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  • 1
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    Dietary Supplements (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: We invite you to contribute to a Special Issue of Nutrients, entitled “Dietary Supplements”. The purpose of this Special Issue is to advance dietary supplement science by presenting commissioned overviews on four nutrients of particular current interest and controversy: Vitamin D, iodine, iron, and omega-3 fatty acids. To supplement these contributions, we welcome the submission of manuscripts describing original research or providing systematic reviews related to various issues in dietary supplement science. Manuscripts across a broad range of topics will be considered, but we are particularly interested in manuscripts that address the following areas: • Health effects, both positive and negative, of single nutrients, such as vitamin D, iodine, iron, and omega-3 fatty acids, with an emphasis on human studies. • Human clinical trials of dietary supplement use • Motivations for and prevalence of the use of dietary supplements • Mechanisms of action of nutrients and other bioactive components of dietary supplements. • Biomarkers of nutritional status, especially those measured in human samples. • Development and application of analytical tools for the measurement of bioactive components of dietary supplements. • Databases of dietary supplements' composition for use in improving the assessment of nutrient intake and of the exposure to ingredients present in these products in human populations.
    Keywords: TX341-641 ; food supplements ; bioactives ; dietary supplements ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Health-Promoting Components of Fruits and Vegetables in Human Health (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Diet and lifestyle choices can substantially predispose an individual to, or protect against, many age- and obesity-related chronic diseases. According to the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, dietary bioactives arecompounds in foodsnot needed for basic human nutrition but responsible for changes in health status.1 These compounds are safe at normal food consumption levels (e.g., anthocyanins in berries) and their biological activities may come from a single compound (e.g., lutein in spinach) or a class of compounds (e.g., avenanthramides in oats) even if the exact identity and composition are unknown. Bioactive compounds of plants; can vary significantly in their ratios and relative concentrations depending onfactors such as cultivation, soil, altitude, and weather conditions. Substantial scientific evidence is available for some health promoting phytochemicals, such as dose-response relations, for performance and/or reduction in the risk of chronic disease. However, several limitations relating to absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of many dietary bioactives still exist and must be better understood This Special Issue compiles recent discoveries that advance our understanding of how dietary bioactive, particularly from fruits and vegetables, influence long-term health maintenance and disease prevention.
    Keywords: TX341-641 ; non-essential nutrient ; dietary bioactives ; disease prevention ; fruits ; vegetables ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Advances in Anthocyanin Research 2018 (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Anthocyanins are natural plant pigments, responsible for many of the orange/red/purple/blue colors of many flowers, fruits, and vegetables. These colorants play important roles in plants, such as conferring UV protection and antimicrobial properties, and they are also implicated to have many potential human health-promoting properties. Research works and epidemiological studies have indicated these plant pigments to be beneficial in the reduction of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. For these reasons, there is increasing interest in their incorporation in foods, drugs, cosmetics, and dietary supplements as naturally derived colorants and health-promoting compounds. There is a large natural diversity in the chemical composition of anthocyanin pigments. More than 700 unique anthocyanin structures have been identified, and each has unique colorimetric, reactivity, and health-promoting properties. With such a great number of unique anthocyanins and increasing interest in their use, there is a considerable need to better understand the factors affecting their production and accumulation in plants, the factors affecting their stability and colorimetric properties, and their metabolism and mechanisms for disease alleviation. This Special Issue includes several new research works dedicated to these topics and a review of the current knowledge of anthocyanin chemistry affecting their application in food and nutrition.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; QD415-436 ; TX341-641 ; and cosmetics ; Natural colorants ; Botanical aspects ; Anthocyanin chemistry and application ; drugs ; Anthocyanin absorption and metabolism ; Anthocyanins ; Color quality of foods ; Anthocyanin Bioactivity and functionality ; Chronic diseases reduction ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Analytical Technology in Nutrition Analysis (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Due to increasing global food needs as a result of population growth, the use of new food sources has gained interest in the last decade. However, the inclusion of new foods in our diet, as well as the increased interest of the population in consuming foods with better nutritional properties, has increased the need for adequate food analytical methods. This monographic issue presents innovative methods of chemical analysis of foods, as well as the nutritional and chemical characterization of foods whose consumption is expected to increase worldwide in the coming years.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; TX341-641 ; blanching ; n/a ; acrylamide ; thickness ; seaweeds ; N-carbamylglutamate ; Chlorophyceae ; EPA+DHA ; hydrolysates ; Phaeophyceae ; carbohydrates ; scanning electron microscopy ; antioxidant ; scorpion (Buthus martensii Karsch) protein ; Gracilaria ; animal products ; milk ; prebiotic ; extraction ; functional properties ; refined commercial salmon oil ; HPLC-MS/MS ; total FA yield ; avocado oil ; n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs) concentration ; DHA ; alcalase ; antioxidants compounds ; flavourzyme ; phenolic compounds ; UPLC-MSE ; oil extraction ; frying time ; response surface methodology ; fatty acid profile ; response surface methodology (RSM) ; Amazonian fruits ; water holding capacity ; phenolic acids ; amaranth protein ; temperature ; feeds ; multiple response optimization ; polysaccharides ; fatty acids ; Artemisia argyi leaves ; seaweed ; Rhodophyceae ; process variable maximization ; bioactive peptides ; vitamins ; EPA ; desirability function ; ultrasonic extraction ; bioactive compounds ; crisps ; deep eutectic solvents ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 5
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    Nutritional Intake and the Risk for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The aim of this Special Issue focusing on “Nutritional Intake and the Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease” is to provide an in-depth overview of the role of the intake of different macro- and micronutrients in the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as in its prevention and treatment. General over-nutrition but also alterations of the dietary pattern (e.g., towards a higher intake of fat, cholesterol, and sugar—and herein especially fructose) are discussed as being critical in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, it has also been suggested that a general reduction of caloric intake and/or modulation of dietary composition, be it in regard to fat or to sugar intake, may have beneficial effects on the liver status in settings of NAFLD. Furthermore, in more recent years, the intake of pre- and probiotics, but also of specific micronutrients or secondary plant compounds, has also been considered a means in the prevention and therapy of this disease. Despite intense research efforts during the last decades, our understanding of the effects of nutritional intake on the development as well as on the prevention and cure of NAFLD is still limited. Providing a better understanding of the effects of diet and especially of specific macro- and micronutrients as well as pre- and probiotics and secondary plant compounds in the context of the development of NAFLD and its progression could lead to novel prevention and therapeutic strategies for this metabolic liver disease. This Special Issue will thus include original research and scientific perspectives on the relationship between NAFLD and dietary constituents that may 1) be involved in the development of the disease and 2) prevent its onset and progression. Mechanistic insights defining the contribution of certain nutritional factors (e.g., macronutrients like fat and sugar but also micronutrients and secondary plant compounds as well as pre- and probiotics) to the occurrence and management of NAFLD will improve our understanding of the disease and eventually lead to the development of universally accepted prevention and therapeutic strategies.
    Keywords: RC620-627 ; TX341-641 ; Nutrition ; Dietary pattern ; Sarkopenia ; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ; Diabetes and Insulin resistance
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Metabolically Healthy Obesity (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Accumulating evidence suggests that not all obese subjects are at increased cardiometabolic risk and that the “metabolically healthy obese” phenotype may exist in the absence of metabolic abnormalities. Limited data regards the determinants of metabolically healthy obesity exist, particularly in relation to genetics, dietary and lifestyle behaviours. In light of the current obesity epidemic, it is clear that current “one size fits all” approaches to tackle obesity are largely unsuccessful. Whether dietary, lifestyle and/or therapeutic interventions, based on stratification of obese individuals according to their metabolic health phenotype, are more effective remains to be seen, with limited and conflicting data available. This book includes original research articles and reviews of the scientific literature that contribute to our understanding of the role of clinical, biological, genetic, and environmental factors in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity.
    Keywords: TX341-641 ; Inflammation: Intervention ; Nutrition ; Physical activity ; Metabolically healthy obesity ; Life course ; Mortality ; Genetics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 7
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    Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation: Implications for Maternal and Infant Health (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Pregnancy is a viewed as a window to future health. With the birth of the developmental origins of human adult disease hypothesis, research and clinical practice has turned its attention to the influence of maternal factors such as health and lifestyle surrounding pregnancy as a means to understand and prevent the inter-generational inheritance of chronic disease susceptibility. Outcomes during pregnancy have long-lasting impacts on both women on children. Moreover, nutrition early in life can influence growth and the establishment of lifelong eating habits and behaviors. This Special Issue on “Nutrition during Pregnancy and Lactation: Implications for Maternal and Infant Health” is intended to highlight new epidemiological, mechanistic and interventional studies that investigate maternal nutrition around the pregnancy period on maternal and infant outcomes. Submissions may include original research, narrative reviews, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; TX341-641 ; education ; 6?-sialyllactose ; milk composition ; growth chart ; overweight and obesity ; body composition ; pregnant women ; prenatal intervention ; thermal control ; slow digesting carbohydrates ; postpartum ; vitamin B12 ; micronutrients ; passive immunization ; antibodies ; physiological body-weight loss ; obesity ; proteolysis ; energy ; infant formula ; adolescents ; pregnancy ; gestational weight gain intervention ; randomized clinical trial ; food photography ; metabolic rate ; infancy ; micronutrient deficiency ; restraint ; folate ; nutrition ; lactation ; basal maintenance expenditure ; milk oligosaccharides ; maternal nutrition ; disinhibition ; weight retention ; DNA sequencing ; neuroplasticity ; generalized linear models ; metabolic flexibility ; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ; prematurity ; full breastfeeding ; food cravings ; transcriptome ; maternal diet quality ; Healthy Eating Index ; human milk ; gestational weight gain ; energy expenditure ; lifestyle intervention ; RDA ; immunological properties ; mindful eating ; insulin-resistant pregnancy ; nutritional intervention ; DNA methylation ; neurobiology ; total sugars ; fetal growth ; overweight ; fetal development ; energy intake ; hippocampus ; race ; maternal obesity ; early programming ; uncontrolled and emotional eating ; breast milk ; health ; hepatic lipogenesis ; eating behavior ; physical activity ; Pregnancy ; meal replacements ; premature delivery ; sialic acid ; diet quality ; cognitive development ; iron ; growth ; breastfeeding ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Water Intake, Body Water Regulation and Health (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The purpose of this Special Issue, “Water Intake, Body Water Regulation, and Health”, is to present novel reviews and experimental data regarding hydration physiology and its implication in overall health. Water has previously been dubbed the forgotten nutrient due to humans’ and animals’ ability to subsist seemingly unchanged across a wide range of daily water intakes. However, with the introduction of stressors such as exercise, diseased states, and/or chronic high or low water intake, the homeostatic signals related to body water regulation can influence organ and whole-body health. This Special Issue will discuss water intake, the scientific rationale surrounding the U.S. and European water intake guidelines, homeostatic mechanisms, diseases related to dysfunction of water regulation, and differences in the volume and the vehicle in which the water is contained (i.e., plain water versus mixed beverages) on water intake during and following exercise. The aim is to continue discussion surrounding water, the previously forgotten nutrient, and highlight the importance of water in daily life.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; TX341-641 ; n/a ; modeling ; adaptation ; pollution ; perception ; heat stress ; assessment ; body composition ; polydipsia ; environmental stressors ; deuterium ; children ; water-electrolyte balance ; dehydration ; big data ; obesity ; climate change ; hydration factor and Hispanic Americans ; water ; thermoregulation ; rehydration ; fluid replacement ; hydration ; chronic disease ; acute kidney injury ; chronic kidney disease ; blood pressure regulation ; exercise ; electrolytes ; euhydration ; database ; water intake ; drinking water ; vascular function ; skin blood flow ; sympathetic nervous system ; oral rehydration therapy ; water restriction ; ultraviolet radiation ; hyponatremia ; DNA ; NHANES ; aging ; sweating ; hypohydration ; body water ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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