocerebrum, and a group of interneurons in the optic lobe. Several immunoreactive interneurons were found in the thoracic ganglia, while the abdominal ganglia contained prominent immunoreactive neurosecretory cells, which projected to the lateral cardiac nerve. The presence of leucokinins in the abdominal nerve cord was confirmed by HPLC combined with ELISA. Leucokinin-immunoreactive neurosecretory cells were also found in the pars intercerebralis of the cricket Acheta domesticus and the mosquito Aedes aegypti, but not in the locust Schistocerca americana or the honey bee Apis mellifera. However, all these species have leucokinin-immunoreactive neurosecretory cells in the abdominal ganglia. The neurohemal organs innervated by abdominal leucokinin-immunoreactive cells were different in each species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00354786
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leucokinin and diuretic hormone immunoreactivity of neurons in the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, and co-localization of this immunoreactivity in lateral neurosecretory cells of abdominal ganglia (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 278 (1994), S. 493-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Neuropeptides ; Diuresis ; insects ; Neurosecretory cells ; Immunocytochemistry ; Manduca sexta (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Because leucokinins stimulate diuresis in some insects, we wished to identify the neurosecretory cells in Manduca sexta that might be a source of leucokinin-like neurohormones. Immunostaining was done at various stages of development, using an antiserum to leucokinin IV. Bilateral pairs of neurosecretory cells in abdominal ganglia 3–7 of larvae and adults are immunoreactive; these cells project via the ipsilateral ventral nerves to the neurohemal transverse nerves. The immunoreactivity and size of these lateral cells greatly increases in the pharate adult, and this change appears to be related to a period of intensive diuresis occurring a few days before adult eclosion. Relationships of these neurons to cells that are immunoreactive to a M. sexta diuretic hormone were also investigated. Diuretic hormone and leucokinin immunoreactivity are co-localized in the lateral neurosecretory cells and their neurohemal projections. A median pair of leucokinin-immunoreactive, and a lateral pair of diuretic hormone-immunoreactive neurons in the larval terminal abdominal ganglion project to neurohemal release sites within the cryptonephridium. The immunoreactivity of these cells is lost as the cryptonephridium is eliminated during metamorphosis. This loss appears to be related to the change from the larval to adult pattern of diuresis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050238
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leucokinin and diuretic hormone immunoreactivity of neurons in the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, and co-localization of this immunoreactivity in lateral neurosecretory cells of abdominal ganglia (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 278 (1994), S. 493-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neuropeptides ; Diuresis, insects ; Neurosecretory cells ; Immunocytochemistry ; Manduca sexta (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Because leucokinins stimulate diuresis in some insects, we wished to identify the neurosecretory cells in Manduca sexta that might be a source of leucokinin-like neurohormones. Immunostaining was done at various stages of development, using an antiserum to leucokinin IV. Bilateral pairs of neurosecretory cells in abdominal ganglia 3–7 of larvae and adults are immunoreactive; these cells project via the ipsilateral ventral nerves to the neurohemal transverse nerves. The immunoreactivity and size of these lateral cells greatly increases in the pharate adult, and this change appears to be related to a period of intensive diuresis occurring a few days before adult eclosion. Relationships of these neurons to cells that are immunoreactive to a M. sexta diuretic hormone were also investigated. Diuretic hormone and leucokinin immunoreactivity are co-localized in the lateral neurosecretory cells and their neurohemal projections. A median pair of leucokinin-immunoreactive, and a lateral pair of diuretic hormone-immunoreactive neurons in the larval terminal abdominal ganglion project to neurohemal release sites within the cryptonephridium. The immunoreactivity of these cells is lost as the cryptonephridium is eliminated during metamorphosis. This loss appears to be related to the change from the larval to adult pattern of diuresis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331367
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-actin immunoreactivity is retained in rhabdoms of Drosophila ninaC photoreceptors (1990)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 260 (1990), S. 431-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Actin ; Cytoskeleton ; Immunocytochemistry ; Photoreceptor cells ; Drosophila melanogaster (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Drosophila ninaC mutation produces small rhabdomeres with the axial filament of the microvillar cytoskeleton reduced or missing. Using post-embedding immunogold labelling of LR White-embedded eyes, we show that several alleles of this mutation retain positive anti-actin immunoreactivity in the rhabdomeres, comparable to that of wild-type flies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297222
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of density on the gastric emptying of single- and multiple-unit dosage forms (1986)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 3 (1986), S. 208-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: gastrointestinal transit ; pellet density ; floating formulations, gastric emptying
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The gastric emptying of pellets and single units of different densities has been followed in healthy subjects using the technique of gamma scintigraphy. The gastric emptying of the light pellets was affected by their buoyancy in the upper part of the stomach. However, the mean gastric emptying rates of pellets and single units were not significantly affected by density. Floating or buoyant delivery systems may have little advantage over conventional systems. The presence of food in the stomach was found to be the major factor in determining the gastric emptying of single units.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016334629169
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of Phenylpropanolamine Bioavailability with Gastrointestinal Transit by Scintigraphic Monitoring of 111In-Labeled Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose Matrices (1989)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 6 (1989), S. 274-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: bioavailability ; scintigraphy ; gastrointestinal transit ; controlled release ; phenylpropanolamine ; hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two controlled-release hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) matrix formulations, a single-unit and a multiple-unit system, have been evaluated in human volunteers. Both formulations contained the sympathomimetic drug phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride and each was radiolabeled with 111Inbound Amberlite IR 120 ion-exchange resin. The formulations were administered to each of six healthy male volunteers and gastrointestinal (GI) transit was monitored using a gamma camera. Serum samples were taken at set time intervals and assayed for phenylpropanolamine content, thus allowing blood drug levels to be correlated with the position of the dosage form in the GI tract. The multiple-unit system emptied from the stomach gradually over a period of about 180 min, when administered after a light breakfast, whereas the single-unit dosage forms had extremely variable gastric emptying times (range, 60 to 〉570 min). However, both formulations provided prolonged phenylpropanolamine blood levels. The differences in the blood profiles obtained with the two formulations were attributed to variations in their in vitro release rates and not to any differences in their GI transit times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015986121822
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in Gastrointestinal Transit of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms in Healthy Subjects (1991)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 8 (1991), S. 360-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: gamma scintigraphy ; variability ; gastrointestinal transit ; pharmaceutical dosage forms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The variability in the gastrointestinal transit of a multiple-unit and single-unit dosage form was investigated following a light breakfast in six, healthy, male volunteers after repeated weekly administration. The dosage forms were labeled with gamma-emitting radionuclides and the transit of the formulations was monitored on 4 separate study days using the technique of dual-isotope gamma scintigraphy. Gastric emptying times and small intestinal transit times were calculated and compared statistically within and between subjects using the standard deviation and coefficient of variance. The variability in gastric emptying of single- and multiple-unit systems was large; the intrasubject variation being less than the intersubject. There was less variation in small intestinal transit times for the single- and multiple-unit formulations than in gastric emptying, intrasubject variation again being less than intersubject variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015849700421
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Vivo Evaluation of Enteric-Coated Naproxen Tablets Using Gamma Scintigraphy (1992)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 9 (1992), S. 1436-1441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: naproxen ; enteric-coated tablets ; samarium-153 ; neutron activation ; gastrointestinal transit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Seven healthy, male volunteers were entered into a randomized, open crossover study of the gastrointestinal transit of two enteric-coated 500-mg naproxen tablets. Two radiolabeled tablets were given to each volunteer on two occasions separated by 7 days, once in the fasted state and once after breakfast. Radiolabeling of tablets was achieved by the incorporation of samarium-152 oxide during manufacture, followed by neutron activation of the tablet to produce the gamma-emitting isotope samarium-153. No loss of tablet integrity was seen in the stomach and all tablets disintegrated in the small intestine. Onset of tablet disintegration was controlled predominantly by gastric emptying. Time in the small intestine prior to tablet disintegration was independent of food intake. Naproxen blood levels with time were consistent with the delayed release of naproxen from the tablets. Overall, transit, disintegration, and absorption were as expected from an enteric-coated tablet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015858829187
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