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  • 1
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    Adsorption of Selected Pharmaceutical Compounds onto Activated Carbon in Dilute Aqueous Solutions Exemplified by Acetaminophen, Diclofenac, and Sulfamethoxazole (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-20
    Description: The adsorption of three pharmaceuticals, namely, acetaminophen, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole onto granular activated carbon (GAC), was investigated. To study competitive adsorption, both dynamic and steady-state adsorption experiments were conducted by careful selection of pharmaceuticals with various affinities and molecular size. The effective diffusion coefficient of the adsorbate was increased with decease in particle size of GAC. The adsorption affinity represented as Langmuir was consistent with the ranking of the octanol-water partition coefficient, . The adsorption behavior in binary or tertiary systems could be described by competition adsorption. In the binary system adsorption replacement occurred, under which the adsorbate with the smaller was replaced by the one with larger . Results also indicated that portion of the micropores could be occupied only by the small target compound, but not the larger adsorbates. In multiple-component systems the competition adsorption might significantly be affected by the macropores and less by the meso- or micropores.
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-744X
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Hindawi
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complex nature of the sulfation reaction of limestones and dolomites (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 450-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental information available in the literature for the sulfation of a wide variety of calcined limestones and dolomites has been used to establish rates of reaction over their entire range of conversion. The reaction rate was found to decay exponentially with extent of conversion and implicated parameters related to two factors, each factor representing a diffusional resistance. These factors define two generalized constants which permit the prediction of the decaying parameters associated with the sorptive capacity of the sorbent.The sorptive capacity, x∞, which represents the ultimate conversion of the solid sorbent, has been found to depend on the pore size distribution, the chemical composition of the limestone and/or dolomite and its accessible pore surface area. The combined contribution of x∞ along with predicted parameters permit the calculation of conversion vs. time relationships that are found in close agreement with experimental measurements for the ten sorbents investigated, with the exception of one.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300314
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical characterization of orientation of collagen (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 12 (1973), S. 2751-2758 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The optical properties of reconstituted collagen were characterized in the frame-work of a two-phase model. The total birefringence is assumed to be the sum of form birefringence ΔF, of amorphous birefringence Δa, and of crystalline birefringence Δc. The contribution of ΔF has been determined as a function of strain. The intrinsic values of Δc and Δa were calculated to be 0.24 ± 0.06 and 0.055 ± 0.018, respectively. In the undeformed state, the observed birefringence is almost entirely due to the distortion of the electric field of the light at the phase boundary. Whereas there is a slight increase of form birefringence with increasing strain, the total birefringence shows much larger increments. The latter is attributable to orientation of the rodlike superstructures of the tropocollagen molecules.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1973.360121209
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic mechanical and rheo-optical studies of collagen and gelatin (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 11 (1972), S. 2015-2031 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The frequency dependence of dynamic mechanical properties of rat tail tendon (RTT), enzyme-solubilized collagen membranes (ESC), AKM-23 dialysis membranes, and gelatin film have been measured at 110, 11, and 3.5 Hz from - 160 to 220°C. RTT and AKM-23 are devoid of a rubbery region; there are as many as six mechanical loss transitions. Gelatin and ESC membranes behave as rubbery materials above room temperature; only three tan δE peaks can be resolved for these materials. Strain birefringence was used to measure the crystalline and amorphous contribution of orientation induced by strain. Both the birefringence and the strain optical coefficient are sensitive to the amount of water in a sample. The effect of chemical swelling agents and of annealing on birefringence are described. Stress relaxation data on gelatin film were analyzed with the rubber elasticity theory to give the average number of chains per unit volume, the specific polarizability, the stress-birefringence ratio and the average molecular weight between hydrogen bonds were calculated. The intrinsic amorphous birefringence for “wet” gelatin film is 1.25 × 10-2; it is estimated to be about 6 × 10-2 for “dry” gelatin film.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1972.360111003
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of ions on the superstructures of reconstituted collagen (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 12 (1973), S. 1063-1069 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effect of a variety of electrolytes on the stabilization and destabilization of the rod-like superstructures in reconstituted collagen membranes have been studied by small-angle light scattering (SALE). Structural orders at two levels are effected: association-disassociation at the micron level and the helix-coil transitions at the mollecular level. In addition to lyotropic salts, several transition metal ions were also studied. They act to disassociate collagen aggregates by the formation of stable complexes.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1973.360120510
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of telopeptide on the morphology and physicomechanical properties of reconstituted collagens (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 12 (1973), S. 2045-2055 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The morphology and physicomechanical properties of two types of collagen membranes, one of which does not have telopeptides, were compared with small-angle light scattering, rheo-optical, dynamic mechanical, and dynamic rheo-optical techniques. The presence of telopeptides in native collagen allows the formation of larger rod-like superstructures; it renders the membrane more resistant to irreversible deformation yet more responsive to dynamic mechanical perturbation. Telopeptides are also responsible for relaxation at room temperature, and impart more linearly elastic properties to the material as compared to membranes derived from enzyme-treated collagens.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1973.360120911
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compatibility and physical properties of a new polyester blend (1981)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 21 (1981), S. 513-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The compatible nature of a new polyester blend, polybutylene-terephthalate (PBT) and a copolyester of bisphenol-A-neopentyl glycol-terephthalate (CP-350), has been inferred from the single Tg by DSC and dynamic mechanical studies. Compatibility is further confirmed from the progressive melting point depression of PBT, and the increasingly coarse and open spherulitic morphology of the blends as the weight percent of CP-350 increases. At and above 40 weight percent of CP-350, crystallization of PBT is impeded by the presence of high concentrations of CP-350 which results in a low degree of PBT crystallinity (0-8 percent) in such blends. The melt viscosity as a function of blend composition shows a good fit to the Hayashida model.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760210902
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of seawater-resistant polyurethane elastomers for use as sonar encapsulants (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 911-923 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polyurethane systems based on aliphatic diisocyanates were evaluated for suitability for use as underwater transducer encapsulants. A preliminary evaluation was performed to select the most promising urethane systems for further development. An investigation was then undertaken to determine the effect of compositional changes on the properties of these urethanes. The compositional parameters investigated were the soft-segment molecular weight, the prepolymer isocyanate content, the composition of the cure formulation, and the cure stoichiometry. These urethanes were subjected to long-term aging in seawater. It was found that this exposure did not significantly effect the physical or dynamic mechanical properties of the urethane.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070420405
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aggregation of poly(vinyl chloride) fractions (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 19 (1975), S. 1483-1484 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1975.070190529
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon-fiber-reinforced phenolics (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 4759-4772 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Carbon-fiber-reinforced (CFR) phenolic composites with equivalent mechanical properties and much superior thermal stability to laboratory-prepared and present commercial epoxy analogs have been achieved by reinforcing 35-50 wt % of an amine-catalyzed resole with either the Hercules' Magnamite carbon fabric or the Great Lakes' Varinit carbon fiber/glass cloth hybrid. Improvement of the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of the hybrid-reinforced phenolic laminates was observed with increasing molding pressure and alternate carbon/glass/carbon/glass geometry. Sizings on the carbon fiber do not have any significant effect on the mechanical properties.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070271221
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