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  • Books  (4)
  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry  (4)
  • MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (4)
  • Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Anthocyanins are natural plant pigments, responsible for many of the orange/red/purple/blue colors of many flowers, fruits, and vegetables. These colorants play important roles in plants, such as conferring UV protection and antimicrobial properties, and they are also implicated to have many potential human health-promoting properties. Research works and epidemiological studies have indicated these plant pigments to be beneficial in the reduction of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. For these reasons, there is increasing interest in their incorporation in foods, drugs, cosmetics, and dietary supplements as naturally derived colorants and health-promoting compounds. There is a large natural diversity in the chemical composition of anthocyanin pigments. More than 700 unique anthocyanin structures have been identified, and each has unique colorimetric, reactivity, and health-promoting properties. With such a great number of unique anthocyanins and increasing interest in their use, there is a considerable need to better understand the factors affecting their production and accumulation in plants, the factors affecting their stability and colorimetric properties, and their metabolism and mechanisms for disease alleviation. This Special Issue includes several new research works dedicated to these topics and a review of the current knowledge of anthocyanin chemistry affecting their application in food and nutrition.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; QD415-436 ; TX341-641 ; and cosmetics ; Natural colorants ; Botanical aspects ; Anthocyanin chemistry and application ; drugs ; Anthocyanin absorption and metabolism ; Anthocyanins ; Color quality of foods ; Anthocyanin Bioactivity and functionality ; Chronic diseases reduction ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Dear Colleagues, Determinations of the indentation hardness properties of crystals have expanded to cover the full characterizations of their important elastic, plastic and cracking behaviors, particularly as accomplished with the increased measuring capabilities of nanoindentation hardness testing. No crystal structure of any bonding type is either too soft or too hard to prevent measurement with a suitable probing indenter. The current Special Issue is devoted to surveying the topic with emphasis given in a collection of reports to: (1) the diversity of crystals being tested; (2) the variety of measuring techniques; and (3) the wealth of information being obtained. Prof. Dr. Ron Armstrong Dr. Stephen Walley Prof. Dr. Wayne L. Elban Guest Editors
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; elastic loading ; plastic deformation ; indentation fracture mechanics ; indentation hardness ; nanoindentation testing ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Many macro and micro species, from terrestrial and aquatic environments, produce structurally unique compounds and, in many countries, still are the primary sources of medicines. In fact, secondary metabolites are an important source of chemotherapeutic agents but are also lead compounds for synthetic modification and the optimization of biological activity. Therefore, the exploitation of secondary metabolites, or their inspired synthetic compounds, offers excellent opportunities for the pharmaceutical industry. This Medicines Special Issue focuses on the great potential of secondary metabolites for therapeutic application. The Special Issue contains 16 articles reporting relevant experimental results, and an overview of bioactive secondary metabolites, their biological effects, and new methodologies that improve and accelerate the process of obtained lead compounds with regard to new drug development. We would like to thank all 83 authors, from all over the world, for their valuable contributions to this Special Issue.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Q1-390 ; antitumor ; triterpenoids ; seaweeds ; diterpenes ; Boswellia ; antioxidant activity ; antiplasmodial ; Maytenus chiapensis ; phenolic derivatives ; secondary metabolites ; medicinal applications ; Malus x domestica ; pectin ; cytotoxic activity ; xanthine oxidase ; phytochemistry ; antioxidant ; Scabiosa ; sugars ; sargaquinoic acid ; pentacyclic triterpenoids ; analysis ; antimicrobial and anticancer activity ; iridoids ; Tuscany ; GC-MS ; (-)-rabdosiin ; kratom ; plant defense ; cembranoids ; tingenone ; deoxypodophyllotoxin ; anticancer ; pristimerin ; inflammation ; boswellic acids ; plants ; anti-inflammatory ; legalization ; Mitragyna speciosa ; Ocimum sanctum ; cordycepin ; cytotoxic ; medicine ; Artemisia species ; antimicrobial activity ; lignans ; Artemisia vachanica ; Cordyceps militaris ; frankincense ; ancient varieties ; sargahydroquinoic acid ; Tajikistan ; antiSMASH ; ABTS ; polyphenols ; therapeutics ; infectious diseases ; antibacterial ; nutraceutics ; total phenolics ; LC-MS/MS ; innate immunity ; HPLC-PAD ; sarganaphthoquinoic acid ; biosynthetic gene clusters ; DPPH ; EGCG ; cneorubenoids ; PPAR-? ; bowel diseases ; amentoflavone ; molecular docking ; sargachromenoic acid ; cannabinoids ; flavonoids ; essential oils ; TCM ; HPLC-PDA ; ascorbic acid ; antioxidants ; Lamiaceae ; nanoemulsion ; malaria ; therapeutic uses ; quinonemethide triterpenoids ; artemisinin ; natural products ; biological activities ; FRAP ; toxicology ; defensins ; Celastraceae ; cannabis ; vector control ; Juniperus ; analytical determination ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The past decades have seen major developments in the understanding of the cellular and molecular biology of cancer. Significant progress has been achieved regarding long-term survival for the patients of many cancers with the use of tamoxifen for treatment of breast cancer, treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia with imatinib, and the success of biological drugs. The transition from cytotoxic chemotherapy to targeted cancer drug discovery and development has resulted in an increasing selection of tools available to oncologists. In this Special Issue of Pharmaceuticals, we highlight the opportunities and challenges in the discovery and design of innovative cancer therapies, novel small-molecule cancer drugs and antibody–drug conjugates, with articles covering a variety of anticancer therapies and potential relevant disease states and applications. Significant efforts are being made to develop and improve cancer treatments and to translate basic research findings into clinical use, resulting in improvements in survival rates and quality of life for cancer patients. We demonstrate the possibilities and scope for future research in these areas and also highlight the challenges faced by scientists in the area of anticancer drug development leading to improved targeted treatments and better survival rates for cancer patients.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; Q1-390 ; graphene oxide ; indole ; androgens ; cyclooxygenase-2 ; cyclooxygenase-1 ; heteropolysaccharide ; drug conjugation ; drug delivery ; ellipticine ; chemical linker ; oesophageal cancer ; antiproliferative activity ; topoisomerase II ; ?-lactam ; DSD ; antibody ; topoisomerase inhibitors ; magnetic targeting ; cisplatin resistance ; steroidogenesis ; [18F]FDG PET/CT ; heterocyclic chemistry ; dehydroepiandrosterone ; antimitotic ; 3-vinylazetidin-2-ones ; glioblastoma ; and cancer therapy ; intestinal mucositis ; Combretastatin A-4 ; metabolism ; anti-cancer drugs ; maghemite ; COX-1 inhibitor ; anticancer ; CYP17A1 ; conjugate and hybrid drugs ; inflammation ; snticancer drugs ; P450c17 ; tumorigenesis ; cisplatin ; biomarker profiling ; cancer drug design ; tubulin ; cytochrome P450 ; 5-fluorouracil ; prostate cancer ; abiraterone ; NCI screen ; radiation ; cancer immunotherapy ; microtubule targeted drugs ; cancer ; treatment resistance ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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