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  • Western white pine  (2)
  • (Interpore International)  (1)
  • Foliar analysis  (1)
  • Springer  (4)
  • Nature Publishing Group
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Keywords
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  • Springer  (4)
  • Nature Publishing Group
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biomaterials innovation: it’s a long road to the operating room (1997)
    Springer
    Materials research innovations 1 (1997), S. 57-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-075X
    Keywords: Key words Porous-bioceramic ; Hydroxyapatite ; Bone repair innovation-steps ; Time-involved ; Replamine- form ; Bone graft substitute ; Coral ; (Interpore International)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  An innovative process for forming a wide variety of porous biomaterials was conceived of and developed over several years at a University and later by a company that licensed the early patents. The family of patents formed the basis for several promising innovative biomaterials devices. However, only one commercial product has been realized. That product is the very successfull coralline hydroxyapatite (HA) now widely used in orthopaedic surgery, oral and maxillofacial bone repair and plastic surgery. This paper challenges the equation of discovery with a genuine innovation which reaches the marketplace. The paper reviews several aspects of the innovation and development history with an emphasis on the challenges of bringing any new biomaterial through all the conceptual, developmental, business and regulatory hurdles. New class three medical devices require huge investments of time and money typically requiring a minimum of eight years and 15–20 million dollars per new device to take it from concept to an approved product. These hurdles are so high that most research innovations in biomaterials never get put into the developmental pipeline. This paper is presented from an anecdotal perspective of an innovator who has had a continuous research and development involvement in the technology but has no significant management involvement beyond the early startup activities. It differs from predecessors is that it deals not only with the initial step of discovery but in the very difficult steps that follow on the road to a real innovation. Several strategies that may help other R&D groups outside the biomedical industry shorten the development cycle and increase the probability that a given biomaterials innovation can be seen through to approved product are discussed. Guidelines are suggested for culling out ideas that are technically sound but that likely won’t lead to successful products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100190050019
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chloroplast DNA in Pinus monticola (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 79 (1990), S. 119-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Chloroplast DNA ; Physical map ; Western white pine ; Pinus monticola ; Chloroplast genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Restriction sites on the chloroplast genome of Pinus monticola have been mapped, and the gene for the large subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, the genes for the photosystem II polypeptides psbA, psbD and psbC, and the 16S and 23S ribosomal RNA genes have been located. The genome lacks the large inverted repeat characteristic of most angiosperms. The gene order is similar to that found in P. radiata. The presence of dispersed repeated sequences is likely. Two structural features, lack of a large inverted repeat and the presence of dispersed repeats, may confer a degree of variability on the genome which will prove useful in studies of population structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223797
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chloroplast DNA in Pinus monticola (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 79 (1990), S. 251-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Species variability ; Western white pine ; Pinus monticola ; Heteroplasmic trees ; Chloroplast DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Within-species variability of a restriction site in the chloroplast (cp) DNA in Pinus monticola has been surveyed. Frequencies of two variants of the cp genome are significantly different in interior versus coastal populations. Paternal inheritance of the cp genome predominates, though some individuals have both variants of the genome. The presence of heteroplasmic individuals indicates occasional biparental inheritance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225959
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of fertilization on the nutrient distribution of aboveground components ofAbies balsamea (L.) Mill (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 80 (1984), S. 433-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Balsam fir ; Foliar analysis ; Lime ; Nitrogen ; Phosphorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The following fertilizer treatments were applied to a 20-year-old aspen-birch-sprucefir stand in southeastern Maine: N at 448 kg/ha, P at 112 kg/ha, N and P applied as above in addition to 1751 kg/ha Ca and 27 kg/ha Mg. Five years after treatment, foliar concentrations of N, P and Ca for understory blasam fir exhibited significant increases in response to fertilization with those nutrients. Mean five-year height growth, adjusted for pretreatment differences, increased 36 percent in response to fertilization with N alone and in combination with P and lime.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02140050
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