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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method of descent for chebyshev approximation (1968)
    Springer
    BIT 8 (1968), S. 328-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A procedure is developed for the calculation of a best Chebyshev approximation among linear combinations of given continuous functionsφ 0,φ 1,...,φ N , to a continuous function in a compact interval. The procedure uses a descent method to minimize the Chebyshev norm of the error function. In some cases the choice of direction of descent resembles an idea developed by Zuhovickii for discrete approximations. However, in general, a different way to calculate this direction is used. This choice of direction, made in an adaptive manner, makes it possible to work with an easily determined estimate of the stepsize. Even with very bad initial values the given method converges. It is easily extended to the case when the approximating functions do not fulfil the Haar condition. The effectiveness is illustrated with numerical examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01933442
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The HEAO-3 Cosmic Ray Isotope spectrometer (1982)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 84 (1982), S. 3-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the Cosmic Ray Isotope instrument launched aboard the HEAO-3 satellite on September 20, 1979. The primary purpose of the experiment is to measure the isotopic composition of cosmic ray nuclei from Be-7 to Fe-58 over the energy range 0.5 to 7 GeV/nucleon. In addition charge spectra will be measured between beryllium and tin over the energy range 0.5 to 25 GeV/nucleon. The charge and isotope abundances measured by the experiment provide essential information needed to further our understanding of the origin and propagation of high energy cosmic rays. The instrument consists of 5 Cerenkov counters, a 4 element neon flash tube hodoscope and a time-of-flight system. The determination of charge and energy for each particle is based on the multiple Cerenkov technique and the mass determination will be based upon a statistical analysis of particle trajectories in the geomagnetic field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713625
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonances in the electron impact excitation of metastable states of mercury (1984)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 316 (1984), S. 127-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Metastable excitation of mercury by electron impact is studied at energies up to the first ionisation potential using an energy selected electron beam with an energy spread of 50 meV FWHM. A great number of resonances is observed in the excitation function. Agreement is good on the whole with a recent relativisticR-matrix calculation and with a former analysis of resonances in the elastic cross section.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01412253
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alcohol dehydrogenase activity in the roots of marsh plants in naturally waterlogged soils (1986)
    Springer
    Planta 168 (1986), S. 130-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Alcohol dehydrogenase ; Fermentation ; Flooding tolerance ; Marsh plant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this work was to discover whether oxygen tensions in the roots of marsh plants in flooded soils are high enough to allow fully acrobic metabolism. Activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), a protein synthesised in anoxic plants, was measured in roots of marsh plants growing in habitats where the availability of oxygen to the roots would be expected to differ. Roots of Carex riparia in standing water had ADH activities about 2.5 times higher than those of phosphofructokinase, and comparable to ADH activities of Poa trivialis, Urtica dioica and Ranunculus repens roots in dry soil. Removal of the oxygen supply via aerenchyma to Carex roots caused a 30-fold increase in ADH activity relative to that of phosphofructokinase. There was no change in ADH activity with depth in Carex roots in waterlogged soil, but in Filipendula ulmaria roots activity was 14 times higher below 10 cm depth than near the surface. Urtica roots in waterlogged soil had alcohol dehydrogenase activities 26 times higher than roots in dry soil, but for Poa and Ranunculus roots this figure was only 1.7 and 4.2, respectively. These results indicate that the oxygen tensions in the roots of marsh plants in waterlogged soil differ considerably among species. Ethanol was the major product of fermentation in roots of all species studied. There was no correlation between ADH activity and the rate of ethanol production under anoxia of Urtica roots. The physiological significance of high ADH activities in roots is thus unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00407019
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spherical crystal cosmic X-ray spectrometer (1981)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 30 (1981), S. 607-614 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract For spectral studies at energies ∼ 3keV, higher than those usually neglected by grazing incidence telescopes with high efficiency, freestanding, self-focussing, crystal arrays offer the most practical way to achieve adequate sensitivity through concentration. Such spectrometers can be designed for the entire range of energies that can be diffracted by crystals, ∼ 5oo eV to 104 eV, and, for energies below 3keV, can have sensitivities greater than or comparable with that of instruments at the focal plane of a large telescope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01246080
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectral observation of the soft x-ray background and of the north polar spur with solid state spectrometers (1981)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 30 (1981), S. 253-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Conclusions The present results confirm the thermal nature of the interstellar soft X-ray emission and give rather clear evidence of the Oxygen and Carbon contribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01246027
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inherent isotope dilution analysis of237Np in spent nuclear fuels (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 117 (1987), S. 233-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A combined γ-spectrometric and mass-spectrometric determination of237Np in spent nuclear fuels using239Np as an inherent spike has been developed. In spent fuel239Np is in radiochemical equilibrium with243Am. Neptunium in the tetravalent state is separated by TTA solvent extraction from the other actinides and most of the fission products and the γ-activity ratio of237Np to239Np is measured. The237Np activity is via239Np directly linked to the243Am mass in a sample, which is determined by mass-spectrometric isotope dilution analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02165795
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin Determination of Plutonium Material in Nuclear Forensics (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 246 (2000), S. 317-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Plutonium, seized from illicit trafficking in nuclear materials, can originate from several, distinct sources. The primary focus of nuclear-forensics investigations of confiscated Pu is to specify correctly its origin. We demonstrate that such specification is possible by means of accurate determination the Pu isotopic composition. In this study, five Pu samples of different origins were analysed by thermal-ionisation mass spectrometry. The source (i.e., the type of production reactor) of each sample was determined by comparing the measured Pu isotopic composition with that calculated by one of two reactor-production computer codes, ORIGEN2 and SCALE. These results, in conjunction with the age determination of each sample, allow us to deduce the origin of each.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006774524272
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissolution behavior of highly burnt fuel (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 203 (1996), S. 11-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In order to study the dissolution behavior of a highly burnt LWR fuel, a fuel pin irradiated in the DR3 test reactor in Risoe National Laboratory, has been characterized by microstructural examination and then dissolved under PUREX type conditions. The dissolution behavior was investigated and the residues analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and by ICP-MS and IDMS after dissolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02060376
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of long-lived radionuclides by ICP-MS (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 203 (1996), S. 19-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry ICP-MS has been applied to the characterisation of various nuclear waste forms. Long-lived radionuclides can be determined with similar sensitivities. The installation of an ICP-MS in a glove box and applications and limitations of the methods to nuclear materials, with especial emphasis on isobaric interferences are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02060377
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