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  • 1
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    Characterization of Rock Samples by a High-Resolution Multi-Technique Non-Invasive Approach (2019)
    MDPI-Basel
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-12-06
    Description: Three di erent non-invasive techniques, namely Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry, Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) and ultrasonic tomography integrated with petrographic data, were applied to characterize two rock samples of a di erent nature: A pyroclastic rock and a carbonate rock. We started a computation of high-resolution 3D models of the two samples using the TLS technique supported by a digital SfM photogrammetry survey. The resulting radiometric information available, such as reflectivity maps, SfM photogrammetry textured models and patterns of geometrical residuals, were interpreted in order to detect and underline surface materials anomalies by a comparison of reflectance and natural colour anomalies. Starting from the 3D models from previous techniques, a 3D ultrasonic tomography on each rock sample was accurately planned and carried out in order to detect internal defects or sample heterogeneity. The integration of the above three geophysical non-invasive techniques with petrographical data—especially with the textural characteristics of such materials—represents a powerful method for the definition of the heterogeneity of the rocks at a di erent scale and for calibrating in situ measurements.
    Description: Consorzio Interuniversitario per l’Ingegneria delle Georisorse (CINIGeo), Roma, Italy - Regione Autonoma della Sardegna, Sardegna, Italy
    Description: Published
    Description: id 664
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Non-invasive techniques ; Comenditic pyroclastic rock ; Pietra Forte carbonatic rock ; terrestrial laser scanner ; photogrammetry ; 3D acoustic tomography ; petrographic data ; integrated interpretation ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Detailed Petrophysical and Geophysical Characterization of Core Samples from the Potential Caprock-reservoir System in the Sulcis Coal Basin (Southwestern Sardinia – Italy) (2018)
    Elsevier Ltd.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-01
    Description: The analysis of all the experimental data acquired during this study has provided an essential contribution to the characterization of the caprock-reservoir system respectively made up of the continental terrigenous Cixerri Fm. and carbonate Miliolitico Fm. in the Sulcis coal basin (SW Sardinia).
    Description: In this work we present a methodology suitable to identify a caprock-reservoir system for the CO2 storage in the Sulcis Coal Basin (SW Sardinia – Italy). The petrophysical and geophysical characterizations indicate that the potential carbonate reservoir (“Miliolitico” Fm. Auct.) located at the base of the Eocene stratigraphic sequence in the mining district of the Sulcis Coal Basin, southwestern Sardinia, is heterogeneous but presents suitable reservoir zones for the storage of the CO2. The GPS data analysis indicates that the study area is stable, since it is characterized by a surface crustal deformation smaller than 1 mm/y.
    Description: Published
    Description: 503-511
    Description: 7T. Struttura della Terra e geodinamica
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: GPS ; Petrophysics ; CO2 ; Storage ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Integrated ultrasonic, laser scanning and petrographical characterisation of carbonate building materials on an architectural structure of a historic building (2018)
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-01
    Description: Several non-destructive (ND) techniques are presented as a tool for the evaluation of the conservation state of carbonate building materials of the “Palazzo di Città”, a historic building in the centre of Cagliari, a town in Italy. In this study, considering both the nature of the building materials and the constructive types of the investigated architectural structure, ultrasonic investigations were carried at 54 kHz. The ultrasonic measurements were performed both in the laboratory and in situ using the portable ultrasonic non-destructive digital indicating tester (PUNDIT Lab plus©) by Proceq (Schwerzenbach, Switzerland). The ultrasonic measurements were integrated by a petrographical and petrophysical study of the investigated stone materials in order to correlate their petrographical-petrophysical features with the elastic ones. A further implementation was carried out comparing elasto-mechanical and petrographical-petrophysical features of the investigated carbonate materials with surface geometric anomalies computed by means of the architectonic terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) application. In particular, we used a Leica HDS-6200 TLS to study the complex shape of some artifacts from the “Palazzo di Città” monumental compound. A multi station approach was adopted in order to acquire more than 180 million points by performing 30 high resolution structured scans. After TLS data elaboration with JRC 3D Reconstructor® software, the 3D model of the buildings together with morphological anomalies of some artifacts were computed in order to highlight the zones where the deformation was more evident.
    Description: Regione Autonoma della Sardegna
    Description: Published
    Description: 71-84
    Description: 4T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Non-destructive testing ; Ultrasonic measurements ; Terrestrial laser scanner ; Petrographical study ; Cultural heritage ; Cultural Heritage ; Petrographical study ; Non-destructive testing
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    A Contribution to the Geological Characterization of a Potential Caprock-Reservoir System in the Sulcis Coal Basin (South-Western Sardinia) (2019)
    MDPI-Basel
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: The results provided by this study contribute to the geological characterization of a potential caprock-reservoir system for CO2 storage in the experimental area of the mining district of the Sulcis Coal Basin (south-western Sardinia, Italy). The work is aimed to improve the knowledge of the petrographic and petrophysical characteristics of the siliciclastic and carbonate geological formations that make up the potential caprock-reservoir system. Core samples from a number of wells drilled in the study area for mining purposes were analyzed especially for texture and physical properties (longitudinal velocity, density, porosity, and permeability). The preliminary integrated petrographic and petrophysical characterizations indicate that the Upper Paleocene to Early Eocene potential carbonate reservoir is heterogeneous but presents suitable reservoir zones for CO2. A preliminary analysis of the potential caprock siliciclastic lithologies of the Middle Eocene to Lower Oligocene suggests that they appear suitable for CO2 confinement. Finally, to account for the stability of the investigated area, an accurate geodynamical study of south-western Sardinia was carried out using global navigation satellite system and advanced differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar methodologies in order to estimate vertical and horizontal crustal displacements. The study area results stable, since it is characterized by surface crustal horizontal and vertical velocities smaller than 1 mm/year and few mm/year, respectively.
    Description: Regione Autonoma della Sardegna, Sardegna, Italy - University of Cagliari (Italy)
    Description: Published
    Description: id 4524
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: petrophysical properties ; carbonates ; siliciclastics ; GNSS DinSAR ; crustal displacements ; 04. Solid Earth
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    3D Imaging of CRP and Ultrasonic Tomography to Detect Decay in a Living Adult Holm Oak (Quercus ilex L.) in Sardinia (Italy) (2021)
    MDPI-Basel
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-13
    Description: A field-integrated methodology using 3D ultrasonic tomography supported by close range photogrammetry (CRP) has been developed and evaluated as a tool to detect the presence and patterns of decay forms in a living adult holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) in an urban green area.
    Description: A field-integrated methodology using 3D ultrasonic tomography supported by close range photogrammetry (CRP) has been developed and evaluated as a tool to detect the presence and patterns of decay forms in a living adult holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) in an urban green area of the city of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy. Close range photogrammetry was used to compute a high resolution 3D model of the studied tree, texturized with natural colors. Moreover, following the implemented workflow process it was possible to evaluate the deformation pattern of the studied tree over time. In a second step of our integrated approach, and in order to diagnose the state of health of the inner part of the studied tree in a non-invasive way, laboratory and in situ non-invasive ultrasonic techniques were applied. The results of the close range photogrammetry analysis supported the optimal design of the 3D ultrasonic tomography of the living adult holm oak. Ultrasonic tomography is one of the most powerful non-destructive testing techniques for the full-volume inspection of a structure. It produced physical information on the inner structure of the stem of the investigated tree. The results of the study show that the integrated application of close range photogrammetry and 3D ultrasonic tomography is a powerful tool for a highly accurate and objective evaluation of the external and internal decay of trees and for monitoring their conservation states. With the fully integrated approach, the diagnostic process aimed to prevent instability and the failure of trees can be greatly improved.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1199
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: wood decay ; close range photogrammetry ; 3D ultrasonic tomography ; risk failure ; holm oak ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; Monitoring of trees
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Characterization of the carbonate rocks of the Calcari di Cagliari Formation using a combined petrographic, geomatic and geophysical approach. (2024)
    EGU Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-23
    Description: The methods and the tools aimed at characterizing and analysing the carbonate materials used in the historic built heritage often follow different ways according to the different branches of applied research involved in the knowledge process. In this framework, the 3D digital models both of in situ architectural elements and of significative samples of rocks used as building materials can play an important role in relating different data and disciplines aimed at the prevention and conservation of the Cultural Heritage. Although the 3D geomatic and geophysical digital models represent privileged tools of the diagnostic analysis, they must be supported by the knowledge of the textural characteristics of the rocks under investigation with petrographic analyses. In order to study the stone materials heavily used in the historic built heritage and analyse their vulnerability to the conditions in their environment, it can be beneficial to study appropriately prepared samples and make as many measurements as necessary with different techniques. Moreover, some analyses are destructive and there is a limit to the number of samples that can be sacrificed. For this reason, in the analysis of rock samples, non-destructive techniques are constantly being improved. In this study, using a suitably implemented integrated methodology we analysed in detail samples of the carbonate rocks of the Calcari di Cagliari formation represented by Pietra Cantone, Tramezzario and Pietra Forte lithologies, mainly used in the past as construction materials for the buildings of the Historical Centre of Cagliari (Italy). Our methodology is represented by an integration of the geomatic survey carried out by structure-from-motion (SfM) digital close-range photogrammetry and the seismic tomography normally used for the in situ inspection adapted to laboratory tests on samples of the above lithologies using ultrasonic frequency signals. The rigorous metric of the geomatic 3D models was used to implement the ultrasonic survey by which internal characteristics and physical properties of the studied material are detected thanks to the spatial variations of the longitudinal velocity obtained after the tomographic inversion. The geomatic and geophysical data were complemented by an accurate analysis of the above carbonate materials by optical and scanning electron microscopy in order to detect their textural characteristics and especially the nature and distribution of their porosity. The microscopy analyses were integrated by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) to obtain further information on the pore network, particularly on the effective porosity, pores-throat diameters/radii, permeability and tortuosity of the investigated materials. All the above parameters were found to affect the geomatic and geophysical behaviour of the carbonate materials. The integration of the multi-technique data produced in this study contributes to better understand the interaction between the investigated materials and the environment.
    Description: Published
    Description: Vienna, Austria
    Description: OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremoto
    Keywords: Carbonate Rocks ; Calcari di Cagliari Formation ; Characterization ; Petrographic, Geomatic and Geophysical Approach ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Abstract
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