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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Microbiology. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Industrial microbiology. ; Microbiology. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Water. ; Industrial Microbiology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1: Ecology And Evolution -- Chapter 1: Trait-Based Ecology With Diatoms -- Chapter 2: The Population Genetics And Evolutionary Potential Of Diatoms -- Chapter 3: An Integrated View Of Diatom Interactions -- Chapter 4: Ancient Diatom Dna -- Part 2: Genomics -- Chapter 5: Structure And Evolution Of Diatom Nuclear Genes And Genomes -- Chapter 6: Reconstructing Dynamic Evolutionary Events In Diatom Nuclear And Organelle Genomes -- Chapter 7: Epigenetic Control Of Diatom Genomes: An Overview From In Silico Characterisation To Functional Studies -- Part 3: Cell Biology -- Chapter 8: Life-Cycle Regulation -- Chapter 9: Cellular Hallmarks And Regulation Of The Diatom Cell Cycle -- Chapter 10: Cell Biology Of Organelles -- Chapter 11: Structure And Morphogenesis Of The Frustule -- Chapter 12: Biomolecules Involved In Frustule Biogenesis And Function -- Chapter 13: Silicic Acid Uptake And Storage By Diatoms -- Chapter 14: Adhesion And Motility -- Part 4: Primary Metabolism -- Chapter 15: Photosynthetic Light Reactions In Diatoms. I. The Lipids And Light-Harvesting Complexes Of The Thylakoid Membrane -- Chapter 16: Photosynthetic Light Reactions In Diatoms. Ii. The Dynamic Regulation Of The Various Light Reactions -- Chapter 17: Carbohydrate Metabolism -- Chapter 18: Lipid Metabolism In Diatoms -- Chapter 19: Comparative And Functional Genomics Of Macronutrient Utilization In Marine Diatoms -- Chapter 20 Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Micronutrient Utilization In Marine Diatoms -- Part 5: Cell Signalling And Interactions -- Chapter 21: Sensing And Signalling In Diatom Responses To Abiotic Cues -- Chapter 22: An Ocean Of Signals: Intracellular And Extracellular Signalling -- Chapter 23: The Diatom Microbiome: New Perspectives For Diatom-Bacteria Symbioses -- Chapter 24: Diatom Viruses -- Part 6: Genetic And Metabolic Engineering -- Chapter 25: Genetic Engineering In Marine Diatoms: Current Practices And Emerging Technologies -- Chapter 26: Constraint-Based Modelling Of Diatoms Metabolism And Quantitative Biology Approaches.  .
    Abstract: Diatoms are the most species rich group of algae, and they contribute about 20% of annual global carbon fixation. They play major roles in ocean food webs and global biogeochemical cycles. They are also a target of the biotechnology industry because of their nano-patterned silica cell wall and high lipid content. Diatoms have received increasing attention as more genomes became available and because of the development of genome editing tools such as the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, which has made diatoms as genetically tractable as well-established biological model species. This book provides an overview on diatom molecular biology. It brings together international leading experts in the field to discuss the latest data and developments from genes to ecosystems. As the understanding of diatoms is currently experiencing a step change, it is critical to allow for synergistic approaches on diverse aspects of diatom biology and evolution. The books offers fundamental insights into the molecular life of diatoms; at the same time new scientific concepts are developed based on the application of the latest molecular tools and genomic information to explore the fascinating lifestyle of diatoms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIII, 808 p. 104 illus., 86 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030924997
    DDC: 579
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: Diatoms are major primary producers in polar environments where they can actively grow under extremely variable conditions. Integrative modeling using a genome-scale model (GSM) is a powerful approach to decipher the complex interactions between components of diatom metabolism and can provide insights into metabolic mechanisms underlying their evolutionary success in polar ecosystems. We developed the first GSM for a polar diatom, Fragilariopsis cylindrus, which enabled us to study its metabolic robustness using sensitivity analysis. We find that the predicted growth rate was robust to changes in all model parameters (i.e., cell biochemical composition) except the carbon uptake rate. Constraints on total cellular carbon buffer the effect of changes in the input parameters on reaction fluxes and growth rate. We also show that single reaction deletion of 20% to 32% of active (nonzero flux) reactions and single gene deletion of 44% to 55% of genes associated with active reactions affected the growth rate, as well as the production fluxes of total protein, lipid, carbohydrate, DNA, RNA, and pigments by less than 1%, which was due to the activation of compensatory reactions (e.g., analogous enzymes and alternative pathways) with more highly connected metabolites involved in the reactions that were robust to deletion. Interestingly, including highly divergent alleles unique for F. cylindrus increased its metabolic robustness to cellular perturbations even more. Overall, our results underscore the high robustness of metabolism in F. cylindrus, a feature that likely helps to maintain cell homeostasis under polar conditions.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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