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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of dexamethasone, triamcinolone, and their metabolites in human urine by microcolumn liquid and capillary gas chromatography mass spectrometry (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 11 (1988), S. 283-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary gas chromatography ; Liquid chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; MO-TMS derivatization ; Corticosteroids ; Metabolism ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Adult male volunteers were administered orally 10 mg of the espective drug. Urine samples were investigated by micro-column liquid chromatography and capillary gas chromatography combined with on-line mass spectrometry. The former technique was found to be usable for the detection of these drugs. The latter method appeared to be superior in terms of sensitivity and for metabolism studies. The major excretion products of dexamethasone were identified as isomeric 6-hydroxy metabolites. Dexamethasone as such and its 20-hydroxy metabolite were found in minor quantities. Unlike dexamethasone, triamcinolone is excreted largely unchanged from the human body. Two metabolites were identified as 11-keto and 4,5-dihydrotriamcinolone. With the gas chromatography methods developed, abuse of these drugs can be detected up to 24 h after administration of a 5 mg single dose.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110312
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organopolysilanes as photopolymerization initiators of polymethylvinylsiloxanes and polydimethylsiloxanes (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 4 (1990), S. 163-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Organopolysilanes ; organopolysiloxanes ; photoinitiation ; vulcanization ; thin films ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The organopolysilanes Me(Me2Si)nMe (n = 4-6), (Me2Si)6 and (Me3Si)2SiMePh are found to be effective photoinitiators for the polymerization of vinyl-containing siloxane rubbers. The trisilanes Me(ME2Si)3Me and Me3SiSiMe2SiMe2Ph are slightly effective, while phenyldisilanes do not exhibit initiation activity in the process of photocuring. Polydimethylsiloxanes are cured at a slower rate under the same conditions than vinylcontaining derivatives. Two mechanisms of crosslinking are proposed: silylene-silirane-silanol and silylene-hydride-silanol.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590040211
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    THE STRUCTURE OF THE LUKKULAISVAARA INTRUSION, OULANKA GROUP, NORTHERN KARELIA: PETROLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS (2001)
    Mineralogical Association of Canada
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0008-4476
    Electronic ISSN: 1499-1276
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Mineralogical Association of Canada
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  • 4
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    Large-basin hydrological response to climate model outputs: uncertainty caused by internal atmospheric variability (2015)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 19 (6). pp. 2737-2754.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-02
    Description: An approach is proposed to assess hydrological simulation uncertainty originating from internal atmospheric variability. The latter is one of three major factors contributing to uncertainty of simulated climate change projections (along with so-called "forcing" and "climate model" uncertainties). Importantly, the role of internal atmospheric variability is most visible over spatio-temporal scales of water management in large river basins. Internal atmospheric variability is represented by large ensemble simulations (45 members) with the ECHAM5 atmospheric general circulation model. Ensemble simulations are performed using identical prescribed lower boundary conditions (observed sea surface temperature, SST, and sea ice concentration, SIC, for 1979–2012) and constant external forcing parameters but different initial conditions of the atmosphere. The ensemble of bias-corrected ECHAM5 outputs and ensemble averaged ECHAM5 output are used as a distributed input for the ECOMAG and SWAP hydrological models. The corresponding ensembles of runoff hydrographs are calculated for two large rivers of the Arctic basin: the Lena and Northern Dvina rivers. A number of runoff statistics including the mean and the standard deviation of annual, monthly and daily runoff, as well as annual runoff trend, are assessed. Uncertainties of runoff statistics caused by internal atmospheric variability are estimated. It is found that uncertainty of the mean and the standard deviation of runoff has a significant seasonal dependence on the maximum during the periods of spring–summer snowmelt and summer–autumn rainfall floods. Noticeable nonlinearity of the hydrological models' results in the ensemble ECHAM5 output is found most strongly expressed for the Northern Dvina River basin. It is shown that the averaging over ensemble members effectively filters the stochastic term related to internal atmospheric variability. Simulated discharge trends are close to normally distributed around the ensemble mean value, which fits well to empirical estimates and, for the Lena River, indicates that a considerable portion of the observed trend can be externally driven.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
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