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  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)  (24)
  • Molecular Diversity Preservation International  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 56 (2000), S. 3-13 
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The crystal structure of the catalytic core domain of β-mannanase from the fungus Trichoderma reesei has been determined at a resolution of 1.5 Å. The structure was solved using the anomalous scattering from a single non-isomorphous platinum complex with two heavy-metal sites in space group P21. The map computed with the experimental phases was enhanced by the application of an automated model building and refinement procedure using the amplitudes and experimental phases as observations. This approach is expected to be of more general application. The structure of the native enzyme and complexes with Tris–HCl and mannobiose are also reported: the mannobiose binds in subsites +1 and +2. The structure is briefly compared with that of the homologous β-mannanase from the bacterium Thermomonospora fusca.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 56 (2000), S. 189-191 
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: S100A12, a member of the calgranulin family, isolated from human blood, has been crystallized by vapour diffusion in the presence of Ca2+. Crystals belong to the space group R3 with unit-cell dimensions a = b = 99.6  c = 64.2 Å. There are two monomers per asymmetric unit, with a solvent content of 57.9%. The crystals diffract to at least 2.2 Å resolution and complete X-ray data have been collected to 2.5 Å on a conventional laboratory source.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. 516-526 
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Using synchrotron radiation and a CCD camera, X-ray data have been collected from wild-type bovine pancreatic phospholipase A2 at 100 K to 0.97 Å resolution allowing full anisotropic refinement. The final model has a conventional R factor of 9.44% for all reflections, with a mean standard uncertainty for the positional parameters of 0.031 Å as calculated from inversion of the full positional least-squares matrix. At 0.97 Å resolution, bovine pancreatic phospholipase A2 reveals for the first time that its rigid scaffolding does not preclude flexibility, which probably plays an important role in the catalytic process. Functionally important regions (the interfacial binding site and calcium-binding loop) are located at the molecular surface, where conformational variability is more pronounced. A cluster of 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol molecules is present at the entrance of the hydrophobic channel that leads to the catalytic site and mimics the fatty-acid chains of a substrate analogue. Bovine pancreatic phospholipase A2 at atomic resolution is compared with previous crystallographic structures and with models derived from nuclear magnetic resonance studies. Given the high structural similarity among extracellular phospholipases A2 observed so far at lower resolution, the results arising from this structural analysis are expected to be of general validity for this class of enzymes.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. 867-869 
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Sirohaem, the prosthetic group of assimilatory sulfite and nitrite reductases, is a modified tetrapyrrole that belongs to the same fraternity of metallo-prosthetic groups as haem, chlorophyll, cobalamin and coenzyme F430 [Warren & Scott (1990), Trends Biochem Sci. 15, 486–491]. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the last step in the biosynthesis of sirohaem involves Met8p, a bifunctional enzyme responsible for both the NAD+-dependent dehydrogenation of the corrin ring and ferrochelation. Optimization of the protein storage buffer according to the results of crystallization trials resulted in a more monodisperse protein solution. Crystals were grown that diffracted to 2.1 Å.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The glycoside hydrolase sequence-based classification reveals two families of enzymes which hydrolyse the β-1,4-linked backbone of xylan, xylanases, termed families GH-10 and GH-11. Family GH-11 xylanases are intriguing in that catalysis is performed via a covalent intermediate adopting an unusual 2,5B (boat) conformation, a conformation which also fulfils the stereochemical constraints of the oxocarbenium ion-like transition state. Here, the 1.9 Å structure of a nucleophile, E94A, mutant of the Xyn11 from Bacillus agaradhaerens in complex with xylotriose is presented. Intriguingly, this complex also adopts the 2,5B conformation in the −1 subsite, with the vacant space provided by the Glu→Ala mutation allowing the sugar to adopt the α-configuration at C1. The structure of the covalent 2-deoxy-2-fluoroxylobiosyl-enzyme intermediate has been extended to atomic (1.1 Å) resolution.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. 1445-1450 
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The aim of ARP/wARP is improved automation of model building and refinement in macromolecular crystallography. Once a molecular-replacement solution has been obtained, it is often tedious to refine and rebuild the initial (search) model. ARP/wARP offers three options to automate that task to varying extents: (i) autobuilding of a completely new model based on phases calculated from the molecular-replacement solution, (ii) updating of the initial model by atom addition and deletion to obtain an improved map and (iii) docking of a structure onto a new (or mutated) sequence, followed by rebuilding and refining the side chains in real space. A few examples are presented where ARP/wARP made a considerable difference in the speed of structure solution and/or made possible refinement of otherwise difficult or uninterpretable maps. The resolution range allowing complete autobuilding of protein structures is currently 2.0 Å, but for map improvement considerable advances over more conventional refinement techniques are evident even at 3.2 Å spacing.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 284-287 
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Cytochrome c′ from the purple non-sulfur phototrophic bacterium Rubrivivax gelatinosus has been crystallized by vapour diffusion at pH 5, 6.3 and 8, in sodium acetate, sodium citrate, and Tris–HCl buffers, respectively. Crystals grown at pH 5 and 6.3 diffract, respectively, to 2.0 Å (298 K) and 1.4 Å (100 K) using synchrotron radiation. Data up to 1.3 Å resolution with 99.8% completeness were collected at 100 K on a crystal grown at pH 8. The space group is P3121 or P3221, and the unit-cell parameters are a = b = 69.63, c = 123.63 Å.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 854-866 
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The yeast Saccharomycopsis fibuligera produces a glucoamylase which belongs to sequence family 15 of glycosyl hydrolases. The structure of the non-glycosylated recombinant enzyme has been determined by molecular replacement and refined against 1.7 Å resolution synchrotron data to an R factor of 14.6%. This is the first report of the three-dimensional structure of a yeast family 15 glucoamylase. The refinement from the initial molecular-replacement model was not straightforward. It involved the use of an unrestrained automated refinement procedure (uARP) in combination with the maximum-likelihood refinement program REFMAC. The enzyme consists of 492 amino-acid residues and has 14 α-helices, 12 of which form an (α/α)6 barrel. It contains a single catalytic domain but no starch-binding domain. The fold of the molecule and the active site are compared to the known structure of the catalytic domain of a fungal family 15 glucoamylase and are shown to be closely similar. The active- and specificity-site residues are especially highly conserved. The model of the acarbose inhibitor from the analysis of the fungal enzyme fits tightly into the present structure. The active-site topology is a pocket and hydrolysis proceeds with inversion of the configuration at the anomeric carbon. The enzyme acts as an exo-glycosyl hydrolase. There is a Tris [2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol] molecule acting as an inhibitor in the active-site pocket.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. 915-917 
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The dUTPase from Trypanosoma cruzi has been crystallized in two crystal forms, both belonging to space group P6322, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 134.67, c = 148.66 Å (form I, two molecules per asymmetric unit) and a = b = 136.43, c = 68.71 Å (form II, one molecule per asymmetric unit). Single-wavelength data have been collected using synchrotron radiation to 3.0 Å for crystal form I and to 2.4 Å for crystal form II and structure solution is under way. T. cruzi dUTPase is a potential target for anti-protozoan drug design.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 522-546 
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: X-ray diffraction data have been collected at both low (120 K) and room temperature from triclinic crystals of hen egg-white lysozyme to 0.925 and 0.950 Å resolution, respectively, using synchrotron radiation. Data from one crystal were sufficient for the low-temperature study, whereas three crystals were required at room temperature. Refinement was carried out using the programs PROLSQ, ARP and SHELXL to give final conventional R factors of 8.98 and 10.48% for data with F\ \gt\ 4\sigma(F) for the low- and room-temperature structures, respectively. The estimated r.m.s. coordinate error is 0.032 Å for protein atoms, 0.050 Å for all atoms in the low-temperature study, and 0.038 Å for protein atoms and 0.049 Å for all atoms in the room-temperature case, as estimated from inversion of the blocked least-squares matrix. The low-temperature study revealed that the side chains of 24 amino acids had multiple conformations. A total of 250 waters, six nitrate ions and three acetate ions, two of which were modelled with alternate orientations were located in the electron-density maps. Three sections of the main chain were modelled in alternate conformations. The room-temperature study produced a model with multiple conformations for eight side chains and a total of 139 water molecules, six nitrate but no acetate ions. The occupancies of the water molecules were refined in both structures and this step was shown to be meaningful when assessed by use of the free R factor. A detailed description and comparison of the structures is made with reference to the previously reported structure refined at 2.0 Å resolution.
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