ALBERT

Description: Nowadays, distributed generation (DG) is a new option in the power systems to meet the electrical demand growth as well as conventional methods such as substation reinforcement and feeder replacement. This paper presents a new approach to solve single and multi-objective distribution system expansion planning problem including DG and conventional method simultaneously. Since this optimization problem has a nonlinear complex nature, classical mathematical method cannot guarantee to achieve the global optimum solution. So, to overcome this encumbrance, a heuristic evolutionary algorithm based on binary particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. The objective functions of this optimization problem are total expansion cost, voltage deviation, and system losses. The model resolves decision variables as follows: location and size of the DG units, new transformers, and upgraded feeders. This paper proposes several non-dominated solutions, so the decision maker can choose the optimal solution based on the importance of the different objectives. The 9-bus and 30-bus distribution test systems are utilized to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Description: There are various sources of uncertainty in power systems. Solar and wind forecasting inaccuracies, price forecasting errors, load and demand response forecasting volatilities are some types of uncertainty. In addition, the possibility of outage of power system components such as lines, generating units, and loads can deteriorate the operation condition and compromise the security of power system. Hence, in order to reach a more secure operation, the uncertainties must be included in the scheduling to enhance the robustness and resiliency of power system against possible imbalances and contingencies. The inclusion of probabilistic concepts into the security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) makes the solution of this problem more complex. However, incorporation of them into the SCUC ensures the secure operation of the power system and inhibits drastic detriments. Furthermore, the compressed air energy storage (CAES) technology is utilized to mitigate the intermittencies and uncertainties. The uncertainties are modeled by using scenario generation techniques. The simulation of a large number of stochastic scenarios considering a variety of uncertainties inclines the results to the most probable condition of realization. The results show that even though the stochastic approaches have higher operational cost but it maintains the security of the system for withstanding against plausible uncertainties and contingencies, which may occur due to whether inaccurate forecasting and consequently inappropriate scheduling or maintaining inadequate generation reserve or transmission capacity. In addition, the integration of CAES units has diminished the total cost of operation and has improved the penetration of renewable resources regard to the congestion of the system, especially at peak hours.

Description: In this study, an economic model is proposed to simulate the optimal operation of a grid-connected microgrid regard to the uncertainties of microgrids’ components. In this study, the wind farms are considered as renewable resources and an innovative technology of advanced rail energy storage (ARES) is deployed as a storage unit. In the optimization model, the stochastic nature of wind energy and the intermittency of loads are contemplated in the model by employing scenario-based Monte Carlo approach to simulate the implication of uncertainties. The objective function of the optimization problem is defined subject to maximize the profit of microgrid’s components, and the problem is solved by employing crow search algorithm (CSA). Ultimately, the results of the numerical study are presented and discussed which confirm the effectiveness of the model and appropriate performance of the selected storage technology.

Description: The interconnection of different loads and renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic system, wind turbines system and storage system to a distribution network leads to a new energy structure known as the Microgrid. This paper presents the analysis and operation of the microgrid hybrid energy system with power quality improvement features.  In order to enhance the capacity to improve the power quality and stability of microgrid hybrid energy system, a hysteresis based bi-directional Power Transfer strategy with power harmonic filter is presented. This includes two modes i.e. inverter side power flow mode and DC/ DC converter side power flow mode. The inverter side power flow mode is defined as the method of extracting power from the DC Microgrid and using it to boost the grid, and the DC/DC converter mode utilizes the grid power to provide power back to the DC microgrid for feeding local DC loads. The scheme goals to: minimize the disturbance in the output voltage of DC/DC converter, regulate the output voltage of the 3-phase inverter, compensate the wind power and solar irradiance changes, bi-directional power transfer, to reduce the carbon emission from the ENNOR thermal power plant-India  and to enhance the power quality of the system. Therefore a dc to dc converter is employed with bi directional power flow capabilities to integrate the wind and solar sources to the microgrid. A wind/solar hybrid microgrid model is developed using the MATLAB Simulink/SimPower systems toolbox. 

Description: The depletion of fossil fuel resources day by day has required for another source of energy to fulfill the present energy demands. Solar energy is a clean, vast and reliable energy source to meet up the present energy scenario in the world.  Due to lack of renewable energy sources available, solar energy system has gained attention and this system is being developed rapidly in the recent yeaINR Nowadays, there is a need of continuous supply of energy to feed the different types of loads, solar system cannot provide the supply continuously so storage system is necessary with the system, this would further increase the cost of system . Alternatively if the solar photovoltaic system is connected to the grid then there is no need of storage devices. This paper proposed the effective low cost 10 KW grid-connected solar photovoltaic system to meet up the load demands. From between the two systems that have been considered for solar power generation, this grid-connected solar photovoltaic system is best suited for small scale industry/ commercial buildings having the lowest cost of energy as INR 3.20/kWh.