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Monograph available for loan

Gravity, deformation and the earth's crust as studies by centrifuged models (1967)

Ramberg, Hans

London [u.a.] : Acad. Press

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Call number: O 3623 ; G 8317 ; 6194

Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan

Pages: IX, 214 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.

Location: Upper compact magazine

Branch Library: GFZ Library

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Contact strain and folding instability of a multilayered body under compression (1962)

Ramberg, Hans

Springer

International journal of earth sciences 51 (1962), S. 405-439

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ISSN: 1437-3262

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: Abstract The contact strain which develops in a host rock during compression-folding of a more “competent” layer is treated mathematically and demonstrated by tests on composite models of rubber sheets and blocks with different rigidities. The contact strain is found to be negligible outside a zone about one initial wavelength wide on either side of the folded sheet. This theoretical conclusion based upon the contact deformation resulting from the initial small-amplitude buckles is also, according to the experimental tests, valid for rather strong buckling. Second-order folding of a thin “competent” layer laying within the contact zone of a thicker buckled “competent” layer is demonstrated by experimental tests. Considerations of the stresses connected with the contact strain and the stress distribution in the buckling “competent” layer itself give a simple expression for the initial stable wavelength which develops in response to compression parallel to the layering. The strain distribution in folded multilayers consisting of a set of thin “competent” sheets evenly spaced in an uniform less “competent” body is considered theoretically. In such multilayers the stable initial wavelength as developed during compression will, according to the theory, increase somewhat with decreasing spacing between the “competent” layers if all other conditions are equal. If the spacing is close enough (the limit depends upon the relative mechanical properties of the two substances) the multilayer will buckle as an unit in the sense that one half-wave covers the whole length of the body. This agrees with compression tests on multilayered rubber blocks. In the last two sections of the paper a theory of viscous buckling of thick layers is developed both for the case of a single layer enclosed in a large uniform body and for the case of a multilayer of alternating “competent” and “incompetent” layers. In this theory shear parallel to layering plays an important part. For a single embedded layer the thick-layer model gives a little smaller wavelength/thickness ratio than the simple but less realistic thin-layer model. For multilayers strain parallel to layering becomes very significant, particularly when the spacing between the competent layers is small, and the thick-layer model differs considerably from the simpler thin-layer model. A theory of buckling of a multilayer withn alternating competent-incompetent layers sandwiched between two very thick uniform bodies is also developed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01820010

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