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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 15 (1975), S. 287-290 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 9 (1972), S. 275-291 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The numerical solution of a nonlinear operator equation arises the question of finding suitable initial solutions. For general classes of problems the method of “continuation” (“Einbettung”) gives a systematical means to construct such starting values. The given problemT(x)=θ is inbedded in a family of ProblemsT(s, x)=θ wheres∈[0,1]. These problems should have a simple solution fors=0; fors=1T(s, x)=θ must represent the original problem. The solution of the family has to depend continously on the parameters. Starting withs=0 one constructs succesively the solutions fors 1〈s 2...〈s n=1.x (s i-1) is used as an inital value for the evaluation ofx(s i). This method is used to solve a special class of integro-differential equations with Urysonoperator. Hereby, the problem of bifurcation is discussed, too. Under the conditions of Banach's fixed point theorem one can show that Newton's iterative method converges stepwise. Without using steps this is not true in general. For one dimensional problems sharp estimations for existence and uniqueness are established. For certain discretisations there exists an asymptotic development of the discreticized solution.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei der numerischen Lösung der nichtlinearen OperatorgleichungT(x)=θ stellt sich die Aufgabe, geeignete Startlösungen für den Ansatz von Iterationsverfahren zu finden. Für spezielle Problemkreise-man denke etwa an Gleichungen mit gewissen Monotonieeigenschaften — kann man sich eine solche verschaffen. Für allgemeinere Problemklassen stellt die Methode der Einbettung eine systematische Möglichkeit zur Konstruktion passender Startlösungen dar. Die gestellte AufgabeT(x)=θ wird in eine ProblemscharT(s, x)=θ mits∈[0,1] eingebettet. Fürs=0 sie die zugehörige Lösung numerisch leicht zugänglich, fürs=1 ergebe sich das ursprüngliche Problem. Die Einbettung ist so vorzunehmen, daß die Lösung der Schar stetig vom Parameters abhängt. Man berechnet nun, ausgehend von der Lösung fürs=0, die Lösung für die Stufens 1〈s 2...〈s n =1. Dabei wirdx(S i-1) als Statlösung zur Berechnung vonx (s i) benützt. Für die Klasse der Integrodifferentialgleichungen mit Urysonoperator wird dies im einzelnen durchgeführt. Dabei wird auch das Problem der Verzweigung (Bifurkation) behandelt. Unter anderem ergibt sich beispielsweise, daß unter den Voraussetzungen des Banachschen Fixpunktsatzes das Newtonverfahren stufenweise konvergiert. Dies ist i. a., das heißt ohne Zwischenschalten von Stufen, nicht der Fall. Bei eindimensionalen Problemen werden scharfe Schranken für Existenz- und Eindeutigkeitsaussagen hergeleitet. Es läßt sich zeigen, daß für bestimmte Diskretisierung eine asymptotische Entwicklung der diskretisierten Lösung existiert.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BIT 20 (1980), S. 475-485 
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In solving a nonlinear equation by the use of a continuation method one of the crucial problems is the choice of the step sizes. We present a model for the total computational cost of a standard numerical continuation process and solve the problem of optimal step size control for this model. Using the theoretical results as a basis, we develop an adaptive step size algorithm for Newton's method. This procedure is computationally inexpensive and it gives quite satisfactory results compared to some other numerical experiments found in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archiv der Mathematik 44 (1985), S. 539-546 
    ISSN: 1420-8938
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 29 (1981), S. 269-281 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Monthly data of the duration of the sunshine recorded at 11 stations in southwestern Germany during 1890–1977 are analysed by applying statistical methods. The long-term variations are examined by the use of 11- and 30-year running means, frequency and extent of extrema, coefficient of variation and relative interannual variability. Compared to values around 1900 the duration of sunshine has increased during the last years. The minima of the 30-year running measures of variability occur around 1930 in summer as well as in winter.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Monatswerte der Sonnenscheindauer an 11 Stationen des südwestdeutschen Raumes aus der Zeit 1890–1977 werden mit Hilfe von statistischen Methoden untersucht. Die Analyse der zeitlichen Schwankungen erfolgt anhand von 11- bis 30jährigen gleitenden Mitteln, Häufigkeit und Ausmaß von Extremwerten, Variationskoeffizient und relativer interannueller Variabilität. Die Sonnenscheindauer hat gegenüber den Werten um 1900 in allen Jahreszeiten zugenommen; in den letzten Jahren ist wieder ein abnehmender Trend erkennbar. Die 30jährig gleitenden Variabilitätsmaße erreichen im Sommer- und Wintertertial ihr Minimum um 1930.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 83 (1996), S. 498-513 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 83 (1996), S. 498-513 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 87 (2000), S. 351-354 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Abstract  Metal implants are the preferred materials to generate articular prostheses, plates, or bone pegs in orthopedic surgery. Although titanium and titanium alloys show a relatively good biocompatibility, clinical experience revealed that coating of the metallic implant surface may increase the biocompatibility. In a search for optimum bone implant surfaces, we determined polarity and contact angle parameters of a variety of polymers and substances and correlated the findings in a biocompatibility assay using an in vitro bone cell model. We report that an optimum adherence of SAOS-2 cells to such surfaces and a good vitality for polymers are characterized by water-based contact angles of 80° and 20° for advancing and receding probes, respectively.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 52 (1965), S. 134-134 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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