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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paraelectric-antiferroelectric phase transition in titanite, CaTiSiO5 (1991)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 17 (1991), S. 591-603 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The paraelectric to antiferroelectric phase transition in titanite at ∼500 K involves a displacement of the titanium atom from the center of the [TiO6] octahedron in the paraelectric phase (A2/a) to an off-center position in the antiferroelectric (P2 1/a) phase. We have carried out a detailed single crystal high temperature x-ray diffraction study of the phase transition including structure refinements at 294, 350, 400, 430, 440, 450, 500, 600, and 700 K. The unit cell dimensions show a pronounced hysteresis effect in the 450–500 K range on heating and cooling during the first cycle along with a reduction of the transition temperature, T c from 495 ± 5 K on heating to 445 ± 5 K on cooling. The hysteresis effect disappears on further heating and the superstructure reflections show residual intensities above T c (445 K). An order parameter treatment of the phase transition is presented in terms of Landau theory and induced representation theory. The Ti-displacements parallel and antiparallel to a are taken as the primary order parameter η, which transforms as the Y 2 + representation. A coupling of Y 2 + with T 1 + results in the linear-quadratic coupling of the spontaneous strain components, ɛ ij with η. The Ti-displacements are coupled linearly to the Cadisplacements. Both sets of displacements predicted from induced representation theory are observed experimentally. The phase transition is initially driven by the soft mode at the zone boundary point Y 2 + ; near T c critical fluctuations set in and an order-disorder mechanism finally drives the phase transition, whereby parallel and antiparallel Ti-displacements related by [0, 1/2, 1/2] in adjacent domains are dynamically interchanged. Immediately above T c , the high temperature (A2/a) phase is a statistical average of small dynamic antiphase domains of the low temperature (P2 1/a) phase. Vacancies and defects pinning the domain boundaries may drastically alter the transition behavior and affect the domain mobility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203838
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Change in the fractal dimension of the grain boundaries in pure Zn polycrystals during creep (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 33 (1998), S. 5747-5757 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The effects of creep deformation on the shape of grain boundaries were investigated on pure Zn polycrystals at 373 K. The fractal dimension of the grain boundaries D(1≤D≤2) was estimated by the box-counting method. There was then discussion on the relationship between the value of D, the microstructures, and the creep or plastic strain in the deformed specimens of metallic materials. The fractal dimension of the grain boundaries (D) increased with increasing the creep strain in pure Zn polycrystals, but the increase in the value of D levelled off when the creep strain exceeded about 0.30. The value of D decreased as the creep stress decreased. The increase in the value of D with the creep strain was correlated with the increase in the density of slip lines in the grains that formed the ledges and steps on grain boundaries. The value of D on the plane in parallel with the tensile axis was slightly larger than that on the plane transverse to the tensile axis. The mean shear strain on grain boundaries estimated from the value of D was correlated with the creep or plastic strain in the deformed specimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004433527468
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the creep deformation on the fractal dimension of the grain boundaries in an austenite steel (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 33 (1998), S. 3351-3359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The change in the fractal dimension of the grain boundaries during creep was investigated using an austenitic SUS304 steel at 973 K. The fractal dimension of the grain-boundary surface profile (the fractal dimension of the grain boundaries, D, 1 〈 D 〈 2) in the plane parallel to the tensile direction (in the parallel direction) and in the transverse direction, was examined on specimens deformed up to rupture (about 0.30 creep strain). Grain boundaries became serrated and the fractal dimension of the grain boundaries increased with increasing creep strain, because the density of slip lines which formed ledges and steps on grain boundaries increased as the creep strain increased. The increase in the fractal dimension due to creep deformation was slightly larger under the higher stress (118 MPa) than under the lower stress (98 MPa), while the increase of the fractal dimension with strain was a little larger in the specimens tensile-strained at room temperature (293 K) than in the crept specimens. These results were explained by the grain-boundary sliding and the diffusional recovery near grain boundaries, which lowered the increase of the fractal dimension with the creep strain. The fractal dimension of the grain boundaries in the parallel direction was slightly larger than that in the transverse direction in both creep at 973 K and tensile deformation at room temperature, especially at the large strains. This could be correlated with the shape change of the grains by creep or plastic deformation. Grain-boundary cracks were principally initiated at grain-boundary triple junctions in creep, but ledges, steps and carbide precipitates on serrated grain boundaries were not preferential nucleation sites for the cracks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013241531412
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vasopressin induces arachidonic acid release through pertussis toxin-sensitive GTP-binding protein in aortic smooth muscle cells: Independence from phosphoinositide hydrolysis (1993)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 53 (1993), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: arachidonic acid ; phospholipase A2 ; phosphoinositide ; phospholipase C ; GTP-binding protein ; pertussis toxin ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: We previously reported that pertussis toxin (PTX) had little effect on arginine vasopressin-induced formation of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) in rat aortic smooth muscle cells [Kondo et al.: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 161:677-682, 1989]. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of vasopressin-induced arachidonic acid release in rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Vasopressin stimulated both the release of arachidonic acid and the formation of IP3 dose dependently in the range between 10 pM and 1 μM. The effect of vasopressin on arachidonic acid release was more potent than that on the formation of IP3. Quinacrine, a phospholipase A2 inhibitor, significantly suppressed the vasopressin-induced arachidonic acid release but had little effect on the formation of inositol phosphates. NaF, a GTP-binding protein activator, mimicked vasopressin by stimulating the arachidonic acid release. The arachidonic acid release stimulated by a combination of vasopressin and NaF was not additive. PTX partially but significantly suppressed the vasopressin-induced arachidonic acid release. In the cell membranes, PTX catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of a protein with an Mr of about 40,000. Pretreatment of membranes with 0.1 μM vasopressin in the presence of 2.5 mM MgCl2 and 100 μM GTP markedly attenuated this PTX-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of the protein in a time-dependent manner. These results strongly suggest that PTX-sensitive GTP-binding protein is involved in the coupling of vasopressin receptor to phospholipase A2 in primary cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240530210
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prostaglandin F2α activates phospholipase D independently from activation of protein kinase C in osteoblast-like cells (1994)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 55 (1994), S. 373-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: prostaglandin F2α ; phospholipase D ; protein kinase C ; pertussis toxin ; GTP-binding protein ; osteoblast ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: We previously reported that prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) receptor is coupled to pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive GTP-binding protein (G protein) in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells [Miwa et al. (1990): Biochem Biophys Res Commun 171:1229-1235]. In the present study, we examined the effect of PGF2α on the activation of phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D in MC3T3-E1 cells. PGF2α stimulated the formation of choline in a dose-dependent manner in the range between 10 nM and 10 μM. The formation of choline was stimulated by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester. 4α-Phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, a PKC-nonactivating phorbol ester, had little effect on choline formation. The formation of choline stimulated by a combination of PGF2α and TPA was additive. Staurosporine, an inhibitor for protein kinases, which inhibited the effect of TPA on choline formation, dose-dependently enhanced the formation of choline induced by PGF2α. NaF, an activator of G protein, stimulated the formation of choline. The formation of choline stimulated by a combination of PGF2α and NaF was not additive. NaF-induced formation of choline was dose-dependently enhanced by staurosporine. PTX dose-dependently inhibited the PGF2α-induced formation of choline. These results strongly suggest that PGF2α activates phospholipase D independently from the activation of PKC in osteoblast-like cells and PTX-sensitive G protein is involved in the PGF2α-induced phospholipase D activation. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240550315
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucocorticoid amplifies vasopressin-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis in aortic smooth muscle cells (1995)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 57 (1995), S. 522-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: glucocorticoid ; vasopressin ; angiotensin II ; phosphoinositide ; protein kinase C ; aortic smooth muscle cells ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: It has been reported that glucocorticoid modifies phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis stimulated by vasoactive agents in vascular smooth muscle cells. In the present study, we investigated the point at which glucocorticoid affects vasopressin-induced PI hydrolysis in primary cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells. The pretreatment with dexamethasone significantly amplified the formation of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) induced by vasopressin in a dose-dependent manner in a range of 1 pM to 10 nM. The effect of dexamethasone was dependent on the time of pretreatment up to 8 h. Dexamethasone had little effect on the number of vasopressin receptor and its affinity to vasopressin. The pretreatment with dexamethasone also amplified the formation of IP3 induced by NaF, a GTP-binding protein activator, or angiotensin II. 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester, significantly reduced the dexamethasone-induced enhancement of IP3 formation stimulated by vasopressin, angiotensin II or NaF. 4α-Phorbol-12, 13-didecanoate, a PKC-nonactivating phorbol ester, had little effect on the enhancement by dexamethasone. These results strongly suggest that glucocorticoid amplifies vasopressin-induced PI hydrolysis at a point downstream from GTP-binding protein in primary cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells, and that the activation of PKC has a negative feedback effect on the amplification by glucocorticoid of vasopressin-induced PI hydrolysis.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240570317
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CBFa(AML/PEBP2)-related elements in the TGF-β type I receptor promoter and expression with osteoblast differentiation (1998)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 69 (1998), S. 353-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: AML/CBF/PEBP2 ; CBFa1 ; differentiation ; osteoblasts ; regulatory elements ; transforming growth factor-β ; receptor ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Organization of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) type I receptor (TRI) promoter predicts constitutive transcription, although its activity increases with differentiation status in cultured osteoblasts. Several sequences in the rat TRI promoter comprise cis-acting elements for CBFa (AML/PEBP2α) transcription factors. By gel mobility shift and immunological analyses, a principal osteoblast-derived nuclear factor that binds to these sites is CBFa1(AML-3/PEBP2αA). Rat CBFa1 levels parallel expression of the osteoblast phenotype and increase under conditions that promote mineralized bone nodule formation in vitro. Fusion of CBFa binding sequence from the TRI promoter to enhancer-free transfection vector increases reporter gene expression in cells that possess abundant CBFa1, and overexpression of CBFa increase the activity of transfected native TRI promoter/reporter plasmid. Consequently, phenotype-restricted use of cis-acting elements for CBFa transcription factors can contribute to the high levels of TRI that parallel osteoblast differentiation and to the potent effects of TGF-β on osteoblast function. J. Cell. Biochem. 69:353-363. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of subnanometre surface layers on polymer films by surface-enhanced infrared transmission spectroscopy (1992)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 18 (1992), S. 481-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Identification of subnanometre surface layers on polymer films, which are only analysable by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) or secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), have been demonstrated by the use of transmission surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy with the use of silver island films: 1.0 nm thick polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or 0.5 nm thick polymethylphenylsiloxane (PMPHS) surface layers, which are semisolid materials, on polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) films were successfully identifiable with the use of transmission SEIRA by measuring the PDMS or PMPHS that was transferred onto the silver-deposited BaF2 substrates under pressure. This approach completely eliminates strong spectral interference from PET films by measuring the transferred surface layer and greatly improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the surface layer absorption with the use of silver island films. The detection limit of PDMS surface layers on PET films is ∼0.2 nm. The present method gives a considerable amount of information about surfaces, such as chemical composition and chemical structure. This is a highly promising method for analysiing subnanometre surface layers which consist of liquid or semisolid materials, such as oil, lubricant, plasticizer and surface-active agent on polymer materials.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740180704
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  • 9
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    The Valence State Analysis of Ti in FeTiO3 by Soft X-Ray Spectroscopy (2006)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-18
    Print ISSN: 0026-3672
    Electronic ISSN: 1436-5073
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Attenuation of autophagic-proteolysis in C2C12 cells by saccharopine (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-26
    Print ISSN: 0300-8177
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4919
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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