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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of degree of crystallinity of drawn polymers by means of density measurements (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 7 (1969), S. 37-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The well known procedure of determining the degree of crystallinity by means of measuring the density presupposes the knowledge of both the densities ρc and ρa of the crystalline and of the noncrystalline regions. By combination of small-angle and wide-angle x-ray scattering and of density measurements it can be shown that this method is not justified in the case of drawn polyethylene if the values of ρc and ρa known from isotropic material are used. Both ρc and ρa depend considerably on annealing and drawing conditions. In addition the effective density ρc* of the more densely packed phase in a two-phase structure is much lower than the value ρc calculated from the positions of the x-ray reflections due to a large number of lattice defects. This conclusion is based on the results of three independent sets of experiments: determination of the mean-square fluctuation of density 〈η2〉 by means of x-ray small-angle scattering; x-ray wide-angle measurements of the positions of the crystal reflections and of the halo arising from the noncrystalline regions; and comparison of densities and long periods of samples treated at various annealing temperatures.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.160070103
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure-volume-temperature properties and free volume parameters of PEO/PMMA blends (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 36 (1998), S. 1061-1080 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: polymer blends ; dilatometry ; free volume ; specific volume ; excess volume ; compressibility ; thermal expansivity ; equation of state ; scaling parameters ; crystallinity ; glass transition ; Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Melt-miscible polymer blends of poly(ethylene oxide)/atactic poly(methyl methacrylate (PEO/a-PMMA)) were prepared by melt-mixing and characterized by pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) dilatometry in the pressure and temperature range of 0 to 200 MPa and 20 to 200°C, respectively. The PVT data were analyzed in terms of two equations of state (EOS). The empirical Tait EOS was applied in the glassy, semicrystalline, and equilibrium melt state, and the Simha-Somcynsky EOS theory was applied in the equilibrium melt and glassy state. The Simha-Somcynsky EOS theory contains a free volume function. The temperature, pressure, and composition dependence of the free volume fraction h calculated from the Simha-Somcynsky EOS theory was studied. As a function of blend composition we observe that the free volume fraction, thermal expansivity, and compressibility all deviate mainly positively from linearity while the specific volume deviates mainly negatively from linearity. These findings are reconciled with composition-dependent free volume parameters, the free volume and cell volume as well as with self- and cross-interaction parameters derived from the Simha-Somcynsky EOS theory as applied to polymer mixtures. Moreover, the pressure dependence of glass and melting transitions as well as crystallization kinetics have been investigated. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 1061-1080, 1998
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bis(difluoroaluminum)organophosphonates and difluoroaluminumdiorganophosphinates (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 22 (1984), S. 2329-2343 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Oligomers and polymers of the general types [RR′P(O)OA1F2]n, I, and [F2AlOP(R)(O)OAlF2]n, II, were prepared by the addition of phosphonic or phosphinic acids and hydrogen fluoride to etherated alanes. The hydrocarbon moieties (R,R′) on the phosphonic and phosphinic acids were important determinants of physical and chemical properties. When the alkyl moieties contained six or more carbon atoms type I oligomers were partially crystalline, soluble in tetrahydrofuran, and fused below 415°C. Type II polymers were soluble in tetrahydrofuran when n-octyl or larger alkyl moieties were used, but these polymers tended to be amorphous and liberated solvated tetrahydrofuran below 225°C. Data are presented in support of inter-monomer fluorine bridge bonding; that is, Al—F—Al bonds.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1984.170221004
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and properties of poly(phosphonatoalanes)Presented in part at the 154th American Chemical Society Meeting, Chicago, Illinois, September 1967. (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 3235-3244 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two general types of poly(phosphonatoalanes), [—Al(X)O—P(O)(R)O—]n (X = Cl or F, R = alkyl or aryl) and [—Al(OP(O)R2)O—P(O)(R′)O—]n, were prepared and studied. Poly[chloro(phosphonato)alanes] are influsible and have low molecular weights (n = 4-11). Polyfluoro(phosphonato)alanes are fusible and also have low molecular weights, but under certain conditions grow to higher polymers (n = 30-45). Poly[phosphinato(phosphonato)alanes] are fusible and are prepared with high molecular weights (n = 83-340).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.150061203
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly[tris(diorganophosphinato)alanes] (1970)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 8 (1970), S. 1-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Poly[tris(diorganophosphinato)alanes], [Al(OPRR′O)3]n, were synthesized in which the organic moieties (R,R′) contained from one to eighteen carbon atoms. Polymeric properties depended upon the organic moieties; polymers were fusible, tractable, and flexible when the organic moieties contained six or more carbon atoms. Soluble polymers were prepared by using mixtures of symmetrical and unsymmetrical phosphinates. One polymer, poly{bis[n-butyl(benzyl)phosphinato]di-n-octylphosphinatoalane}, exhibited a degree of polymerization greater than 1000 and an exceptionally high intrinsic viscosity of 37 dl/g. The properties of the different polymers are discussed, and feasible structures are proposed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1970.150080101
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and properties of polymers from aryl cyclic sulfonium zwitterions (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 10 (1972), S. 2951-2966 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new class of zwitterionic monomers were prepared in which the positive and negative sites are cyclic sulfonium and phenolate. Thermal polymerization occurs by phenolic anionic attack upon the aliphatic carbon α to the sulfonium sulfur. Polymerization proceeds with ring opening and net loss of charge to form nonionic polymers. The monomeric zwitterions are generally hydrated, crystalline solids that are soluble in water or alcohol. Chlorination of the aromatic portion of the molecule yields nonhydrated species. The polymerizations of 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)tetrahydrothiophenium hydroxide inner salt (dihydrate) and 1-(3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)tetrahydrothiophenium hydroxide inner salt were studied. The latter monomer gave a polymer with M̄n of 46,000 when a nucleophile was present as an initiator. The physical properties of this polymer were determined. Cyclization appears to be the main mechanism of termination in the polymerization of zwitterions.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.170101014
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polybis(phosphinato)fluoroalanesPresented in part of the 154th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Chicago, Ill. (September, 1967). (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 7 (1969), S. 865-877 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new class of coordination polymers, polybis(phosphinato)fluoroalanes, [Al(F) (OPRR′O)2n], where R,R′ are alkyl, phenyl, or benzyl, was prepared and studied. The properties of these polymers are influenced by the phosphinate (R) substituents; polymers having n-alkyl groups with more than five carbons are flexible and exhibit unusual hydrolytic stability. A polymer was obtained with a degree of polymerization of 104 by incorporating a 2:1 ratio of benzyl(n-heptyl) and di-n-octyl phosphinate groups. The properties of the flexible materials are consistent with linear rather than highly crosslinked or network systems. Feasible structures are proposed for the polymers.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.150070306
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly[bis(phosphinatoalanyl)phosphonates] (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 10 (1972), S. 3429-3446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of coordination polymers, poly[bis(phosphinatoalanyl)phosphonates], [X(Y)AlOP(R)(O)OAl(Y′)(X′)]n, were synthesized in which the terminal alanyl substituents (X,Y,X,′Y′) consisted of phosphinato (OPRR′O) or fluoro (F) moieties. The properties of the polymers were primarily dependent upon the type of terminal substituent and the hydrocarbon moieties (R,R′) on phosphorus. Polymers with four phosphinato moieties gave molecular weights M̄n to 120000 with intrinsic viscosities [η] from 1.5 to 18; the corresponding solids were partially crystalline, melted before decomposition, and were film-forming when larger phosphorus substituents were incorporated. Sequential replacement of the phosphinato moieties with fluorine resulted in molecular weights below 10000 and low viscosities. The properties of the polymers are examined, and the roles of substituents on probable structures are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.170101127
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