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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lieblingsspeisen und Einflüsse auf die Nahrungspräferenzen von Kindergartenkindern (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 35 (1996), S. 143-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: Nahrungspräferenzen ; Verzehrsgewohnheiten ; Lieblingsspeisen ; Ernährungserziehung ; sozial-kulturell ; Food preferences ; eating habits ; favorite foods ; nutritional education ; sociocultural data
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary This study was conducted by the Technical University of Munich-Weihenstephan on behalf of the Department of Education of the city of Munich. A total of 82 children as well as their parents and 23 kindergarten teachers in five Munich kindergartens were questioned about their food preferences, and their sociocultural data were gathered. The results showed that the nationality and the religion of the mother were fundamental to the origin and consolidation of the eating habits of the children. Other important und influencing factors were: the peer group and the teachers in the kindergarten, the father's job, the sex and the age of the children. When comparing the food preferences of the children and their role models, it was found that the preferences and aversions were more similar to those of their own mothers/teachers/members of the peer group than to those of children of other peer groups, other parents or other teachers.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im Auftrag des Schulreferats der Stadt München wurden an der Technischen Universität München-Weihenstephan insgesamt 83 Kinder sowie deren Eltern und 23 Erzieherinnen in 5 Münchner Kindergärten zu ihren Nahrungspräferenzen befragt und ihre sozial-kulturellen Einflüsse untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, daß die Staatsangehörigkeit und Religion der Mutter wesentlich zur Entstehung und Festigung der Verzehrsgewohnheiten von Kindern beitragen. Als weitere wichtige Einflußfaktoren erwiesen sich die Kindergartengruppe, der Beruf des Vaters, das Geschlecht und das Alter der Kinder. Beim Vergleich der Nahrungspräferenzen von Kindern und ihren Bezugspersonen zeigte sich, daß die Vorlieben und Abneigungen von Kindern und ihren eigenen Müttern/Erzieherinnen/Gruppenkameraden ähnlicher waren als die von Kindern und Müttern/Erzieherinnen/Gruppenkameraden anderer Kindergartenkinder. Daraus wird der Schluß gezogen, daß die eigene Mutter und Bezugspersonen einen hohen Einfluß bei der Ausprägung von Nahrungspräferenzen haben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01622862
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organic second-order non-linear optical materials and devices (1990)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 22 (1990), S. 297-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Organic second-order nonlinear materials are currently receiving considerable attention for fabrication of frequency mixing and electro-optic devices. In this paper the key concepts in the development of organic nonlinear materials and waveguide device design are introduced. The recent advances in nonlinear waveguides for frequency doubling and electro-optic devices are reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02189214
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors influencing grape worker susceptibility to skin rashes (1985)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 35 (1985), S. 418-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01636532
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between newly synthesized proteins and DNA puff patterns in salivary glands of Rhynchosciara americana (1977)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 61 (1977), S. 193-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An analysis of the polypeptides synthesized in the salivary glands of late fourth instar R. americana larvae was accomplished by the use of electrophoresis followed by fluorography of in vitro labelled proteins. It was possible to detect five polypeptides which are synthesized only when the giant DNA puffs occur. One of these polypeptides was tentatively assigned to DNA puff B2 and another to the DNA puff C3. This assignment was based on correlations of polypeptide labelling, puffing patterns and RNA synthesizing capacity of the puffs in different sections of the gland during development. The possible meanings and implications of these DNA puffs are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292804
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The abdominal muscle receptor organ in Astacus leptodactylus (Crustacea) (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 202 (1979), S. 41-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Abdominal muscle receptor organ ; Dendrites ; Fine structure ; Crayfish
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The structure of both the slow- and the fast-adapting abdominal muscle receptor organ of Astacus leptodactylus is described with particular reference to differences between the two systems. The receptors are composed of a thin muscle that extends from the front edge of one segment to the front edge of the following and a sensory cell connected with this muscle. In the zone where the sensory cells enter their respective muscle, muscle fibers are reduced (zone of relative muscle exclusion=ZRME) and partly replaced by connective tissue. The occurrence of dendritic processes of both the slow and the fast neurons is confined to this zone. The following differences between the two receptor types are established: (1) The fast receptor muscle reveals a smaller sarcomere length than the slow receptor muscle and a higher myosin/actin filament ratio. (2) Muscle fibers that pass the ZRME are always found at its periphery in the fast system, separated from dendritic processes by layers of connective tissue, while in the slow system muscle fibers frequently are intermingled with the sensory elements. (3) The ZRME of the slow receptor is 20–30% longer than that of the fast receptor. (4) The dendritic varicosities of the slow neuron, on an average, contain many more mitochondria than those of the fast neuron. (5) Dendritic processes (fine twigs as well as varicosities) are juxtaposed to the sarcolemma of the muscle fibers only in the slow system; in the fast system dendrites and muscle are spatially separated by connective tissue. It is assumed that these differences between the two receptor types arep at least in part responsible for the different thresholds observed in physiological experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239220
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cadmium adsorption by non-living biomass of the semi-macroscopic brown alga,Ectocarpus siliculosus, grown in axenic mass culture and localisation of the adsorbed Cd by transmission electron microscopy (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 6 (1994), S. 479-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: cadmium adsorption ; Ectocarpus siliculosus ; growth conditions ; adsorption parameters ; regeneration ; electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Non-living, freeze-dried material of the brown algaEctocarpus siliculosus (Phaeophyceae) demonstrated high equilibrium uptake of Cd from aqueous solutions (Fehrmann & Pohl, 1993). The alga was grown in 250-L photobioreactors under various growth conditions (light, salinity and nutrient concentrations) in order to obtain larger quantities of biomass and to improve its Cd adsorption capacity. To derive further knowledge on the biosorbant phenomenon different adsorption parameters such as pH for the sorption process and kinetics of Cd adsorption were tested. The maximum adsorption capacity of the freeze-dried biomass exceeded 41 mg Cd per g biomass. After repeated addition of low Cd concentrations the maximum adsorption capacity was lower (31.4 mg Cd per g biomass). In comparison with other adsorbing materials (activated carbon, silica gel, siliceous earth)E. siliculosus showed significantly higher adsorption capacity. Desorption of deposited Cd with 0.1 M HCl resulted in no changes of the adsorption capacity through five subsequent adsorption-/desorption-cycles. Hence, driedE. siliculosus appears to be an efficient material for the elimination of Cd from industrial waste water. Transmission electron microscopic investigations showed an electron dense area in the outer surface layers of the cell wall after Cd adsorption indicating the most likely location of Cd fixation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02182402
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural findings on lipoproteinsin vitro and in xanthomatous tissue (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 10 (1978), S. 299-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Synopsis The application of OsO4 plus K3[Fe(CN)6] as a secondary fixative following aldehyde fixation, permitted demonstration of the presence of 30–300 nm ‘membrane-bound’ particles in xanthomatous tissue. With the same fixation method, isolated low density lipoprotein particles in a fibrin matrix could be observed in the transmission electron microscope in a way permitting comparison with similarly fixed tissue. However, isolated particles of very low density lipoproteins treated in the same way as low density particles had an irregular appearance and a diameter varying between 30 and 80 nm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01007561
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nature-Inspired Novel and Radical Computing (2000)
    Springer
    BT technology journal 18 (2000), S. 73-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1995
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The traditional 'Von Neumann' computing architecture is serial and digital. This way of organising things has proved to be very powerful and has allowed spectacular progress in computation, riding on the back of spectacular increases in speed of the central processor. Though the Von Neumann model has outstripped futurologists' dreams in its favoured domains, it has failed to meet expectations in others. Highly parallel, asynchronous, distributed problems highlight its weaknesses. Such complexity is inevitable in today's highly connected networks and dynamic environments with information asymmetries and delays, and myriad interactions among components. There are two ways to address the shortcomings in difficult but important problem domains like these. One is to increase the speed of traditional computing. This is being done, with year-on-year increases in hardware and software performance. The second is to seek new computational architectures which address problems more efficiently. This is also an active research area, and it is the subject of this paper. We are drawing inspirations from nature to deal with the twin challenges of parallel asynchronous problem domains and network system complexity that characterise the information age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026525905077
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strength functions of primary transitions following thermal neutron capture in strontium (1989)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 332 (1989), S. 397-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.20.Js ; 25.40.Lw ; 27.50.+e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The primaryE1,M1 andE2γ-radiation in87,88,89Sr observed after thermal neutron capture was compared with the predictions of single particle and giant resonance models. The nuclei feature a wide range of neutron binding energies between 6.3 and 11.1 MeV, which makes a 5.5 MeV spectrum of primary transition energies available for investigation. The (n, γ) reaction was used to estimate the parameters of the spin-flip M1 giant resonance in strontium. The total energy weightedM1 strength of this resonance exceeds the results of shell model and random phase approximation calculations for90Zr by a factor of 3–4. TheE1 strengths were found to agree with the established giant dipole resonance model. The few data on primaryE2 transitions do not allow to differentiate between the giant quadrupole resonance and the single particle models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01292425
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study on peroxidatic activity in inflammatory cells on cutaneous and peritoneal implants (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 197 (1979), S. 397-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Peroxidatic activity ; Macrophages ; Multinucleated giant cells ; Skin ; Peritoneal cavity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Inflammatory reactions were evoked by simultaneous implantation of pieces of Melinex plastic in the subcutaneous tissues of the dorsum and in the peritoneal cavity of rats. The cellular composition of the Melinex-adherent cells and their peroxidatic (PO) activity were investigated in relation to the duration of implantation. Several striking differences were found between the subcutaneous and peritoneal implants. On the 7th and 14th days, multinucleated giant cells were abundantly present on the subcutaneous implants, whereas they were relatively rare on the peritoneal implants. The subcutaneous implants bore no mast cells and only a few eosinophilic granulocytes, but both types of cell were observed frequently on the peritoneal implants. Macrophages and multinucleated giant cells on the subcutaneous implants show PO activity only in the granules or are PO negative. On the peritoneal implants three types of macrophages can be distinguished: exudate macrophages which have PO activity restricted to granules or are PO-negative; macrophages with PO activity in granules and both the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and nuclear envelope; and resident macrophages with PO activity only in the RER and nuclear envelope. In addition, two types of multinucleated giant cells are found, one with and the other without PO activity in the RER and nuclear envelope. Multinucleated giant cells with PO activity in the RER and nuclear envelope as well as exudate macrophages with PO activity in the RER and nuclear envelope were mainly found 32 h and 3 days after implantation of the Melinex in the peritoneal cavity. These findings are discussed in the light of current knowledge of the PO activity in macrophages and multinucleated giant cells. It is concluded that the appearance of PO activity in the RER and nuclear envelope of exudate macrophages and multinucleated giant cells is in all probability a transient phenomenon, and that there is no objective evidence to support the opinion that exudate macrophages with PO activity in the RER and nuclear envelope are transitional cells between exudate and resident macrophages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233565
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