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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skeletal isomerization of 1‐butene over surface modified ferrierite catalysts (1998)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 53 (1998), S. 125-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: skeletal isomerization ; surface modification ; reaction mechanism ; ferrierite ; oxalic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract H‐ferrierite was treated with oxalic acid to selectively remove external acid sites. The treatment led to the reduction of tetrahedrally coordinated aluminum ions and the increase of octahedrally coordinated aluminum species and micropore surface area. It was also found that the catalyst treated with oxalic acid is resistant to coking. Over modified H‐FER, very high selectivity to isobutene is obtained at lower conversions suggesting the skeletal isomerization of 1‐butene is occurring through a mono‐molecular reaction mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019093419730
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Constrained least-squares solutions of linear inclusions and singular control problems in Hilbert spaces (1989)
    Springer
    Applied mathematics & optimization 19 (1989), S. 225-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0606
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract LetH 1 andH 2 be Hilbert spaces and letN be an algebraic subspace ofH 1 . The least-squares problem for a linear relationL⊂H 1 ⊕H 2 restricted to an algebraic cosetS:=g+N, g ∈ H 1 , is considered. Various characterizations of a minimizer are derived in the form of inclusion relations that incorporate the constraints, and conditions under which a minimizer exists are developed. In particular, it is shown that generalized forms of the “normal equations” for constrained least-squares problems become “normal inclusions” that involve a multivalued adjoint. The setting includes large classes of constrained least-squares minimization problems and optimal control problems subject to generalized boundary conditions. An application of the abstract theory is given to a singular control problem involving ordinary differential equations with generalized boundary conditions, where the control may generate multiresponses. Characterizations of an optimal solution are developed in the form of inclusions that involve either an integrodifferential equation or a differential equation, and adjoint subspaces and/or solutions of certain linear equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01448200
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial biofilm and clogging of biliary stents (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1995), S. 152-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: biliary stents ; clogging ; bacterial biofilm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Endoscopic biliary stenting has become a standard palliative treatment for obstructive jaundice due to malignancies of the pancreas and the hepatobiliary system. Despite the high initial success rate in achieving biliary drainage, durable endoscopic stenting has been limited by the clogging of biliary stents, usually after 4–5 months, due to formation of an adherent bacterial biofilm. Various methods have been investigated for the prevention of bacterial adhesion and prolongation of stent patency. These include: 1) prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents and bile salts; 2) testing of new stent material and new designs for these biliary stents; and 3) the recent introduction of self-expandable metal stents. Each method has its own merits as well as specific problems. This article reviews the pathogenesis of biofilm formation on the biliary stents and the latest status of research in avoiding the problem of stent occlusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569819
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yeast ARS function and nuclear matrix association coincide in a short sequence from the human HPRT locus (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 212 (1988), S. 301-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Human HPRT gene ; Autonomously replicating sequence ; Extrachromosomal DNA ; Matrix association region ; Bent DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A sequence that supports extrachromosomal replication of plasmids in yeast has been identified within the first intron of the human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphori bosyltransferase (HPRT) gene. This represents the first isolation of such an autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) from an exactly known position in the human genome. This ARS shares similarities of imparted yeast phenotype and DNA sequence with other heterologus ARSs. In addition, this sequence is found to be a matrix association region (MAR) on the basis of specific binding to nuclear matrices prepared from several mammalian cell types. It also exhibits anomalous electrophoretic behavior, characteristic of bent DNA, on polyacrylamide gels. The coincidence of these properties supports the possibility that this region may play a role in DNA replication within its normal chromosomal context.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334700
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid RAPD screening of plant DNA using dot blot hybridization (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 2 (1996), S. 7-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: RAPD ; dot blot hybridization ; chromosome-specific markers ; marker-assisted selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Scoring of the results of RAPD analysis using gel electrophoresis imposes a constraint on throughput. To circumvent this barrier, dot-blot hybridization was substituted for electrophoresis. Arbitrarily amplified fragments from barley and wheat genomic DNA were labelled and used as probes for the identification of identical fragments in subsequent amplification reactions. None of the twelve fragments used as probes exhibited significant levels of croos-hybridization to other fragments amplified by the same arbitrary primer. The strength of the hybridization signal facilitates more accurate and more sensitive detection of diagnostic fragments than gel electrophoresis. In addition, the defined spatial orientation (microtitre dish format) of the ± results provide an excellent format for automated data collection. The use of dot blot hybridization to analyse PCR products well decrease the cost and time requirements of marker-assisted selection. This technique will also facilitate the rapid application of PCR-based maps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00171347
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The conversion of RFLP markers to allele specific amplicons linked to QTLs governing malting quality in barley (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 3 (1997), S. 457-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: malting quality ; allele-specific amplicons ; marker-assisted selection ; QTLs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Application of marker-assisted selection with RFLP based markers has been constrained by high cost and time requirements in situations involving a large number of plants. RFLP markers mapped on a Harrington/TR306 population have been identified elsewhere as linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) governing malting quality. The probes ABG610, ABC622, as well as probes for the Nar1, Amy1 and Nar7 were sequenced and locus specific primers developed. These locus specific primers were applied to genomic DNA from both Harrington and TR306. Sequence analysis of the resultant monomorphic fragments revealed sequence divergence for the Xabg610, Xabc622, Amy1 and Nar1 loci, but not for the Nar7 locus. Application of a set of Hor2 primers to genomic DNA from the barley lines Harrington and TR306 led to the direct amplification of codominant alleles. Allele-specific primers were designed based on the sequence divergence identified among the Xabg610, Xabc622 and Nar1 alleles. Amplification conditions were optimized for each of these alleles such that only the favourable allele from Harrington was amplified. The usefulness of these primers for selecting Harrington alleles was demonstrated by their failure to amplify the corresponding alleles from the lines, Sterling, Stella and WM872. The Amy1 allele-specific amplicon was only capable of differentiating this locus between Harrington and TR306. The conversion of these markers into PCR amplifiable, allele-specific amplicons would greatly facilitate their application to barley breeding programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009660921822
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Universal drag reduction characteristics of saline water-soluble poly(ethylene oxide) in a rotating disk apparatus (2000)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 278 (2000), S. 701-705 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Drag reduction ; Poly(ethylene oxide) ; Hydrodynamic volume ; Ocean thermal energy conversion ; Rotating disk flow ; Turbulence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  Polymer-induced turbulent drag reduction in a rotating disk apparatus was investigated using nonionic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) in a synthetic saline solution with novel application to ocean thermal energy conversion technology. A maximum total (skin friction plus form) drag reduction of 30% was obtained with 50 wppm of PEO with molecular weight 5.0 × 106. The concentration dependence of the percentage drag reduction for the PEO/saline solution system is found to fit Virk's empirical correlation, and a universal correlation for various molecular weights and Reynolds numbers is also presented. Furthermore, hydrodynamic volume fraction was introduced to correlate drag reduction efficiency with molecular parameters in this PEO/saline solution system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960000328
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graphite → diamond transition under high pressure: A kinetics approach (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 35 (2000), S. 6041-6054 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The graphite → diamond transition in the diamond stability field can be either direct or solvent-assisted. The direct transition may proceed by spreading a puckered basal plane of graphite in the direction perpendicular to it. The kinetics of such a transition may be approximated by the growth of a two-dimensional nucleus. The threshold temperature of the transition appears to depend on the degree of perfection of the original graphite. Hence, the more perfect the graphite is, the lower temperature it will transform into diamond. The solvent-assisted transition normally proceeds by rapid nucleation followed by growth of these nuclei. The kinetic model for continuous nucleation may be applied to the early stage of such transition. The activation energies for the transition can then be calculated. It is found that these activation energies seem to vary inversely with the solubility of carbon in these solvents at ambient pressure. Hence, the higher the amount of carbon a solvent dissolves at ambient pressure, the more effective it can be as a catalyst for the graphite → diamond transition under high pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026779802263
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a new forming method (pressureless powder packing forming method) and its characteristics (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 33 (1998), S. 1907-1914 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In order to form ceramics of complex shape with simple steps the new process was developed and its characteristics were investigated. The main concepts of this process were powder packing by vibration and the infiltration of binder solution into packed powder. By using this method, it is possible to fabricate homogeneous, porous and complex-shaped ceramics. © 1998 Chapman & Hall
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004317724470
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrability of certain solutions of differential equations (1976)
    Springer
    Periodica mathematica Hungarica 7 (1976), S. 233-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2829
    Keywords: Primary 34-00 ; 34A30 ; 47B25 ; Fundamental solutions ; self-adjoint operators ; resolvents ; adjoint solutions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let L=Po(d/dt)n+P1(d/dt)n−1+...+Pn denote a formally self-adjoint differential expression on an open intervalI=(a, b) (−∞≦a〈b≦∞). Here the Pk are complex valued with (n — k) continuous derivatives onI, and P0(t)≠ 0 onI. We discuss integrability of functions which are adjoint to certain fundamental solutions ofLy=λy, and a related consequence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017941
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