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  • 1
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    Neural Networks Application for Processing of the Data from the FMICW Radars (2019)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-10-17
    Description: In this paper the results of the Neural Networks and machine learning applications for radar signal processing are presented. The radar output from the primary radar signal processing is represented as a 2D image composed from echoes of the targets and noise background. The Frequency Modulated Interrupted Continuous Wave (FMICW) radar PCDR35 (Portable Cloud Doppler Radar at the frequency 35.4 GHz) was used. Presently, the processing is realized via a National Instruments industrial computer. The neural network of the proposed system is using four or five (optional for the user) signal processing steps. These steps are 2D spectrum filtration, thresholding, unification of the target, target area transforming to the rectangular shape (optional step), and target board line detection. The proposed neural network was tested with sets of four cases (100 tests for every case). This neural network provides image processing of the 2D spectrum. The results obtained from this new system are much better than the results of our previous algorithm.
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-8994
    Topics: Mathematics
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 2
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    An Efficient Hybrid RSS-AoA Localization for 3D Wireless Sensor Networks (2019)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-07
    Description: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) enable many applications such as intelligent control, prediction, tracking, and other communication network services, which are integrated into many technologies of the Internet-of-Things. The conventional localization frameworks may not function well in practical environments since they were designed either for two-dimensional space only, or have high computational costs, or are sensitive to measurement errors. In order to build an accurate and efficient localization scheme, we consider in this paper a hybrid received signal strength and angle-of-arrival localization in three-dimensional WSNs, where sensors are randomly deployed with the transmit power and the path loss exponent unknown. Moreover, in order to avoid the difficulty of solving the conventional maximum-likelihood estimator due to its non-convex and highly complex natures, we derive a weighted least squares estimate to estimate jointly the location of the unknown node and the two aforementioned channel components through some suitable approximations. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 3
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    An Efficient RSS Localization for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (2019)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Localization is a key-enabling technology for many applications in underwater wireless sensor networks. Traditional approaches for received signal strength (RSS)-based localization often require uniform distribution for anchor nodes and suffer from poor estimates according to unpredictable and uncontrollable noise conditions. In this paper, we establish an RSS-based localization scheme to determine the location of an unknown normal sensor from a certain measurement set of potential anchor nodes. First, we present a practical path loss model for wireless communication in underwater acoustic environments, where anchor nodes are deployed in a random circumstance. For a given area of interest, the RSS data collection is performed dynamically, where the measurement noises and the correlation among them are taken into account. For a pair of transmitter and receiver, we approximate the geometry distance between them according to a linear regression model. Thus, we can obtain a quick access for the range information, while keeping the error, the communication head and the response time low. We also present a method to correct noises in the distance estimate. Simulation results demonstrate that our localization scheme achieves a better performance for certain scenario settings. The successful localization probability can be up to 90%, where the anchor rate is fixed at 10%.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 4
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    Rapid Assessment of Flood Inundation and Damaged Rice Area in Red River Delta from Sentinel 1A Imagery (2019)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-29
    Description: The Red River Delta (RRD), including 11 provinces, is one of the four largest rice-growing areas in Vietnam. Tropical storms often occur and cause serious flooding from May to October annually in the RRD, which strongly affects the productivity of the summer–autumn rice, one of two main rice crops. Therefore, the rapid assessment of damaged rice area by flooding inundation is critical for farmers and the government. In this study, we proposed a methodology for quick estimation of rice areas damaged by flooding using Sentinel 1A (S1A) imagery. Firstly, the latest rice map was produced. Then, a Near Real-Time (NRT) flood map, which is estimated from S1A images at the closest time to a flooding event, was generated by excluding the yearly permanent map from the temporal water map. Our experiment was conducted for the assessment of damaged rice area by flooding from the tropical storm named Son-Tinh, which happened on 19–21 July 2018. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier was applied on time-series of S1A VV with VH data (VVVH) to obtain a rice map for the winter-spring season of 2018 with 90.5% Overall Accuracy (OA) and 2.37% difference (12,544 ha) from the General Statistics Office (GSO) of Vietnam’s reports for the whole region. Then, the Otsu thresholding method was applied for permanent water surface extraction and NRT flood mapping. The estimated damaged area was compared to available provincial and communal statistics for validation and further analysis. Right after the Son-Tinh storm, the estimation of inundated rice was approximately 50% of the total rice area in the RRD (271,092 ha). As a result, rice damage level strongly corresponds to the inundation period. In addition, the rice-flooding frequency map over the RRD was estimated to show rice fields suffering a high risk of flooding during the rainy season in the RRD. Our experiment’s results highlight the potential of using Synthetic-Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery for fast monitoring and assessment of paddy rice areas affected by flooding at a large scale in the RRD region.
    Electronic ISSN: 2072-4292
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrodissolution kinetics of an Fe−Ni alloy in acidic chloride media of 1.0 M ionic strength (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 16 (1986), S. 605-614 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Anodic dissolution of an Fe−5Ni alloy in deoxygenated acidic chloride solutions of 1.0 M ionic strength has been studied. Steady state partial current densities of the iron and nickel components were obtained by atomic absorption spectrophotometry analysis of the solutions. Alloy and component electrodissolution rates show two anodic Tafel regions indicating simultaneous parallel reactions as reported previously for pure iron. Anodic Tafel slopes of 0.075 and 0.04V dec−1 were obtained in the lower (A) and higher (B) polarization regions, respectively. The kinetic results for the alloy are consistent with the Cl− accelerated mechanism in Region (A) and the Bockris or OH− accelerated mechanism in Region (B) for both iron and nickel components as proposed previously for pure iron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01006855
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ground state properties of the He4-nucleus (1976)
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 26 (1976), S. 725-740 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Conclusions Table VIII summarizes the computed binding energy of He4-nucleus which includes the zeroth order contribution and the correction up to the third order for three different potentials. The binding energy does not contain the C.M. energy, which has been calculated up to the second order. The r.m.s. radii corrected for the C.M. motion and for not-point-like nucleons are calculated up to the second order for potential RHEL 1 and up to the first order for Reid and RHEL 2 potentials. The binding energy and r.m.s. radii are computed for two different self-consistent conditions, the first of which is the usual classical condition (2.16), the second reads ΔE (1) = 0. In all cases the absolute value of the binding energy of the He4-nucleus is lower than the experimental value. It has been shown that the perturbation series built up on the Goldstone reaction matrix diverges, when a self-consistent technique is not used. This represents certain danger also for the self-consistent formulation, although it gives plausible results up to the third order. The result obtained seems to indicate that the discrepancy between the experimental and theoretical values for the binding energy may be caused by neglect of some fundamental facts (relativistic effects, many-body forces etc.) in the present many-body theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01589480
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemisorption and physisorption of CO2 on cation exchanged zeolitesA, X and mor (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 38 (1992), S. 1005-1015 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: chemisorption ; physisorption ; zeolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Kalorimetrische Messungen der Adsorptionswärme von CO2 an Zeolithen mit einem unterschiedlichen Gehalt an ein- und zweiwertigen Kationen führen zu allgemeinen Schlußfolgerungen. Für einen hohen Gehalt an Na+, Li+ oder Ca2+ werden hohe Initiierungswärmen (bis zu 120 kJ·mol−1 für NaA) gefunden, die immer in Verbindung mit langsamen und aktivierten Adsorptionsgeschwindigkeiten auftreten. Dies wird einer begrenzten Anzahl an Stellen für die Chemisorption zugeschrieben (0.3 pro -Cage in NaA). Physisorption verursacht niedrigere Wärmen (25–50 kJ·mol−1). Die niedrigsten Werte erhält man mit teilweise oder total entkationisierten Zeolithen. Kationen von Übergangs-metallen verursachen häufig schwächere Wechselwirkungen als IA-oder IIA-Kationen. Je höher die Adsorptionsenergie, um so größer ist die adsorbierte Menge.
    Notes: Abstract Calorimetric measurements of the heat of adsorption of CO2 on zeolites with variable content of mono- and divalent cations lead to common conclusions. High initial heats (up to 120 kJ·mol−1 for NaA), generally associated with a slow and activated rate of adsorption, are found for high contents of Na+, Li+ or Ca2+. They are attributed to a limited number of chemisorption sites (0.3 per α cage in NaA). Physisorption results in lower heats (25–50 kJ·mol−1). The lowest values are obtained with partially or totally decationized zeolites. Transition metal cations induce frequently weaker interactions than IA or IIA. Finally the stronger the energy of adsorption is, the larger the adsorbed amount is.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01979434
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nif-hybrids of Enterobacter cloacae: Selection for nif-gene integration with nif-plasmids containing the Mu transposon (1983)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 192 (1983), S. 439-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The nitrogen fixation (nif)-gene group of Klebsiella can be transferred onto Enterobacter cloacae by conjugation, using Escherichia coli donor cells carrying the composite self-transmissible nif-plasmid pRD1. To enforce integration and stabilisation, in the present study a derivative of pRD1, viz plasmid pCE1, containing the Mu transposon was used. pCE1:: Mu cts makes Enterobacter cloacae cells nif +, and sensitive to temperature induction of Mu. Few cells survive treatment at 42°C. Seventy-two isolates thus obtained were screened for location of their nif-genes. At least four were found to contain the nif-genes integrated into the chromosome. This was documented by gel electrophoresis of their DNA, and by Southern hybridisation of their DNA with Klebsiella nif-KDH DNA as radioactive probe. The Mu transposon had also become part of their chromosome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392188
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional spin freezing in Y1−z Ca z Ba2Cu3−x Fe x O7 (1993)
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 77 (1993), S. 277-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Hyperfine electric and magnetic interactions in Y1−z Ca z Ba2Cu3−x Fe x O6+y compounds have been studied for different rates of Fe and Ca substitution (x=0.09 and 0.24;z=0.24;y=0−1) by57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy of powder samples obtained by different thermal treatments. Calculations of the Fe3+ EFG tensor have been performed for different coordination polyhedra in Cu1 and Cu2 sites. Variations of the direction, amplitude and of the sign of the principal component of the EFG are reported versus the iron displacement from the ideal Cu sites inside the pyramidal and tetrahedral coordination polyhedra. Calculated ΔE Q and η values are compared with the experimental ones. For the Cu2 site, faithfully probed in both oxygen-depleted and oxygen-saturated samples by fairly large fraction of residing iron atoms, the mutual orientations of the axes of the principal EFG component and that of easiest magnetization are deduced from interrelations between quadrupole parameters for paramagnetic quadrupolar and magnetic Zeeman Mössbauer spectra. In the desoxygenated samples, the coexistence of a long range 2D antiferromagnetic order and of a spin-glass order has been evidenced. For the oxygen-saturated samples, the two-dimensional spin-glass order is observed belowT f =10 K. The Mössbauer spectra under applied fields at 4.2 K show an easy polarization of the spins in the Cu2 sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02320318
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Raman spectroscopy study of micellar structures in ternary systems of water-sodium octanoate-pentanol/decanol (1977)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 255 (1977), S. 1098-1109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Raman-Spektroskopie wurde zum Studium der Mizellen-Struktur der Systeme Wasser-Natriumoktanat-Pentanol und Wasser-Natriumoktanat-Dekanol angewendet. Die C-H und C-C Streckungsvibrationsregionen sind sowohl für das Studium der aliphatischen Kettenstruktur als auch für die polare/antipolare Umgebung benutzt worden. In den Natriumoktanat-Lösungen scheint eine allmähliche Erhöhung dertrans-Struktur bis zumcmc = kritische Mizellenbildungskonzentration vorzukommen, und danach ist dastrans-gauche Verhältnis fast konstant. Natriumoktanat-Mizellen mit solubilisiertem Pentanol und Dekanol wurden durch Verwendung von perdeuterierten Oktanaten und Wasser untersucht, um eine Überdeckung bei der Mitwirkung jeder Komponenten im Spektrum zu vermeiden. Sowohl Pentanol als auch Dekanol haben den gleichen Effekt bei der Verminderung der Kontakte zwischen Wasser und den Wasserstoff-Kohlenstoff-Ketten. Die Kettenstruktur in den Mizellen wird durch die Zuführung des Pentanols auf die gleiche Weise beeinflußt, als ob der Oktanatgehalt erhÖht wird, wogegen das Dekanol auf der anderen Seite dastrans/gauche Verhältnis der Wasserstoff-Kohlenstoff-Ketten beeinflußt. Die invertierten Mizellen, die aus Wasseraggregaten in lipophiler Umgebung bestehen, wurden ebenfalls untersucht. Den stärksten Einfluß auf die Struktur der Umgebung von den Wasser/Wasserstoff-Kohlenstoff-Ketten beobachtete man, wenn man das Wasser/Seife-Verhältnis veränderte. Sobald der Seifengehalt im PentanolSystem erhöht wird, scheint sich dietrans-Struktur zu erhöhen, dagegen aber erhöht sich der Grad dergauche-Struktur, wenn der Seifengehalt im Dekanol-System steigt.
    Notes: Summary Raman spectroscopy has been used in order to study the micellar structure of the systems water-sodium octanoate-pentanol and water-sodium octanote-decano. The C—H and C—C stretching vibration regions have been utilized in the study of both the hydrocarbon chain conformation and the degree of polar/apolar contact. In sodium octanoate solutions there seems to be a successive increase in thetrans-conformation up tocmc, and then thetrans/gauche ratio is fairly constant. Sodium octanoate micelles with solubilized pentanol and decanol were examined by using perdeuterated octanoate and water in order to avoid overlapping in the contributions from each component in the spectra. Both pentanol and decanol have the same effect in reducing the contracts between water and hydrocarbon chains. The chain conformation in the micelles is influenced by incorporation of pentanol in the same way as if the octanoate concentration is increased, whereas on the other side decanol influences thetrans/gauche ratio of the hydrocarbon chains. The inverted micelles, considered to consist of water aggregates in a lipophilic environment, were also examined. The strongest structural effects with ragard to waterhydrocarbon chain contact were seen when the water/soap ratio varied. When the soap content is increased in the pentanol system thetrans-conformation seems to increase, whereas the degree ofgauche-conformation increases when the soap concentration is increased in the decanol system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01549896
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