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  • MISCELLANEA INGV  (8)
  • doppiavoce  (3)
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  • 1
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    MED-SUV project: First results and ongoing activities of WP 5 – Task 5.1. Characterization of the threatening phenomena from space and ground (2015)
    MISCELLANEA INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-21
    Description: Explosive events, lava-fountains and effusions frequently characterize eruptive activity at Etna. Consequently, the town of Catania and many local municipalities are potentially exposed to ash fallout and lava flows. Besides volcanic hazard, earthquakes and landslides affect this volcanic region as well. The Task 5.1 of the European project "MED-SUV'' (Grant Agreement n°. 308665) deals with the observation of these threatening phenomena from space and ground and their characterization and understanding. The Task encompasses six subtasks, which focus on and analyze the aforementioned hazards in terms of their characteristics, duration and spatial dimension: • Test cases for significant eruptive events have been defined by the subtask 5.1.1. The time span from 2005 to 2011 was chosen for its wealth of eruptive episodes and their well-documented evolution; • The mapping of eruptive products from satellite data will allow us the improvement of the interpretation and modeling of the mechanisms of cone-forming and lava flow emplacement. This topic is developed in the subtask 5.1.2; • Multidisciplinary experiments are planned in the subtask 5.1.3, and will be carried out at the North­ East Crater in July 2014; • Another important deliverable is given by tools of data mining proposed by the subtask 5.1.4. These tools will be available for the analysis of parameters of whatever nature (e.g., geochemical, geophysical), providing they are processed in numerical format; • The subtask 5.1.5 provides a characterization of the volcanic plume and eruptive products, with an integrated analysis of atmospheric, satellite and ground-based measurements, which play an important role in ash-cloud dispersal models; • The sub 5.1.6 focuses on landslide susceptibility analysis and zoning. The goal will be to highlight the regional distribution of potentially unstable slopes based on a detailed study of the factors responsible for landslides.
    Description: Published
    Description: Nicolosi (Catania), Italy
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: open
    Keywords: Etna ; volcanic activity ; threatening phenomena ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 2
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    Automatic classification of volcanic tremor using Support Vector Machine (2008)
    doppiavoce
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: A system for automatic recognition of different volcanic activity regimes based on supervised classification of volcanic tremor is proposed. Spectrograms are calculated from volcanic tremor time-series, separated into four classes, each assumed as representative of a different state of volcanic activity, i.e., pre-eruptive, eruptive, lava fountains, and post-eruptive. As classification features, the spectral profiles obtained by averaging each spectrogram along its rows are chosen. As supervised classification strategy, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is adopted. Evaluation of the system performance is carried out on volcanic tremor data recorded at Mt Etna during the eruptive episodes of July-August 2001. The leave-one-out classification accuracy achieved is of about 94%.
    Description: Published
    Description: 67-75
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: open
    Keywords: Support Vector Machine ; automatic classification ; volcanic tremor ; Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 3
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    Can flank instability at Stromboli volcano provide insights into precursory patterns of eruptions? (2008)
    doppiavoce
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: By 30 December, 2002 a flank collapse affected the Sciara del Fuoco on the western slope of Stromboli volcano, Italy. To characterize this landslide-prone area for hazard mitigation purposes, Falsaperla et al. [2006] followed a multidisciplinary approach, merging geo-structural observations with visual images (taken by a video-camera surveillance network and vertical ortho-photos) and seismic data recorded throughout the continuous monitoring of the volcano. The study combined these different data types in a complementary framework to assess how and where the Sciara del Fuoco morphology changed. The time span investigated ranged from 2002 to 2004. We present here the results of that study, which identified the zones affected by sliding episodes and highlighted their changes in time. The evidence of the regression of the upper landslide scarp toward the summit craters over the years leads us to speculate about precursory patterns of eruptive activity linked to the progression of flank instability.
    Description: Published
    Description: 57-65
    Description: open
    Keywords: Stromboli ; flank instability ; seismic monitoring ; visual monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 4
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    Tremor source location based on amplitude decay (2008)
    doppiavoce
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: A 3D grid search method for the location of the volcanic tremor source was applied to data recorded at Mt. Etna in 2004 [Di Grazia et al., 2006]. The aim of that application was to highlight changes in time and space of the location of the tremor source, heralding the onset of a lava emission on 7 September, 2004. The time span investigated ranged from January to November 2004. The method exploits the amplitude decay of the seismic signal recorded at permanent stations used for monitoring purposes. Consequently, it does not require any additional set up of temporary, mobile stations. We present here the results of that application, which was followed in the autumn of 2006 by the successful implementation of the method we named TREMLOC, as an automated and continuous near real time analysis for the location of volcanic tremor at the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) - Sezione di Catania.
    Description: Published
    Description: 49-56
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: open
    Keywords: Etna ; volcanic tremor ; monitoring ; source location ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 5
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    Failed eruptions : examples revealed by a multidisciplinary study at Mt Etna in spring 2007 (2015)
    MISCELLANEA INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Continuous monitoring at Mt. Etna volcano usually unveils remarkable changes in geophysical and geochemical parameters before the onset of volcanic activity. However, signals of apparent impending volcanic unrest are sometimes recorded without being followed by any eruption. Based on data acquired by the permanent monitoring networks run by INGV, we present cases of "failed eruptions" at Mt Etna from February to April 2007. In the time span analyzed, there were recurrent seismic unrest episodes in the form of enhancements of the volcanic tremor amplitude, which did not culminate in eruptive activity. To explain the origin of these variations, we propose a multidisciplinary study, in which we analyze plume S02 flux, in­ soil radon and ambient parameters (pressure and temperature), thermal and volcanic tremor data. A pattern classification method based on Kohonen maps and fuzzy clustering sheds further light on changes in volcanic tremor, radon and ambient parameters. Overall, we conclude that the variations observed were the results of episodes of gas pulses and/or rock fracturing. The fluid pressure build up allowed upraise of magma batches that generally failed to reach the surface. Actually, only two "real eruptions" (with short­-lived lava fountains on March 29 and April 10-11) occurred during the studied period. In summary, the application of unsupervised classification techniques to volcanic tremor, radon data and ambient parameters represent a promising tool for the surveillance of active volcanoes.
    Description: Published
    Description: Nicolosi (Catania), Italy
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: open
    Keywords: Etna ; data mining ; seismic data ; thermal data ; SO2 flux ; in-situ Radon measurement ; failed eruption ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.02. Cellular automata, fuzzy logic, genetic alghoritms, neural networks
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 6
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    The talking poster: An example application of Augmented Reality for the mitigation of non-structural damage from earthquakes (2017)
    MISCELLANEA INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-05-29
    Description: The concept of Augmented Reality (AR) has spread out since the development of the famous game “Pokémon Go!” The game contains all the main features of AR and was downloaded more than 100 million times only in its first month of life (The Guardian, 2016, (https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/oct/23/augmented-reality-development-future-smartphone)). AR is part of the Virtual Reality approach, but creates a new experience around the user’s world in real time, adding some useful information based on the pointed target. Elements that “increase” reality can be detected through a mobile device, such as a smartphone, through a video camera on board on a tablet, or any new wearable devices. In addition, mobile on-board sensors, such as GPS, accelerometer, and gyrocompass, are exploited to enrich AR user’s experience. In the framework of the European KnowRISK (Know your city, Reduce seISmic risK through non-structural elements) project, we focus on tools for the dissemination of science education in the field of seismic hazard and, in particular, for the mitigation of the non–structural damage caused by earthquakes. In this light, we develop new dissemination formats using AR features. In this paper, we propose a “talking poster” that deals with seismic hazard, providing useful information to increase common awareness on earthquakes. The poster covers different sections containing static images: they are the “virtual buttons” to start the KnowRisk software application. Based on a Tablet or similar mobile device, it is possible to run a demo scenario that highlights potential non-structural damage inside a house or in public buildings (schools, roads, public workspaces). The tool is developed by using the Wikitude™ framework provided by Wikitude GmbH (www.wikitude.com), under Android OS version 4+.
    Description: Co-financed by European Commission's Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Grant agreement ECHO/SUB/2015/718655/PREV28
    Description: Published
    Description: Catania, Italy
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: open
    Keywords: earthquakes ; non-structural damage ; augmented reality ; seismic risk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 7
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    Mt. Etna Test Cases for MED-SUV project. (2015)
    MISCELLANEA INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the framework of MED-SUV, WP5 is in charge of studying Mt. Etna's volcanic activity. We defmed periods and phenomena of the volcano activity to be used by the WP5 partners as Test Cases in the time window 2005-2011 i.e. that of the data available in the MED-SUV database. Overall, characterisation of eruptive activity and/or periods of quiescence will improve our knowledge on the geophysical and geochemical processes taking place inside Mt. Etna's volcanic system. These processes to be characterized include: • magma formation and evolution, • conditions of storage and transfer of magma in reservoirs at different levels within the crust; • physical and chemical interaction of magma with surrounding rocks and fracture/fault systems and their effects at the surface; • opening of eruptive vents/fissures as well as eruptive processes (including the formation and evolution of lava fields, volcanic plumes, pyroclastic fallout, etc.). The joint effort around the Test Cases will help the WP5 team addressing key questions such as: • what has determined changes of Mt. Etna eruptive style (mainly effusive vs. short-lasting, frequent paroxysmal events) in the last decades? • how is the shallow plumbing system (-1-4 km from the summit) structured? What are the processes occurring in this portion of the volcano feeding system and the key parameters controlling these processes? How does magma behave at shallow depths? • what is the suitability of cross-correlated parameters/models for shedding light on the relationship between shallow (〈5-6 km) earthquakes of the eastern flank ofMt. Etna and volcanic activity (if any)? For such questions, analysing carefully the periods of "quiescence" that precede eruptions is not less important than analyzing the eruptions themselves.
    Description: Published
    Description: Nicolosi (Catania), Italy
    Description: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: open
    Keywords: Etna ; volcanic activity ; test cases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 8
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    Factors Controlling the Transition from Strombolian Explosions to Lava Fountaining at Mount Etna: a Mass- and Energy-Constrained Model from the 2013 Paroxysmal Activity (2015)
    MISCELLANEA INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-04-03
    Description: A multidisciplinary approach based on image analysis of seismic signals, thermodynamics and mass balance has been here adopted to find quantitative relations between magma degassing at depth and the transition from Strombolian activity to lava fountaining for a set of paroxysmal eruptions occurred at Mt. Etna volcano in March-April 2013. The image processing of the seismogram allows handling of a huge quantity of data, providing a tool for the simple extraction of numerical values. We propose a model based on the consideration that gas outbursts are a vehicle of the transfer of energy tracked by seismic signals during the uprising of magma. Thus, the simple assumption of a relation of proportionality between the energy of the seismic signal and the mass of exsolved gas allows us to interpret transitions of the eruptive style as due to the amount of undegassed magma recharging the feeding system. Changes of this recharge rate in the range of 1:20 control the evolution of the eruptive process, and are evidence for the limited area section of the feeding conduit. Being this transition process observed in volcanic regions worldwide, the model can be successfully applied to other basaltic volcanoes. Furthermore, the image analysis technique may be applied to other contexts in which the interpretation of seismograms is necessary.
    Description: Published
    Description: Nicolosi (Catania), Italy
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: open
    Keywords: Etna ; magma degassing ; modelling ; image processing ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 9
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    New insights into the 2008-2009 Etna eruption from in-soil radon measurements and seismic activity (2017)
    MISCELLANEA INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: One of the main aims of the WP5 Task 5.1 “Characterization of the threatening phenomena from space and ground” of the European MEDiterrranean Supersite Volcanoes (MED­SUV) project was the analysis of the Mt. Etna eruptive activity from a multidisciplinary perspective. In this paper, we take into account an eruptive event, which offers an intriguing case study to scrutinize the relationships between a few geochemical and geophysical parameters during a long-lasting (15 months) lava emission. The eruption started on 13 May 2008, three days after a lava fountaining, and finished on 6 July 2009. Based on continuous borehole measurements of in-soil radon (Rn) emission and ambient parameters (barometric pressure and air temperature measurements), we explore the variations of the gas before and during the eruptive activity in the light of local seismic activity, considering volcanic tremor and earthquakes. We can shed light on the dyke intrusion that fed this eruption also exploiting an exceptional point of view, as the station for the Rn flux measurements is located on a fumarole at an altitude of 2950 m above sea level and near (~1 km) the summit active craters. Accordingly, this study offers new insights on the recharging phases that preceded and accompanied the 2008-2009 eruption.
    Description: Published
    Description: Rome, Italy
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: open
    Keywords: eruptions ; Radon measurements ; seismic activity ; Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 10
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    First results from pattern classification applied to seismic data recorded at Piton de la Fournaise (La Réunion) (2017)
    MISCELLANEA INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Data mining tools were tested within the WP 5 - Task 5.1 “Characterization of the threatening phenomena from space and ground” of the European MEDiterrranean Supersite Volcanoes (MED­SUV) project to tackle various classification and pattern recognition problems. These methods were successfully exploited for the identification of impending volcanic activity at Mt. Etna (Italy). Benefiting from the positive experiences acquired, we explored the application of one of these tools to seismic data recorded at Piton de la Fournaise (La Réunion) volcano, which the WP 7 “Pilot Phase - Validation and transfer of project outcome” of MED-SUV identified as ideal test site for the validation of innovative concepts for early-warning purposes. Our case study analyzes the time span from 2014 to 2015, during which episodes of lava fountains and lava flows occurred at the Dolomieu Crater. Their duration ranged from a few hours to about two months. For this application, we processed two years of continuous seismic data, providing a specific tuning of the software. We present our preliminary results considering the frequency content of the background seismic radiation at the broadband 3C station RVL, which was located close to the base of the Dolomieu cone and to the eruptive centers. Results of pattern classification applied to seismic data recorded during eruptive episodes at Mt. Etna are also presented for comparison.
    Description: Published
    Description: Rome (Italy)
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: open
    Keywords: Pattern classification ; seismic data ; Piton de la Fournaise ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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