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  • 1
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    Detailed Petrophysical and Geophysical Characterization of Core Samples from the Potential Caprock-reservoir System in the Sulcis Coal Basin (Southwestern Sardinia – Italy) (2018)
    Elsevier Ltd.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-01
    Description: The analysis of all the experimental data acquired during this study has provided an essential contribution to the characterization of the caprock-reservoir system respectively made up of the continental terrigenous Cixerri Fm. and carbonate Miliolitico Fm. in the Sulcis coal basin (SW Sardinia).
    Description: In this work we present a methodology suitable to identify a caprock-reservoir system for the CO2 storage in the Sulcis Coal Basin (SW Sardinia – Italy). The petrophysical and geophysical characterizations indicate that the potential carbonate reservoir (“Miliolitico” Fm. Auct.) located at the base of the Eocene stratigraphic sequence in the mining district of the Sulcis Coal Basin, southwestern Sardinia, is heterogeneous but presents suitable reservoir zones for the storage of the CO2. The GPS data analysis indicates that the study area is stable, since it is characterized by a surface crustal deformation smaller than 1 mm/y.
    Description: Published
    Description: 503-511
    Description: 7T. Struttura della Terra e geodinamica
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: GPS ; Petrophysics ; CO2 ; Storage ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Diagnostic Process of an Ancient Colonnade Using 3D High-Resolution Models with Non-Invasive Multi Techniques (2023)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-20
    Description: Here, an avant-garde study of three ancient Doric columns of the precious, ancient Romanesque church of Saints Lorenzo and Pancrazio in the historical town center of Cagliari (Italy) is presented based on the integrated application of different non-destructive testing methods. The limitations of each methodology are overcome by the synergistic application of these methods, affording an accurate, complete 3D image of the studied elements. Our procedure begins with a macroscopic in situ analysis to provide a preliminary diagnosis of the conditions of the building materials. The next step is laboratory tests, in which the porosity and other textural characteristics of the carbonate building materials are studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. After this, a survey with a terrestrial laser scanner and close-range photogrammetry is planned and executed to produce accurate high-resolution 3D digital models of the entire church and the ancient columns inside. This was the main objective of this study. The high-resolution 3D models allowed us to identify architectural complications occurring in historical buildings. The 3D reconstruction with the above metric techniques was indispensable for planning and carrying out the 3D ultrasonic tomography, which played an important role in detecting defects, voids, and flaws within the body of the studied columns by analyzing the propagation of the ultrasonic waves. The high-resolution 3D multiparametric models allowed us to obtain an extremely accurate picture of the conservation state of the studied columns in order to locate and characterize both shallow and internal defects in the building materials. This integrated procedure can aid in the control of the spatial and temporal variations in the materials’ properties and provides information on the process of deterioration in order to allow adequate restoration solutions to be developed and the structural health of the artefact to be monitored.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3098
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: close-range photogrammetry ; terrestrial laser scanner ; 3D digital models ; 3D ultrasonic tomography ; petrographic analyses ; carbonate materials ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Editorial for Special Issue “Precise GNSS Positioning and Navigation: Methods, Challenges, and Applications” (2024)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-19
    Description: The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) can provide users with high-precision positioning information continuously and benefits all walks of life, e.g., unmanned driving, urban navigation, deformation monitoring, etc. The important scientific research and application value of GNSSs have prompted many countries and regions to develop GNSS technologies. GNSS core positioning technologies, such as Precise Point Positioning (PPP) and Real-Time Kinematic positioning (RTK), can provide decimeter-level or even centimeter-level positioning accuracy in open environments. However, active GNSS positioning technologies are susceptible to complex conditions, including canyon environments, low-cost receivers, and multi-GNSS situations, and, on occasion, cannot provide accurate, continuous, and reliable positioning information. The diversification of GNSS systems and constellations, receiver types, and observation environments puts forward higher requirements for technology and algorithms to maintain high-precision positioning and navigation services. Advanced algorithms are key to solving GNSS practical application problems and expanding the scope of GNSS applications. This Special Issue aims at studies covering improved methods and the latest challenges in precise GNSS positioning and navigation, especially under complex conditions for various research investigations as well as a range of practical applications. Both theoretical and applied research contributions to the GNSS high-precision technology in all disciplines are considered. Topics may cover anything from precise muti-GNSS positioning algorithms and GNSS data processing to more comprehensive targets and scales. Therefore, new algorithms for high-precision positioning and navigation, GNSS receivers, software development for data collection and processing, and their applications in various fields are all included.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2271
    Description: OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremoto
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: GNSS Positioning ; GNSS Navigation ; Challenges ; Applications
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Characterization of the carbonate rocks of the Calcari di Cagliari Formation using a combined petrographic, geomatic and geophysical approach. (2024)
    EGU Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-23
    Description: The methods and the tools aimed at characterizing and analysing the carbonate materials used in the historic built heritage often follow different ways according to the different branches of applied research involved in the knowledge process. In this framework, the 3D digital models both of in situ architectural elements and of significative samples of rocks used as building materials can play an important role in relating different data and disciplines aimed at the prevention and conservation of the Cultural Heritage. Although the 3D geomatic and geophysical digital models represent privileged tools of the diagnostic analysis, they must be supported by the knowledge of the textural characteristics of the rocks under investigation with petrographic analyses. In order to study the stone materials heavily used in the historic built heritage and analyse their vulnerability to the conditions in their environment, it can be beneficial to study appropriately prepared samples and make as many measurements as necessary with different techniques. Moreover, some analyses are destructive and there is a limit to the number of samples that can be sacrificed. For this reason, in the analysis of rock samples, non-destructive techniques are constantly being improved. In this study, using a suitably implemented integrated methodology we analysed in detail samples of the carbonate rocks of the Calcari di Cagliari formation represented by Pietra Cantone, Tramezzario and Pietra Forte lithologies, mainly used in the past as construction materials for the buildings of the Historical Centre of Cagliari (Italy). Our methodology is represented by an integration of the geomatic survey carried out by structure-from-motion (SfM) digital close-range photogrammetry and the seismic tomography normally used for the in situ inspection adapted to laboratory tests on samples of the above lithologies using ultrasonic frequency signals. The rigorous metric of the geomatic 3D models was used to implement the ultrasonic survey by which internal characteristics and physical properties of the studied material are detected thanks to the spatial variations of the longitudinal velocity obtained after the tomographic inversion. The geomatic and geophysical data were complemented by an accurate analysis of the above carbonate materials by optical and scanning electron microscopy in order to detect their textural characteristics and especially the nature and distribution of their porosity. The microscopy analyses were integrated by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) to obtain further information on the pore network, particularly on the effective porosity, pores-throat diameters/radii, permeability and tortuosity of the investigated materials. All the above parameters were found to affect the geomatic and geophysical behaviour of the carbonate materials. The integration of the multi-technique data produced in this study contributes to better understand the interaction between the investigated materials and the environment.
    Description: Published
    Description: Vienna, Austria
    Description: OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremoto
    Keywords: Carbonate Rocks ; Calcari di Cagliari Formation ; Characterization ; Petrographic, Geomatic and Geophysical Approach ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Abstract
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  • 5
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    An Integrated Petrographic, Geomatic and Geophysical Approach for the Characterization of the Carbonate Rocks of the Calcari di Cagliari Formation (2024)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-16
    Description: Abstract: Non-invasive techniques, such as close-range photogrammetry (CRP) and 3D ultrasonic tomography complemented with optical and scanning electron microscopy and mercury porosimetry, were applied to characterize the carbonate rock samples of the Calcari di Cagliari formation. The integrated approach started with the computation of high-resolution 3D models of the carbonate samples using the CRP technique to produce 3D high-resolution models texturized both with natural colors and intensity. Starting from the 3D models from previous techniques, a 3D ultrasonic tomography on each rock sample was accurately planned and carried out in order to detect the elastic properties of such rocks and relate them to textural heterogeneity or internal defects. The results indicate that the relationship between longitudinal velocity and rock properties is complex even in the same carbonate formation. Understanding the relationship between the geomatic and geophysical responses in the investigated rock properties, such as textural characteristics and especially structure and geometry of pores, type of pores, tortuosity and cementing material, is important for many practical applications and especially in the diagnostic process of the conservation state of monumental structures. The integration of the above non-invasive techniques complemented by petrographical–petrophysical data proved to be a powerful method to associate each lithotype with a different susceptibility to degradation. The results presented in this paper demonstrate that the proposed integrated use of complementary methodologies would guarantee the reproducibility of the measurements both at the laboratory and field scale for the monitoring in time of the rock condition while giving a useful contribution in making decisions on an appropriate remedial strategy.
    Description: Published
    Description: 501
    Description: OSA5: Energia e georisorse
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: carbonate rocks ; petrographic data ; photogrammetry ; ultrasonic tomography ; integrated interpretation ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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