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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2010-12-20
    Description: Discodermolide is a microtubule-stabilizing agent that induces accelerated cell senescence. A discodermolide-resistant cell line, AD32, was generated from the human lung cancer cell line A549. We hypothesize that the major resistance mechanism in these cells is escape from accelerated senescence. AD32 cells have decreased levels of 4E-BP1 mRNA and protein, relative to the parental discodermolide-sensitive A549 cells. Lentiviral-mediated re-expression of wild-type 4E-BP1 in AD32 cells increased the proliferation rate and reverted resistance to discodermolide via restoration of discodermolide-induced accelerated senescence. Consistent with this, cell growth and response to discodermolide was confirmed in vivo using tumor xenograft models. Furthermore, reintroduction of a nonphosphorylatable mutant (Thr-37/46 Ala) of 4E-BP1 was able to partially restore sensitivity and enhance proliferation in AD32 cells, suggesting that these effects are independent of phosphorylation by mTORC1. Microarray profiling of AD32-resistant cells versus sensitive A549 cells, and subsequent unbiased gene ontology analysis, identified molecular pathways and functional groupings of differentially expressed mRNAs implicated in overcoming discodermolide-induced senescence. The most statistically significant classes of differentially expressed genes included p53 signaling, G2/M checkpoint regulation, and genes involved in the role of BRCA1 in the DNA damage response. Consistent with this, p53 protein expression was up-regulated and had increased nuclear localization in AD32 cells relative to parental A549 cells. Furthermore, the stability of p53 was enhanced in AD32 cells. Our studies propose a role for 4E-BP1 as a regulator of discodermolide-induced accelerated senescence.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: This paper proposes a method for salient crowd motion detection based on direction entropy and a repulsive force network. This work focuses on how to effectively detect salient regions in crowd movement through calculating the crowd vector field and constructing the weighted network using the repulsive force. The interaction force between two particles calculated by the repulsive force formula is used to determine the relationship between these two particles. The network node strength is used as a feature parameter to construct a two-dimensional feature matrix. Furthermore, the entropy of the velocity vector direction is calculated to describe the instability of the crowd movement. Finally, the feature matrix of the repulsive force network and direction entropy are integrated together to detect the salient crowd motion. Experimental results and comparison show that the proposed method can efficiently detect the salient crowd motion.
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-4300
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by MDPI
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-02-23
    Description: The homeostatic control of body temperature is essential for survival in mammals and is known to be regulated in part by temperature-sensitive neurons in the hypothalamus. However, the specific neural pathways and corresponding neural populations have not been fully elucidated. To identify these pathways, we used cFos staining to identify...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: The Taiwanese, who have accumulated rich experience from the strategy, have greatly promoted the development of the rural economy in mainland China through the establishment of rural Taiwanese enterprises. In the process of the strategy of rural revitalization, it is important to draw on the experience from Taiwan, and to acknowledge the leading role of Taiwanese entrepreneurs. In this study, we considered 941 rural Taiwanese enterprises that were registered in townships and villages in mainland China. Based on the cultural diffusion model, spatial analysis of GIS, and statistical methods, this study analyzed the spatial pattern and evolution of rural Taiwanese enterprises, and predicted the spatial diffusion pattern as well. The study found the following: (1) The reform and opening-up policy leads to the core position of Dongguan and Kunshan, and continues to consolidate the dual-core pattern with a noticeable combined effect. (2) Rural Taiwanese enterprises are mainly engaged in the secondary industry, with characteristics of small-scale and strong independence. They tend to be located in secondary cities in developed regions, in order to reduce costs and obtain maximum profits. (3) They display a V-shaped pattern covering the Eastern coastal line and Hunan-Sichuan line, with Guangdong as the node. (4) It is predicted that, in the next decade, the growth of the enterprises will slow down and their spatial diffusion pattern will be more conspicuous. While the spatial diffusion of Taiwanese enterprises slows down, more domestic investment may lead to industry vitalization in rural China.
    Electronic ISSN: 2071-1050
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI
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