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  • 1
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    A Single-Machine Two-Agent Scheduling Problem by a Branch-and-Bound and Three Simulated Annealing Algorithms (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-13
    Description: In the field of distributed decision making, different agents share a common processing resource, and each agent wants to minimize a cost function depending on its jobs only. These issues arise in different application contexts, including real-time systems, integrated service networks, industrial districts, and telecommunication systems. Motivated by its importance on practical applications, we consider two-agent scheduling on a single machine where the objective is to minimize the total completion time of the jobs of the first agent with the restriction that an upper bound is allowed the total completion time of the jobs for the second agent. For solving the proposed problem, a branch-and-bound and three simulated annealing algorithms are developed for the optimal solution, respectively. In addition, the extensive computational experiments are also conducted to test the performance of the algorithms.
    Print ISSN: 1026-0226
    Electronic ISSN: 1607-887X
    Topics: Mathematics
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 2
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    Preparation of N- Using a Microwave/Sol-Gel Method and Its Photocatalytic Activity for Bisphenol A under Visible-Light and Sunlight Irradiation (2013)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-25
    Description: This study applied the microwave/sol-gel method to prepare nitrogen-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2). The N-TiO2 was immobilized in glass balls to form N-TiO2/glass beads and applied to degrade Bisphenol A (BPA) under visible-light and sunlight irradiation. The characteristics of the prepared photocatalysts were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Experimental results demonstrate that the percentage of anatase increased as the amount of N in N-TiO2 increased. Compared with the undoped TiO2 (420 nm), spectra show that the absorption edge shifted to a longer wavelength (445 nm) after N doping. The XPS characterization confirms the substitution of crystal lattice O to N species in N-TiO2, forming Ti–O–N and N–Ti–O. With an increased N/Ti ratio, photodegradation efficiency increased and then decreased; moreover, the optimal amount for N doping was determined as an N/Ti mole ratio of 0.08 (0.1 NT). The efficiency of 0.1 NT in doing BPA photodegradation was greater than that of Degussa P25. After reaction for 61 min, the mineralization percentage of 0.1 NT under visible-light irradiation reached 41%. Photocatalyst efficiency decreased as the number of repeats increased in the visible-light/N-TiO2 system; however, these systems were stable during reaction.
    Print ISSN: 1110-662X
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-529X
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 3
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    Closed-Loop Identification of Power System Based on Ambient Data (2012)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2012-05-10
    Description: Small fluctuations caused by random changes of loads exist continuously in power grids, which are called ambient signals. Using time-synchronized phasor measurements, the closed-loop identification of power system based on ambient data is discussed, which can reflect accurate operating conditions currently and provide critical information for system analyzing and controller designing. The closed-loop identification of a power system with multiple disturbances is theoretically studied, including the closed-loop identifiability, the consistency properties, and the convergence properties. The requirements for realizing the closed-loop identification are summarized, and the theoretical research results are validated by simulation examples.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 4
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    Pattern Synthesis of Planar Nonuniform Circular Antenna Arrays Using a Chaotic Adaptive Invasive Weed Optimization Algorithm (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-06-20
    Description: A novel invasive weed optimization (IWO) variant called chaotic adaptive invasive weed optimization (CAIWO) is proposed and applied for the optimization of nonuniform circular antenna arrays. A chaotic search method has been combined into the modified IWO with adaptive dispersion, where the seeds produced by a weed are dispersed in the search space with standard deviation specified by the fitness value of the weed. To evaluate the performance of CAIWO, several representative benchmark functions are minimized using various optimization algorithms. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed approach improves the performance of the algorithm significantly, in terms of both the convergence speed and exploration ability. Moreover, the scheme of CAIWO is employed to find out an optimal set of weights and antenna element separation to obtain a radiation pattern with maximum side-lobe level (SLL) reduction with different numbers of antenna element under two cases with different purposes. The design results obtained by CAIWO have comfortably outperformed the published results obtained by other state-of-the-art metaheuristics in a statistically meaningful way.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 5
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    A Novel Hybrid Model for Short-Term Forecasting in PV Power Generation (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-07-01
    Description: The increasing use of solar power as a source of electricity has led to increased interest in forecasting its power output over short-time horizons. Short-term forecasts are needed for operational planning, switching sources, programming backup, reserve usage, and peak load matching. However, the output of a photovoltaic (PV) system is influenced by irradiation, cloud cover, and other weather conditions. These factors make it difficult to conduct short-term PV output forecasting. In this paper, an experimental database of solar power output, solar irradiance, air, and module temperature data has been utilized. It includes data from the Green Energy Office Building in Malaysia, the Taichung Thermal Plant of Taipower, and National Penghu University. Based on the historical PV power and weather data provided in the experiment, all factors that influence photovoltaic-generated energy are discussed. Moreover, five types of forecasting modules were developed and utilized to predict the one-hour-ahead PV output. They include the ARIMA, SVM, ANN, ANFIS, and the combination models using GA algorithm. Forecasting results show the high precision and efficiency of this combination model. Therefore, the proposed model is suitable for ensuring the stable operation of a photovoltaic generation system.
    Print ISSN: 1110-662X
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-529X
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 6
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    Thinning of Concentric Circular Antenna Arrays Using Improved Binary Invasive Weed Optimization Algorithm (2015)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: This study presents a novel optimization algorithm based on invasive weed optimization (IWO) for reduction of the maximum side lobe level (SLL) with specific half power beam width (HPBW) of thinned large multiple concentric circular arrays of uniformly excited isotropic elements. IWO is a powerful optimization technique for many continuous problems. But, for discrete problems, it does not work well. In this paper, the authors propose an improved binary IWO (IBIWO) for pattern synthesis of thinned circular array. The thinning percentage of the array is kept equal to or more than 50% and the HPBW is attempted to be equal to or less than that of a fully populated, uniformly excited, and half wavelength spaced concentric circular array of the same number of elements and rings. Simulation results are compared with previous published results of DE, MPSO, and BBO to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method for concentric circular arrays.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 7
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    Stability Optimization of Trapezoidal Frame with Rigid Members and Flexible Joints (2020)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2020-06-02
    Description: Stability has been an important subject in the design of a portal frame structure. Conventional stability analysis of the portal frame is normally conducted assuming that all the joints are rigid. However, the joints of a portal frame in real applications are not always rigid and semirigid connections often exist. AISC design code requires that the effect of the joint flexibility on the behavior and buckling capacity of the portal frame should be taken into account in the analysis and design procedures. To address this issue, a portal frame with flexible joints and rigid members was theoretically analyzed in the literature and closed form solution was derived for its global buckling load. However, when more parameters are involved, e.g., different leg lengths, asymmetric frame shape, and moving load, the solution to the governing equation of the stability of the frame becomes impossible. This paper presents a comprehensive parametric study on the stability of an asymmetric portal frame with flexible joints and rigid members through finite element (FE) analysis. The FE model was first validated by the existing theoretical solution in the literature. Parameters including the position of the moving load, the lengths of the two frame legs, and the span of the frame were analyzed. Design curves were developed based on the parametric study, from which the stable, unstable, and catastrophically unstable states of the portal frame were characterized. This paper contributes benchmark results for the stability optimization in the design of the portable frame of a general shape.
    Print ISSN: 1687-8086
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-8094
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 8
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    Bond Behavior between BFRP Rebar and Seawater Sea Sand Concrete (2020)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2020-09-25
    Description: Seawater sea sand concrete (SWSSC) is a promising alternative to ordinary concrete in terms of saving valuable natural resources of freshwater and river sand. Basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) rebars can be a good solution to corrosion of steel rebars in SWSSC. This paper presents an experimental study on the bond behavior between SWSSC and BFRP rebars through pullout testing. Concrete mixed with freshwater and river sand was also prepared for comparison with SWSSC. BFRP rebars with two different surface configurations were selected, that is, ribbed surface and sand-coated surface. Fly ash as a replacement of cement was also investigated in terms of its effect on bond behavior. Failure modes, bond-slip relationships, and bond strengths were reported and discussed in terms of the previously mentioned parameters. It was found that ribbed surface of BFRP rebar could achieve better mechanical interlocking with surrounding concrete. SWSSC could have comparative bond strength with BFRP rebar compared with ordinary concrete. However, using fly ash to replace cement is not recommended because it would significantly reduce concrete strength leading to much lower bond at the interface between SWSSC and BFRP rebar.
    Print ISSN: 1687-8086
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-8094
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 9
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    Evaluation of Ground Displacements Caused by Installing Jet Grouted Columns Using Machine Learning Methods (2020)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-09-21
    Description: During the jet grouting process, large volumes of high pressurized fluids injected into the soils will cause significant ground displacements, which may bring harmful impacts on surrounding environment. Therefore, it is essential to provide an accurate estimation of the ground displacement in the design stage. Based on multiple nonlinear regression (MNLR) and support vector regression (SVR), the prediction approaches are established, respectively. The column radius (Rc), Young’s modulus (E), and distance from column center to target point (LOA) are selected as the input parameters, while the displacement of target point A at the radial direction (δA) is taken as the output parameter. Comparisons results on the prediction performance of ground displacements indicate that the MNLR-based approach has a better prediction effect. The design charts of the MNLR-based approach for predicting the ground displacement are created, which will be helpful for the practicing engineers to get a quick estimation.
    Print ISSN: 1687-8086
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-8094
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 10
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    Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Polarimetric Imaging Technology (2016)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-01
    Print ISSN: 1687-725X
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-7268
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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