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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Plant Growth-Promoting Microbes for Sustainable Biotic and Abiotic Stress Management (2021)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Keywords: Symbiosis. ; Plants. ; Stress (Physiology). ; Agronomy. ; Plant diseases. ; Soil science. ; Plant Symbiosis. ; Plant Stress Responses. ; Agronomy. ; Plant Pathology. ; Soil Science.
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyanobacteria and algae as biocontrol agents against fungal and bacterial plant pathogens -- Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in Amelioration of Abiotic Stresses: A Functional Interplay and Prospective -- Seaweeds as indicators and potential remediators of metal pollution -- Role of microorganisms in managing soil fertility and plant nutrition in sustainable agriculture -- Role of endophytic bacteria in alleviation of heavy metals from an ecosystem -- Microbial enzymes and soil health -- Pseudomonas as plant growth promoting bacteria and its role in alleviation abiotic stress -- Plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as biocontrol agents against viral protection -- Potential Role of Endophytes in Weeds and Herbicide Tolerance in Plants -- The auspicious role of promoting plant growth of rhizobacteria in the sustainable management of plant diseases -- Microbial bioactive compounds produced by bacteria and fungi and uses in plant health -- Biosynthesis of Nanoparticles by Microorganisms and Applications in Plant Stress Control -- Nano-enabled approaches for the suitable delivery of fertilizer and pesticide for plant growth -- Production of plant hormones from algae and its relation to plant growth -- Role of Trichoderma in agriculture and disease management -- Production of antibiotics from plant growth promoting bacteria and their role in biocontrol of plant diseases -- Role of Phosphate-Solubilising Microorganisms in Agricultural Development -- Cyanobacteria as biofertilizer and its effect under biotic stress -- Microorganism: A potent biological tool to combat Insects and herbivores -- Eco-friendly approaches for the alleviation of root-knot nematodes -- Rhizosphere, Rhizosphere Biology and Rhizospheric Engineering -- Microbial enzymes and role in phytoremidation.
    Abstract: Abiotic and biotic stress factors including drought, salinity, waterlog, temperature extremes, mineral nutrients, heavy metals, plant diseases, nematodes, viruses, and diseases, adversely affect growth as well as yield of crop plants worldwide. Plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPM) are receiving increasing attention from agronomists and environmentalists as candidates to develop an effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable alternative to conventional agricultural (e.g., chemical fertilizers and pesticide) and remediation (e.g., chelators-enhanced phytoremediation) methods employed to deal with climate change-induced stresses. Recent studies have shown that plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), rhizobia, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), cyanobacteria have great potentials in the management of various agricultural and environmental problems. Our intention for this book is to provide up-to-date knowledge of biofertilizer and the roles of microorganisms in plant health, with specific emphasis on the mitigating strategies to combat plant stresses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 672 p. 67 illus., 63 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030665876
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66587-6
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-66587-6
    DDC: 581.785
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nanorobotics and Nanodiagnostics in Integrative Biology and Biomedicine (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Keywords: Nanobiotechnology. ; Biomedical engineering. ; Robotics. ; Self-assembly (Chemistry). ; Biopolymers. ; Biomaterials. ; Nanobiotechnology. ; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering. ; Robotics. ; Self-assembly. ; Biopolymers.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Nanorobotics and Nanodiagnostics in Integrative Biology and Biomedicine -- Self-Assembled Polymeric Micelles as a Drug Carrier -- Polymer Nanohybrid Patches for Improved Hemostasis and Wound Healing Applications -- 3D Printed Nanorobots and Microswimmers for Therapeutic Advancement -- Magnetoresponsive Nanohybrids as Promising Nanodiagnostic Tools for Bioimaging -- Nanotherapeutics: An Insight into Healthcare and Multi-Dimensional Applications in the Medical Sector of the Modern World -- Design Strategies for Physical-Stimuli-Responsive Programmable Nanotherapeutics -- Functionalized Protein Nanobot-Based Therapy -- Photothermal Nanomaterials for Wound Monitoring and Cancer Biomedicine -- Fundamental Nano-Hybrid Polymers for Nanorobotics and Nano-Diagnostics -- Wearable Biosensor Nano- and Micro-Systems for Medical Diagnostics -- Smart Biosensors Based on Porous Graphene Scaffolds for Chronic Wound Care -- Nanorobotics and Nanodiagnostics Toos in Bio-Agricultures -- CRISPR Applications in Nanodiagnostics of Plant Diseases -- Conclusions and Future Prospective of Nanorobotics and Nanodiagnostics -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Abstract: Nanorobotics and Nanodiagnostics in Integrative Biology and Biomedicine "Nanorobotics and nanodiagnostics” can be defined as a new generation of biohybrid and nanorobotics that translate fundamental biological principles into engineering design rules, or integrative living components into synthetic structures to create biorobots and nanodiagnotics that perform like natural systems. Nanorobots or nanobots are structured of a nanoscale made of individual assemblies. They can be termed as intelligent systems manufactured with self-assembly strategies by chemical, physical and biological approaches. The nanorobot can determine the structure and enhance the adaptability to the environment in interdisciplinary tasks. "Nanorobotics and nanodiagnostics" is a new generation of biohybrid that translates fundamental biological principles into engineering design rules to create biorobots that perform like natural systems. These biorobotics and diagnostics can now perform various missions to be accomplished certain tasks in the research areas such as integrative biology and biomedicine. "Nanorobotics and Nanodiagnostics in Integrative Biology and Biomedicine" sheds light on a comprehensive overview of the multidisciplinary areas that explore nanotherapeutics and nanorobotic manipulation in biology and medicine. It provides up-to-date knowledge of the promising fields of integrative biology and biomedicine for nano-assisted biorobotics and diagnostics to detect and treat diseases that will enable new scientific discoveries. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 455 p. 142 illus., 126 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031160844
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16084-4
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-16084-4
    DDC: 620.5
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Energy Management of a DC Microgrid Composed of Photovoltaic/Fuel Cell/Battery/Supercapacitor Systems (2019)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-19
    Description: In this paper, a classic proportional–integral (PI) control strategy as an energy management strategy (EMS) and a microgrid stand-alone power system configuration are proposed to work independently out of grid. The proposed system combines photovoltaics (PVs), fuel cells (FCs), batteries, and supercapacitors (SCs). The system supplies a dump load with its demand power. The system includes DC/DC and DC/AC converters, as well as a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to maximize the harvested energy from PV array. The system advantages are represented to overcome the problem of each source when used individually and to optimize the hydrogen consumption. The classic PI control strategy is used to control the main system parameters like FC current and the state-of-charge (SOC) for the battery and SC. In order to analyze and monitor the system, it was implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation done for fuzzy logic and high frequency decoupling and state machine control strategies to validate the PI classic control strategy. The obtained results confirmed that the system works efficiently as a microgrid system. The results show that the SOC for the battery is kept between 56 and 65.4%, which is considered a proper value for such types of batteries. The DC bus voltage (VDC) is kept within the acceptable level. Moreover, the H2 fuel consumption is 12.1 gm, as the FCs are used as supported sources working with the PV. A big area for improvement is available for cost saving, which suggests the need for further research through system optimization and employing different control strategies.
    Electronic ISSN: 2313-0105
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 4
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    Zinc-Based Nanomaterials for Diagnosis and Management of Plant Diseases: Ecological Safety and Future Prospects (2020)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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    Publication Date: 2020-10-13
    Description: A facet of nanorenaissance in plant pathology hailed the research on the development and application of nanoformulations or nanoproducts for the effective management of phytopathogens deterring the growth and yield of plants and thus the overall crop productivity. Zinc nanomaterials represent a versatile class of nanoproducts and nanoenabled devices as these nanomaterials can be synthesized in quantum amounts through economically affordable processes/approaches. Further, these nanomaterials exhibit potential targeted antimicrobial properties and low to negligible phytotoxicity activities that well-qualify them to be applied directly or in a deviant manner to accomplish significant antibacterial, antimycotic, antiviral, and antitoxigenic activities against diverse phytopathogens causing plant diseases. The photo-catalytic, fluorescent, and electron generating aspects associated with zinc nanomaterials have been utilized for the development of sensor systems (optical and electrochemical biosensors), enabling quick, early, sensitive, and on-field assessment or quantification of the test phytopathogen. However, the proficient use of Zn-derived nanomaterials in the management of plant pathogenic diseases as nanopesticides and on-field sensor system demands that the associated eco- and biosafety concerns should be well discerned and effectively sorted beforehand. Current and possible utilization of zinc-based nanostructures in plant disease diagnosis and management and their safety in the agroecosystem is highlighted.
    Electronic ISSN: 2309-608X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 5
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    Silver/Chitosan Nanocomposites: Preparation and Characterization and Their Fungicidal Activity against Dairy Cattle Toxicosis Penicillium expansum (2020)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-19
    Description: This work aimed to evaluate the fungicide activity of chitosan-silver nanocomposites (Ag-Chit-NCs) against Penicillium expansum from feed samples. The physicochemical properties of nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The morphological integrity of the nanohybrid was confirmed by electron transmission. By the data of RFA (X-ray fluorescent analysis), the contents of Ag in Ag-chitosan composite were 5.9 w/w%. The size distribution of the Ag nanoparticles incorporated in the chitosan matrix was investigated by SAXS. The main part of the size heterogeneity distribution in the chitosan matrix corresponds to the portion of small particles (3–4 nm). TEM analysis revealed a spherical morphology in the form of non-agglomerated caps, and 72% of the nanoparticles measured up to 4 nm. The minimum inhibitory concentration of NCs was evaluated in petri dishes. Three different concentrations were tested for antifungal activity against the mycotoxigenic P. expansum strain. Changes in the mycelium structure of P. expansum fungi by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were observed to obtain information about the mode of action of Ag-Chit-NCs. It was shown that NC-Chit-NCs with sizes in the range from 4 to 10 nm have internalized sizes in cells, form agglomerates in the cytoplasm, and bind to cell organelles. Besides, their ability to influence protein and DNA fragmentation was examined in P. expansum. SDS-PAGE explains the apparent cellular protein response to the presence of various Ag-Chit-NCs. The intensity of P. expansum hyphal cell protein lines treated with Ag-Chit-NCs was very thin, indicating that high molecular weight proteins are largely prevented from entering the electrophoretic gel, which reflects cellular protein modification and possible damage caused by the binding of several protein fragments to Ag-Chit-NCs. The current results indicate that Ag-Chit-NCs
    Electronic ISSN: 2309-608X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 6
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    Characterization of Novel Di-, Tri-, and Tetranucleotide Microsatellite Primers Suitable for Genotyping Various Plant Pathogenic Fungi with Special Emphasis on Fusaria and Mycospherella graminicola (2012)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-06
    Print ISSN: 1661-6596
    Electronic ISSN: 1422-0067
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 7
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    Copper-Chitosan Nanocomposite Hydrogels Against Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus from Dairy Cattle Feed (2020)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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    Publication Date: 2020-07-21
    Description: The integration of copper nanoparticles as antifungal agents in polymeric matrices to produce copper polymer nanocomposites has shown excellent results in preventing the growth of a wide variety of toxigenic fungi. Copper-chitosan nanocomposite-based chitosan hydrogels (Cu-Chit/NCs hydrogel) were prepared using a metal vapor synthesis (MVS) and the resulting samples were described by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Aflatoxin-producing medium and VICAM aflatoxins tests were applied to evaluate their ability to produce aflatoxins through various strains of Aspergillus flavus associated with peanut meal and cotton seeds. Aflatoxin production capacity in four fungal media outlets revealed that 13 tested isolates were capable of producing both aflatoxin B1 and B2. Only 2 A. flavus isolates (Af11 and Af 20) fluoresced under UV light in the A. flavus and parasiticus Agar (AFPA) medium. PCR was completed using two specific primers targeting aflP and aflA genes involved in the synthetic track of aflatoxin. Nevertheless, the existence of aflP and aflA genes indicated some correlation with the development of aflatoxin. A unique DNA fragment of the expected 236 bp and 412 bp bands for aflP and aflA genes in A. flavus isolates, although non-PCR fragments have been observed in many other Aspergillus species. This study shows the antifungal activity of Cu-Chit/NCs hydrogels against aflatoxigenic strains of A. flavus. Our results reveal that the antifungal activity of nanocomposites in vitro can be effective depending on the type of fungal strain and nanocomposite concentration. SDS-PAGE and native proteins explain the apparent response of cellular proteins in the presence of Cu-Chit/NCs hydrogels. A. flavus treated with a high concentration of Cu-Chit/NCs hydrogels that can decrease or produce certain types of proteins. Cu-Chit/NCs hydrogel decreases the effect of G6DP isozyme while not affecting the activity of peroxidase isozymes in tested isolates. Additionally, microscopic measurements of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed damage to the fungal cell membranes. Cu-Chit/NCS hydrogel is an innovative nano-biopesticide produced by MVS is employed in food and feed to induce plant defense against toxigenic fungi.
    Electronic ISSN: 2309-608X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 8
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    Exploring Optimal Tillage Improved Soil Characteristics and Productivity of Wheat Irrigated with Different Water Qualities (2019)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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    Publication Date: 2019-05-08
    Description: Irrigation with low water quality can adversely affect soil characteristics, optimal moisture for tillage, and crop productivity, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. We determined the optimal moisture for tillage processing and the effects of optimal and wet tillage on physical and chemical soil characteristics and wheat productivity after irrigation with different water qualities (waste, saline, and highly saline water). We used the Atterberg limit to determine the suitable moisture content for tillage. Tillage at optimal moisture content improved soil characteristics by reducing soil salinity, sodicity, bulk density, shear strength, compaction, and increasing hydraulic conductivity compared to that of wet tillage. It also enhanced growth and productivity of wheat grown with low quality of water (i.e., fresh and waste water), resulting in higher grain yield and root weight at different growth stages than that of saline and highly saline water. In conclusion, tillage at optimal moisture content alleviates the impact of salinity through improving soil physical and chemical characteristics. Optimum tillage can be applied at 20 and 24 days from the previous irrigation in saline and highly saline soils, respectively. Irrigation with waste water resulted in a higher wheat grain yield than saline and highly saline water.
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-4395
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 9
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    Unveiling the Potential of Novel Macrophytes for the Treatment of Tannery Effluent in Vertical Flow Pilot Constructed Wetlands (2020)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-15
    Description: The phytoremediation potential of macrophytic species has made them an inevitable component of constructed wetlands (CWs) for the treatment of industrial effluents. The macrophytes must have tolerance for the harsh conditions imposed by effluents for an effective establishment of the CW system. In this context, the basic purpose of this work was to investigate the efficacy of five indigenous emergent macrophytes (Brachiaria mutica, Canna indica, Cyperus laevigatus, Leptochloa fusca, and Typha domingensis) for the remediation of tannery effluent in vertical subsurface flow CWs. The ability of each macrophytic species to tolerate pollution load and to remove pollutants from the effluent was assessed. The effect of tannery effluent on the survival and growth of macrophytes was also studied. The treated tannery effluent samples were analyzed for electrical conductivity (EC), pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), chlorides (Cl−), sulphates (SO42−), oil and grease, and Cr levels. All of the studied macrophytes significantly decreased the pollution load of tannery effluent, and the higher nutrient content of effluent stimulated their growth without any signs of negative health effects. Leptochloa fusca and T. domingensis performed better in removing pollutants and showed higher growth rates and biomass than other tested macrophytes and can be considered preferred species for use in CWs treating tannery effluent. Brachiaria mutica showed morphologically better results than C. indica and C. laevigatus.
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-4441
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 10
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    Fusarium as a Novel Fungus for the Synthesis of Nanoparticles: Mechanism and Applications (2021)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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    Publication Date: 2021-02-15
    Description: Nanotechnology is a new and developing branch that has revolutionized the world by its applications in various fields including medicine and agriculture. In nanotechnology, nanoparticles play an important role in diagnostics, drug delivery, and therapy. The synthesis of nanoparticles by fungi is a novel, cost-effective and eco-friendly approach. Among fungi, Fusarium spp. play an important role in the synthesis of nanoparticles and can be considered as a nanofactory for the fabrication of nanoparticles. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Fusarium, its mechanism and applications are discussed in this review. The synthesis of nanoparticles from Fusarium is the biogenic and green approach. Fusaria are found to be a versatile biological system with the ability to synthesize nanoparticles extracellularly. Different species of Fusaria have the potential to synthesise nanoparticles. Among these, F. oxysporum has demonstrated a high potential for the synthesis of AgNPs. It is hypothesised that NADH-dependent nitrate reductase enzyme secreted by F. oxysporum is responsible for the reduction of aqueous silver ions into AgNPs. The toxicity of nanoparticles depends upon the shape, size, surface charge, and the concentration used. The nanoparticles synthesised by different species of Fusaria can be used in medicine and agriculture.
    Electronic ISSN: 2309-608X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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