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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Grâce à l'observation continue des océans, les satellites permettent de dresser un état de plus en plus précis du « paysage océanique ». Ce paysage, affiné en temps quasi réel, est précieux pour les pécheurs qui peuvent alors localiser les concentrations de poissons et ainsi réduire significativement leur poste de prospection. Ce même paysage, porté à la connaissance des gestionnaires publics des pêcheries et des spécialistes de la dynamique des populations de poissons, est une information incontournable pour établir les bases et règlements d'une gestion durable de la ressource. La lecture des données satellitaires donne par ailleurs aux scientifiques des clés pour la compréhension des déplacements des bancs de poissons à différentes échelles spatio-temporelles ainsi que certains paramètres nécessaires au calcul du potentiel halieutique des régions océaniques. À partir de l'étude de la pêche palangrière à l'espadon depuis l'île de la Réunion, cet ouvrage présente l'approche de l'halieutique opérationnelle par télédétection et la démarche scientifique associée, tout en en indiquant les limites. Il donne également les outils et méthodes de télédétection ainsi que des exemples d'analyse croisée des données environnementales et des captures. Professionnels de la pèche, gestionnaires publics ou chercheurs pourront ainsi établir leur propre diagnostic en rapport avec leurs préoccupations.
    Keywords: QH1-278.5 ; océan indien ; ressources halieutiques ; télédétection ; pêche à la palangre ; espadon ; pêche commerciale
    Language: French
    Format: image/png
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2020-12-11
    Description: The past few decades have seen a marked acceleration in the amount of marine observation data derived using both in situ and remote sensing measurements. For example, high-frequency monitoring of key physical-chemical parameters has become an essential tool for assessing natural and human-induced changes in coastal waters as well as their consequences on society. The number and variety of data acquisition techniques require efficient methods of improving data availability. The challenge is to make ocean data available via interoperable portals, which facilitate data sharing according to Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) principles for producers and users. Ocean DAta Information and Services (ODATIS) aims to become a unique gateway to all French marine data, regardless of the discipline (e.g., physics, chemistry, biogeochemistry, biology, sedimentology). ODATIS is the ocean cluster of the Data Terra research infrastructure for Earth data, which relies on a network of data and service centers (DSC) supported by the major French oceanic research organizations (CNRS, CNES, Ifremer, IRD, SHOM; Marine Universities). ODATIS, through its components, is involved in European and international initiatives such as Copernicus, SeaDataCloud, and EMODnet. The first challenge of ODATIS is to catalog all open ocean and coastal data and facilitate data collection and access (discovery, visualization, extraction) through its web portal. A specific task is to develop tools for handling large amounts of data and generate products for policymakers, practitioners, and academics. This study presents the strategy used by ODATIS to implement the FAIR and CoreTrustSeal requirements in each of its DSCs and promote adherence within the scientific community (the main data producer) regarding the upload and/or use of data and suggestion of new products. A second challenge is to cover the end-user needs ranging from proximity to the producer to cross-analysis of data from all Earth compartments. This involves defining and organizing a classification of DSCs in the network, which will be developed within the framework of the French Data Terra research infrastructure, the only framework capable of providing the necessary IT and human resources.
    Electronic ISSN: 2296-7745
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Frontiers Media
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