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  • 1
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    Influence of structural heterogeneity on the structural coarsening during annealing of polycrystalline Ni subjected to dynamic plastic deformation (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-08
    Description: The structural heterogeneity of a polycrystalline Ni subjected to dynamic plastic deformation to a strain of 2.3 was characterized, and its influence on the structural coarsening behaviour during post annealing was investigated. Structural heterogeneity on the large scale manifests itself by formation of two types of layers: low misoriented regions (LMRs) and highly misoriented regions (HMRs). On the small scale, the heterogeneity was characterized by different distributions of boundaries and textures in each layer. LMRs contain only low angle boundaries and one dominating crystallographic orientation. In contrast HMRs contain both low and high angle boundaries (〉15?) and the texture is mixed with close to the compression axis. During annealing, LMRs coarsen uniformly and recrystallization nucleation is difficult to form. In HMRs, the structural evolution is heterogeneous and recrystallization nuclei are readily formed. The importance of structural heterogeneity du...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 2
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    Application of chaotic prediction model based on wavelet transform on water quality prediction (2016)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: Dissolved oxygen (DO) is closely related to water self-purification capacity. In order to better forecast its concentration, the chaotic prediction model, based on the wavelet transform, is proposed and applied to a certain monitoring section of the Mentougou area of the Haihe River Basin. The result is compared with the simple application of the chaotic prediction model. The study indicates that the new model aligns better with the real data and has a higher accuracy. Therefore, it will provide significant decision support for water protection and water environment treatment.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 3
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    Annealing effects on structure and mechanical properties of CoCrFeNiTiAl x high-entropy alloys (2011)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2011-04-08
    Description: Novel CoCrFeNiTiAl x (x:molar ratio, other elements are equimolar) high-entropy alloys were prepared by vacuum arc melting and these alloys were subsequently annealed at 1000 °C for 2 h. The annealing effects on structure and mechanical properties were investigated. Compared with the as-cast alloys, there are many complex intermetallic phases precipitated from the solid solution matrix in the as-annealed alloys with Al content lower than Al 1.0 . Only simple BCC solid solution structure appears in the as-annealed Al 1.5 and Al 2.0 alloys. This kind of alloys exhibit high resistance to anneal softening. Most as-annealed alloys possess even higher Visker hardness than the as-cast ones. The as-annealed Al 0.5 alloys shows the highest compressive strength while the Al 0 alloy exhibits the best ductility, which is about 2.6 GPa and 13%, respectively. The CoCrFeNiTiAl x high-entropy alloys possess integrated high temp...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 4
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    Basin Division Method for TIN-based DEM with Face-Node-Edge Flow Mode (2014)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-19
    Description: The basin serving as a basic unit is of great importance for flood inundation and other hydrological fields. Most existing basin division methods have been proposed for a raster-based DEM and used in some hydrological software, such as the ArcHydro tool and the RiverTool. Unfortunately, raster has some limitations when compared to TIN; specifically, it cannot depict real ground water flow accurately and reasonably. Referring to the natural law of gravity, which dictates water flowing from high to low areas, we present a Face-Node-Edge (FNE) flow mode for TIN-based DEM. The FNE flow mode assumes the water on each triangle facet flows to its lowest node initially. The water on the lowest node then flows along the steepest edge to its neighbour node; the flow continues until the neighbour nodes' elevations are higher than its own. Meanwhile, upstream triangles pass their flow flags to the downstream triangles along the flow path. After that we can generate basins according to the f...
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 5
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    Quantitative Effects of the Spectral Calibration Accuracy of the Imaging Spectrometer on the Vegetation Red Edge (2014)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-19
    Description: The red edge position (REP) has been widely used to estimate vegetation parameters and also as a sensitive indicator of vegetation stress. Detailed characterizations of REP can be easily achieved from hyperspectral data obtained from imaging spectrometers. After launch of imaging spectrometers, shift in the center wavelength of the spectral channel may occur due to the vibrations and aging of components. In this paper, we firstly proposed a method to quantify the effects of the spectral shift of imaging spectrometers on the REP. The fundamental basis of the method was the simulation of the vegetation reflectance spectra after spectral shift (SSR). The quantitative relationship between the spectral shift value and the REP derived from the SSR was analysed. The result showed a significant linear relationship between spectral shift value and REP error (R 2 =0.9932). For a 10nm resolution spectrometer, channel center wavelength errors of 10%, 30% and 50% would introduce 0.8...
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  • 6
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    Influence of runner clearance on efficiency and cavitation in kaplan turbine (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: Since the clearance between the runner shroud and the hub can change with the angle of the blades, it has a great influence on the hydraulic characteristics and cavitation performance in the Kaplan Turbine. In this paper, the CFD will be used to solve the turbulence model based on the k-ωSST model in the entire flow field of the turbine and the Zwart-Gerber-Belamri model will be used to predict the cavitation. We compare the hydraulic characteristics and cavitation performance of the Kaplan Turbine under the conditions of the runner clearance exist or the runner clearance absence. Finally, we analysis the influence of the clearance width in the hydraulic performance and the relationship between the clearances and the turbine characteristics.
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  • 7
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    Numerical prediction of hydraulic performance in model and homologous prototype Pelton turbine (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: Pelton turbine is widely used in in utilizing the high water head resource. The multiphase flow in the Pelton turbine is too complex to be analysed detailed as the flow in the reaction turbines. So the hydraulic design of Pelton turbine was mainly based on the know-how. The homologous turbine model was the only way to verify its performance in the past. Although an efficiency scale-up equation for Pelton turbines had established in the IEC 60193 code, researches had shown different internal flow phenomena would influence the efficiency scale effects and lead to different efficiency scale for different turbine design. This paper simulates the internal flow of model and homologous prototype Pelton turbine at three relative needle strokes. Homogenous model and SST k - ω model will be adopted to simulate the unsteady two-phase flow in the rotating buckets. Unsteady simulation results would help to numerical investigate the scale effect of Pelton turbine.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
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  • 8
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    Numerical Simulation Analysis of Temperature Control of Large Volume Concrete Aqueduct (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-12-20
    Description: The Equivalent Heat Transfer Coefficient Method (EHTCM) is extended to the simulation of transient heat transfer problems for Large-scale concrete aqueducts in the construction process. The present EHTCM consists of the following ingredients: (1) a novel cell death and birth technique is proposed to deal with the existence or nonexistence of the concrete insulation layers, and hence the construction process of aqueducts can be easily simulated; (2) a simplified formula for specific heat transfer is implemented to improve the efficiency of transient computations. Several typical models and examples are selected to verify the performance of this method. On the basis of the weakened weak formulation, the EHTCM is spatially stable and convergent to the exact solution. The EHTCM can achieve the same results in accuracy and convergence rate, in comparison with the actual model method.
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  • 9
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    Hierarchical Topology Analysis Method for Substations Based on Electrical Bays (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-11-06
    Description: According to the requirements of the advanced applications in smart substations, hierarchical topology analysis method based on electrical bays is proposed in this paper. Based on the node connection relationships of each device in the substation, all primary devices can be organized into the hierarchical structure as “transformer (winding) - bus - electrical bay”. The typical 3/2 circuit breaker connection and the inner bridge connection are also recognized. On this basis, the identification of the static topology and the judgment of the dynamic connectivity in the main wiring diagram of the substations are realized, which is helpful in the quick search of the devices. The topology analysis method introduced in this paper will effectively support the advanced applications for substations such as fault diagnosis, state estimation, the status analysis of electrical bays and so on.
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  • 10
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    Fault diagnosis and classification for photovoltaic arrays based on principal component analysis and support vector machine (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2018-10-31
    Description: In order to dig out more typical features of photovoltaic (PV) with multitudinous characteristic parameters, and realize fault diagnosis and classification for PV arrays effectively. A method based on principal component analysis (PCA) has been proposed in this paper. At first, the data set of PV array is processed by PCA and then a transform matrix is produced. Second, the processed data will be classified by supporting vector machine (SVM). Finally, a classification model will be built. Two sets of data, collected from PV simulation system and actual PV array, are adopted to examine this method. The result shows that the method is able to recognize four kinds of states accurately (normal, open circuit, short circuit and partial shadow). Consequently, the fault of PV array can be diagnosed and classified.
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    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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