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  • 1
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    Feeding ecology and consumption rate of broadbill swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in Ecuadorian waters (2017)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-06
    Print ISSN: 1867-1616
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-1624
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The occurrence of ¦ bipolar neurons in the abdominal mass ganglia of a pulmonate mollusc (Cryptomphallus aspersa) (1969)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 25 (1969), S. 385-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Resumen Se describen en la masa ganglionar ventral del moluscoCryptomphallus aspersa (Gasteropoda, Pulmonata) la presencia de varios tipos de neuronas bipolares entremezcladas con las típicas unipolares. Estas observaciones morfológicas se discuten en relación a los hallazgos obtenidos previamente con técnicas electrofisiológicas por otros autores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01899936
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    habitat de Nocardia asteroides, Phialophora pedrosoi y Cryptococcus neoformans en Venezuela (1968)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 34 (1968), S. 144-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden 336 Erd-, Holz- und Pflanzenproben aus verschiedenen Gebieten des Staates Mérida/Venezuela und benachbarten Zonen untersucht. Das Material wurde Meerschweinchen intratestikulär und weissen Mäusen intravenös injiziert. Hoden und Lungen der Tiere wurden auf Nährböden verbracht und histologisch untersucht. Elfmal wurdeNocardia asteroides, sechsmalPhialophora pedrosoi und einmalCryptococcus neoformans isoliert und histologisch nachgewiesen. Es werden die möglichen Gründe diskutiert, warum es nicht gelangParacoccidioides brasiliensis zu isolieren.
    Abstract: Summary 336 samples of soil, wood and plants from several aereas of the State of Mérida/Venezuela and adjacent regions were studied. The samples were injected into the testes of guinea pigs and into mice intravenously. The testes and lungs of the animals respectively were cultured and examined histologically. From eleven samples were isolatedNocardia asteroides, from sixPhialophora pedrosoi and from oneCryptococcus neoformans. It is discussed, why it was not possible to isolateParacoccidioides brasiliensis.
    Notes: Resumen Se estudiaron 336 muestras de tierra, madera y plantas provenientes de diferentes zonas del Edo. Mérida/Venezuela y Estados vecinos. Fueron inoculados cobayos y hamsters intratesticularmente y ratones por via endovenosa. Testículos y pulmones respectivamente fueron examinados por medio de cultivos e histológicamente. De 11 muestras se aislaronNocardia asteroides, de 6Phialophora pedrosoi y de unaCryptococcus neoformans. Se discuten las probables causas de porqué no se logró aislarParacoccidioides brasiliensis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02051423
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Phytotoxicity Test Using Transpiration of Willows (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 39 (2000), S. 154-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A short-term acute toxicity assay for willow trees growing in contaminated solution or in polluted soil was developed and tested. The test apparatus consists of an Erlenmeyer flask with a prerooted tree cutting growing in it. Growth and reduction of transpiration are used to determine toxicity. Transpiration is closely related to photosynthesis and growth, but is easier and faster to measure and can be measured without disturbance of the test system. Plants are grown for 24 h in uncontaminated nutrient solution before the toxicant is added to determine the initial transpiration. The loss of weight is expressed as % decrease after 48 and 72 h or longer compared to the initial transpiration, divided by the transpiration of control plants. More toxicity parameters are growth and water use efficiency of the plants. The sensitivity of the test was evaluated with 3,5-dichlorophenol. EC50 values between 5.8 and 9.6 mg/L were found. This is similar to the results from algal growth rate tests. The willow tree toxicity test may be useful for determining the site-specific toxicity of polluted soils and for terrestrial risk assessment of new chemicals and pesticides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002440010091
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Litter dynamics in riverine mangrove forests in the Guayas River estuary, Ecuador (1997)
    Springer
    Oecologia 111 (1997), S. 109-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Crab transport  ;  Rhizophora  ;  Litter fall  ;  Ucides occidentalis  ;  Detritus export
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The hypothesis that rates of litter turnover in mangroves are controlled by local geophysical processes such as tides has been studied at sites with mostly small tides (〈1 m) and minor crab consumption of leaf litter. Our study describes litter dynamics of three riverine mangrove sites (M1, M2, M3), inhabited by the mangrove crab Ucides occidentalis, located in a macrotidal (〉3 m) river-dominated tropical estuary in Ecuador (2.5°S latitude). There were statistical effects of site and depth on soil salinities, but all mean salinities were 〈17 g kg−1. Daily rates of leaf litter fall were higher in the rainy compared to the dry season, although no seasonal effects were observed for other components of litter fall. Annual total litter fall rates were significantly different among sites at 10.64, 6.47, and 7.87 Mg ha−1 year−1 for M1, M2, and M3, respectively. There were significant site (M3 〉 M2 〉 M1) and season (rainy 〉 dry) effects on leaf degradation, and both effects were related to differences in the initial nitrogen content of senescent leaves. Mean leaf litter standing crop among the sites ranged from 1.53 to 9.18 g m−2, but amounts were strongly seasonal with peak values during September in both years of our study (no significant year effect) at all three sites. Leaf turnover rates based on leaf fall estimates and litter standing crop were 10- to 20-fold higher than estimated from rates of leaf degradation, indicating the significant effect of leaf transport by tides and crabs. Field experiments demonstrated that the mangrove crab can remove daily additions of leaf material within 1 h at all three sites, except during August–October, when the crab is inactive on the forest floor. Even though there is seasonally elevated leaf accumulation on the forest floor during this time, leaf turnover rates are much higher than expected based on leaf degradation, demonstrating the importance of tidal export. This is the first description of how crabs influence litter dynamics in the New World tropics, and results are similar to higher rates of crab transport of leaf litter in the Old World tropics. Even in riverine mangroves with high geophysical energies, patterns of litter dynamics can be influenced by ecological processes such as crab transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050214
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The molecular organization of nerve membranes (1971)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 6 (1971), S. 289-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The lipid content and composition from an axolemma-rich preparation isolated from squid retinal axons was analyzed. The lipids, which accounted for 45.5% of the dry weight of this membrane, were composed of 22% cholesterol, 66.7% phospholipids and 5.2% free fatty acids. The negatively charged species phosphatidyl ethanolamine (37%), phosphatidyl serine (10%) and lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine (4%) made up 51% of the phospholipids. The amphoteric phosphatidyl choline and sphingomyelin accounted for 39% and 4%, respectively. The relative distribution of fatty acids in each of the isolated phospholipids was studied. The most remarkable feature of these phospholipids was the large proportion of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. The 22∶6 acyl chain accounted for 37% in phosphatidyl ethanolamine, 21.7% in phosphatidyl choline, 17.5% on phosphatidyl serine and 20.3% in sphingomyelin (all expressed as area %). The molar fraction of unsaturated fatty acids reached 65% in phosphatidyl ethanolamine and 42.0 and 44.8% in phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl serine, respectively. The double bond index in these species varied between 1.0 and 2.6. The lipid composition of the axolemma-rich preparation isolated from squid retinal axons appears to be similar to other excitable plasma membranes in two important features: (a) a low cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio of 0.61; and (b) the polyunsaturated nature of the fatty acid of their phospholipids. This particular chemical composition may contribute a great deal to the molecular unstability of excitable membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02116575
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfatide role in the sodium pump (1981)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 63 (1981), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Sulfatide ; function ; red cells ; sodium transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Sodium efflux was studied in22Na-loaded red blood cells in the presence of arylsulfatase, an enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes sulfatide. Sodium efflux was inhibited in proportion to the amount of arylsulfatase present. Maximum inhibition was almost as high as the efflux obtained in medium with K+ absent. At maximum inhibition 83.2% of the sulfatide content of the fragmented red blood cell membranes was hydrolyzed and ouabain-sensitive (Na++K+)-ATPase activity was inhibited by 100%. Sodium efflux, sulfatide content, and (Na++K+)-ATPase activity were unaffected with arylsulfatase in the presence of a high concentration of sulfatide. These results indicate that sulfatide plays a specific role in sodium and potassium ion transport. They also suggest that most sulfatide is localized externally in the red blood cell membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01969447
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfatide content and (Na++K+)-ATPase activity of skin and gill during larval development of the chilean frog,Calyptocephalella caudiverbera (1979)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 51 (1979), S. 347-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The sulfatide content, phospholipid concentration, and (Na++K+)-ATPase activity from skin and gills of different stages of larval development ofCalyptocephalella caudiverbera (a Chilean frog) were analyzed. Additionally, the short-circuit current in skin was studied. When skin and gills, depending on the stage of larval development, present (Na++K+)-ATPase activity, they have a high ratio of sulfatide to amount of membrane and the phosphatidylserine concentration remains unchanged. Sulfatide content and (Na++K+)-ATPase activity in skin are in direct relationship with the level of sodium flux present during development. The specific enzymatic hydrolysis of sulfatide with partially purified arylsulfatase of pig kidney inhibits 100% of the ouabain-sensitive (Na++K+)-ATPase. The ouabain-insensitive ATPase remains virtually unchanged with the treatment, even with a high concentration of arylsulfatase or with ouabain present in the medium. These experiments strongly suggest a role of sulfatides in the (Na++K+)-ATPase activity and, as a consequence, in sodium ion transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01869091
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nucleus lateralis tuberis system of the gobiid fish Gillichthys mirabilis (1970)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 110 (1970), S. 9-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Nucleus lateralis tuberis ; Gillichthys ; Ultrastructure ; Histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The nucleus lateralis tuberis (NLT) system of the teleost fish Gillichthys mirabilis was studied with respect to the anatomical organization and distribution of the neurosecretory neurons and the nature of their secretory material. NLT neurons occur in several different areas in the tuberal region of the hypothalamus, located immediately above the pituitary gland. Only the lateral and rostral NLT neurons show definite secretory activity. These neurons, generally of large size, contain numerous large granulated vesicles (LGV), 900–1,000 Å in diameter; on the other hand, the medial and ventrolateral neurons, forming a single layer of cells, are of small size and do not appear to be secretory. LGV are positive after ethanol-phosphotungstic acid (E-PTA) and zinc iodide-osmium tetroxide (ZIO) impregnations. Lateral and rostral neurosecretory neurons also show strong yellow-to-green specific fluorescence after the Falck-Hillarp technique, a strong indication that LGV are the site of catecholamine storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343982
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histology and ultrastructure of the neurohypophysis of the south american lungfish, Lepidosiren paradoxa (1972)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 131 (1972), S. 47-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurohypophysis ; Lungfish ; Ultrastructure ; Histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The neurohypophysis of the South American lungfish Lepidosiren paradoxa has been studied with light and electron microscopy, including the Falck-Hillarp technique for catecholamines. The pars nervosa hypophyseos is a well-marked, dorsally located subdivision of the pituitary gland composed of lobes or follicles, each one constituted of a central core of ependymal cells, a subependymal hilar region made up of nerve fibers and a peripheric palisade zone of nerve endings which contact capillary vessels. Four types of neurosecretory axons can be distinguished under the electron microscope. Type I, the most common, contains spherical elementary granules of high electron density, 1500–1800 Å in diameter. The scarce type II axons contain irregularly-shaped elementary granules. Type III contains only small clear vesicles, 400–600 Å in diameter. Type IV, mostly present in regions of the gland contacting the pars intermedia, contain large granulated vesicles, 900–1000 Å in diameter. The Falck-Hillarp technique revealed axons with a positive reaction for catecholamines at sites corresponding approximately to the location of type IV of the electron microscope. Ependymal cells are of large size, linking the cerebrospinal fluid, the nerve endings and the blood vessels. A conspicuous membrane-bound, spherical dense material, 1400–2000 Å in diameter, is observed in both the apical and vascular processes of these cells. The ependymal processes which traverse the hilar and palisade regions contain structures resembling degenerated neurosecretory axons. These results are discussed in relation with the currently available information on the comparative anatomy of the pars nervosa. The possible functional significance of ependymal cells and of each type of axon are also discussed. This study was aided by the following grants: NIH NS 06953 to Prof. De Robertis, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas to Prof. Zambrano, Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires and Comisión de Investigaciones Cientificas de la Universidad Nacional de la Plata: to Prof. Iturriza. The authors are indebted to Prof. De Robertis for his generosity in granting us his laboratory facilities, and to Dr. F. J. J. Risso and Mr. A. Fernández (Resistencia, Chaco) who provided the specimens used in this study. The able microtechnical assistance of Miss L. Riboldazzi and Mrs. R. Raña and the photographic work of Mr. A. Saenz are much appreciated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307200
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