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  • Andropogon scoparius  (2)
  • Key words Sperm competition  (1)
  • Springer  (3)
  • Copernicus
  • Elsevier
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  • Springer  (3)
  • Copernicus
  • Elsevier
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Key words Sperm competition ; Sperm selection ; Scatophaga stercoraria ; Non-random paternity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Recent studies of non-random paternity have suggested that sperm selection by females may influence male fertilization success. Here we argue that the problems originally encountered in partitioning variation in non-random mating between male competition and female choice are even more pertinent to interpreting patterns of non-random paternity because of intense sperm competition between males. We describe an experiment with the yellow dung fly, Scatophaga stercoraria, designed to partition variance in the proportion of offspring sired by the second male, P 2, between males and females, and to control for sperm competition. Large males were shown to have a higher P 2 than small males but P 2 was independent of the size of the female’s first mate. This result might suggest an absolute female preference for large males via sperm selection. However, large males have a higher constant rate of sperm transfer and displacement. After controlling for this effect of sperm competition, large males did not achieve higher paternity than small males. We argue that a knowledge of the mechanism of sperm competition is essential so that male effects can be controlled before conclusions are made regarding the influence of sperm selection by females in generating non-random paternity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 51 (1979), S. 69-72 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Andropogon scoparius ; Cadmium ; Chloride ; Dry weight ; Germination ; Heavy metals ; Lead ; Little bluestem ; Salt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Soil additions of Cl−, as NaCl, over the 0 to 400 ppm Cl− range did not affect germination forAndropogon scoparius. Height and top dry weight were significantly reduced by 300 ppm soil added Cl−. Although not conclusive, these results did indicate that growth and germination effects reported for Cd++, added as CdCl2, are probably due to Cd++ rather than to a Cl− or salt effect. Reported Pb++ effects, where Pb++ is added as PbCl2, however may be at least partially due to a Cl− or salt effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 51 (1979), S. 59-68 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Andropogon scoparius ; Cadmium ; Copper ; DTPA extraction ; Heavy metal ; Lead ; Liatris spicata ; Monarda fistulosa ; Poa pratensis ; Rhus radicans ; Rudbeckia hirta ; Zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Seed of six plant species native to a heavy metal contaminated urban site in northwestern Indiana was collected and grown in soil from the urban site and similar soil collected from a relatively uncontaminated rural site. The rural soil was amended with CdCl2. Plant tissue and soils were analyzed for Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu. Soil extractable Cd concentrations increased with increasing soil-added Cd levels, a larger proportion of the added Cd becoming extractable as the soil addition level increases. Soil Cd additions also affected the levels of extractable Zn, Pb, and Cu. Soil extractable Cd levels were not, however, influenced by the plant species grown in the soil. Differences were noted between the two soils for extractable Cd concentrations, but were much smaller than the differences noted in plant Cd concentrations between the two soils. Plant Cd levels increased linearly with soil Cd addition levels. Composites had higher Cd concentrations than other herbs or grasses tested. Total Cd content of above-ground plant biomass also increased with soil Cd addition levels, but with a non-linear, upper limit type response.Rudbeckia hirta, a composite, had similar Cd concentrations in both top and root biomass, indicating that for this species Cd is not immobilized in the root systems as for other species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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