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  • Cell Press  (79)
  • Oxford University Press  (54)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (44)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vinculin localization and actin stress fibers differ in thyroid cells organized as monolayers or follicles (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 32 (1995), S. 318-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cytoskeleton ; cyclic AMP ; vinculin ; E-cadherin ; ZO-1 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In epithelial cells interactions between the actin cytoskeleton and cell-cell junctions regulate paracellular permeability and partcipate in morphogenesis. We have studied the relationship between supracellular morphology and actin-junction interactions using primary cultures of porcine thyroid cells grown either as three-dimensional follicles or as open monolayers. Regardless of morphology, thyroid cells assembled occluding and adhesive junctions containing ZO-1 and E-cadherin, respectively, and showed F-actin staining in apical microvilli and a perijunctional ring. In monolayers, actin stress fibers were also observed in the apical and basal poles of cells, where they terminated in the vinculin-rich zonula adherens and in cell-substrate focal adhesions, respectively. Surprisingly, we were unable to detect vinculin localization in follicular cells, which also did not form stress fibers. Immunoblotting confirmed significantly greater vinculin in triton-insoluble fractions from monolayer cells compared with follicular cells. Incubation of monolayers with 8 chloro(phenylthio)-cyclic AMP decreased the level of immunodetectable vinculin in the zonula adherens, indicating that junctional incorporation of vinculin was regulated by cyclic AMP. In monolayer cultures, cytochalasin D (1 μM) caused actin filaments to aggregate associated with retraction of cells from one another and the disruption of cell junctions. Despite morphologically similar perturbations of actin organization in follicular cultures treated with cytochalasin D, junctional staining of ZO-1 and E-cadherin was preserved and cells remained adherent to one another. We conclude that in cultured thyroid cells structural and functional associations between actin filaments and cellular junctions differ depending upon the supracellular morphology in which cells are grown. One important underlying mechanism appears to be regulation of vinculin incorporation into adhesive junctions by cyclic AMP. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970320408
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and characterization of arsine derivatives: X-ray crystal structures of As (SitBuMe2)3, As (SiMe3)2(SiPh3), Et3Ga · As(SiMe3)2(SiPh3), and As(SePh)3 (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Heteroatom Chemistry 7 (1996), S. 409-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7163
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: As(Si1BuMe2)3 (1) was prepared by the salt-elimination reaction between (Na/K)3As and 1BuMe2SiCl. Mixing LiAs(SiMe3)2 with Ph3SiCl (1:1) yielded As(SiMe3)2(SiPh3) (2) in a good crystalline yield. Reaction of 2 (1:1) with Et3Ga gave the expected Lewis acid-base adduct Et3Ga · As(SiMe3)2(SiPh3) (3). The 1:1 mole ratio reaction of In(SePh)3 with As(SiMe3)3 resulted in a ligand redistribution around the indium and arsenic centers to afford As(SePh)3 (4) in a low yield. The solid-state structures of 1-4 have been established by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Crystal data for 1, monoclinic space group P 21/c, with a = 11.112(2), b = 17.453(2), c = 14.199(2) Å, β = 114.89° for Z = 4; 2, orthorhombic space group P c21n, with a = 9.236(1), b = 16.612(2), c = 16.803(4) Å for Z = 4; 3, monoclinic space group P 21/c, with a = 16.799(1), b = 11.199(2), c = 19.413(3) Å, β = 112.22(1) for Z = 4; 4, trigonal space group R &3macr;, with a = 12.863(5), c = 18.96(1) Å for Z = 6. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of [(Me3SiCH2)2GaP(SiMe3)2]2, an example of a gallium-phosphorus dimer obtainable only through an indirect reaction pathwayDedicated to Prof. William E. McEwen on the occasion of his seventy-fifth birthday. (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Heteroatom Chemistry 9 (1998), S. 147-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7163
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dimeric gallium-phosphorus compound [(Me3Si-CH2)2GaP(SiMe3)2]2 (1) was prepared from the 1:1 mole ratio lithium-halide elimination reaction of (Me3SiCH2)2GaP(SiMe3)2Ga(CH2SiMe3)2Cl with LiP-(SiMe3)2 in benzene solution and has been characterized through multinuclear solution NMR, partial elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray analysis. Compound 1 could not be obtained from the direct reactions of (Me3SiCH2)2GaCl with P(SiMe3)3 or LiP(SiMe3)2. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 9:147-150, 1998
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A dynamic mechanical study of the curing reaction of an unsaturated polyester (1982)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 22 (1982), S. 254-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The curing process of an unsaturated polyester was followed by employing the dynamic spring analysis (DSA) technique attached to the Rheovibron viscoelastometer. The storage and loss moduli and the gel times of the resin with various concentrations of initiator (methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) were determined at several temperatures. The activation energy for the curing process studied was about 40 kJ/mol. Temperature effects on films partially cured below the ultimate glassy transition temperature (Tg) were studied similarly using the tensile mode on the Rheovibron from room temperature to 120°C. Two modulus peaks were observed upon heating and these were independent of precure conditions. The lower temperature peak was the result of continued curing and the higher temperature peak was attributed to the glassy relaxation of the cured product. The DSA technique were found to be useful for characterization of the curing process and the results showed good qualitative agreement with those obtained by tensile measurements using cast films when the shapes of the curves were compared.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760220407
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal properties of tropical wood-polymer composites (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 43 (1991), S. 2057-2065 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Wood-polymer composites (WPC) of Geronggang (GE; Cratoxylon arborescens), a light tropical hardwood, impregnated with methyl methacrylate (MMA), styrene-co-acrylonitrile (3: 2; STAN), methyl methacrylate-co-bis (2-chloroethyl) vinyl phosphonate (3 : 1; MVP) and methyl methacrylate-co-bis (chloropropyl)-2-propene phosphonate (3:1;MPP), were prepared by in situ polymerization using γ-radiation or catalyst-heat treatment. Thermal characterization of these WPC by limiting oxygen index measurements (LOI), thermogravimetry (TG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the impregnants greatly modified the wood properties. The LOI values of the GE-MVP and GE-MPP composites were much higher than that for GE and the other composites, indicating the effectiveness of the phosphonates as flame retardants. Concomitantly, the flaming characteristics also compared favorably against that for GE and the other composites. The decomposition temperature and maximum rate of weight loss determined by TG for GE-MVP and GE-MPP were substantially reduced, whereas the char yields were greatly higher. These observations again indicate that phosphonates imparted flame-retarding properties to their composites. The thermal properties of GE-MMA and GE-STAN composites were not vastly different from that of untreated GE. Flame retardancy in the phosphonate-containing composites was effected through both the condensed- and gaseous-phase mechanisms due to the presence of phosphorus and chlorine, respectively. Indication of grafting of polymer to wood was found for GE-STAN, GE-MVP, and GE-MPP composites, but not for GE-MMA. Composites prepared by γ-radiation or by the catalyst-heat treatment had similar thermal characteristics.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070431113
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FTIR characterization of tropical wood-polymer composites (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 43 (1991), S. 2083-2090 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Wood-polymer composites (WPC) of Geronggang (Cratoxylon arborescens), a light tropical hardwood, impregnated with methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl methacrylate-co-acrylonitrile (1 : 1; MAN), and styrene-co-acrylonitrile (3 : 2; STAN), were prepared by in situ polymerization using gamma radiation or the catalyst-heat treatment. The FTIR spectra of the three types of WPC, with polymer loadings ranging from 10 to 70%, were compared with that of the wood itself and the respective polymers. Characteristic peaks due to C=O vibration of MMA, C≡N stretching of acrylonitrile, and ring stretching and bending of styrene monomers, were prominent in the samples that had higher polymer loadings. For the copolymeric systems, quantitation of the FTIR spectra of these characteristic peaks enabled calculations of incorporated acrylonitrile and styrene monomers in the composites to be made. The FTIR spectra of the residues remaining, after exhaustive extraction to remove homopolymer, showed that graft copolymerization of wood components with acrylonitrile and styrene monomers was possible, but not with MMA. Composites prepared by the two methods, gamma radiation and the catalyst-heat treatment, were shown to be chemically very similar.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070431115
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic mechanical analysis of tropical wood-polymer composites (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 43 (1991), S. 1999-2004 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Wood-polymer composites (WPC) of Geronggang (GE; Cratoxylon arborescens), a light tropical hardwood, impregnated with methyl methacrylate (MMA) and styrene-co-acrylonitrile (3 : 2; STAN), were prepared by in situ polymerization using γ radiation or catalystheat treatment. The dynamic flexural storage modulus, E′, for oven-dried GE, moist GE, and GE-MMA and GE-STAN composites decreased with increasing temperature. The percentage decreases for GE with 10 and 16.5% moisture contents were 74.5 and 98.2%, respectively, which were higher than those for GE and GE composites, which ranged between 40 and 50%. The impregnated polymers were not as effective as water in acting as plasticizers, due to their nonpolar nature and much higher molecular weights. The α-transition peaks for moist GE and GE composites were more distinct and were shifted to lower temperatures than those for oven-dried GE. The values ranged between 75 and 150°C for moist GE and between 102 and 170°C for the GE composites. The α-transitions of the catalyst-heat-treated GE composites were lower than that of the radiation-induced counterparts. GE-STAN composites were also observed to have lower α-transition temperatures than those for GE-MMA for the respective treatment process, which seems to suggest that STAN interacted to a greater extent with cell wall components than did MMA.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070431106
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fiber composition of the distal accessory flexor muscle in several decapod crustaceans (1978)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 157 (1978), S. 151-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The fiber composition of the distal accessory flexor muscle (DAFM) and the branching pattern of its excitor axon were compared in several species of crabs, in the lobster and the crayfish. The muscle is composed exclusively of long sarcomere (〉 6 μm) fibers and therefore of the slow type. In all the crab species, except one, there is a distal to proximal gradient of fibers with increasing sarcomere lengths; this gradient is reverse in lobsters and crayfish. A proximal to distal gradient of increasing fiber diameters occurs in the DAFM of all crab species but not in the lobster and crayfish, in which all the fibers are approximately equal in diameter. The single excitatory axon traverses the width of the DAFM and gives off primary branches on either side in the lobster and crayfish but on only one side in crabs. The hypothesis that the axonal branching pattern may govern the regional distribution of fibers with differing sarcomere lengths in proposed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051570204
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visual demonstration of the limb-forming zone in the chick embryo lateral plate (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 213 (1992), S. 305-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The present study was undertaken to determine whether a visible Wolffian ridge, distinct from the lateral fold, can be identified in chick embryos. Ectoderm thickness was measured in stage 11-17 chick embryos. There was a general trend, from thin ectoderm in the midline, to an ectodermal thickening over the somites, intermediate mesoderm, and lateral plate. Other embryos were cut from the yolk, pinned out, and photographed. The lateral fold was then eliminated, and the embryo was rephotographed. The photographs reveal a definite opaic zone, distinct from the lateral fold, in stage 11-18 chick embryos. Furthermore, there is a direct correlation between the opacity of this cellular band and the limb-forming potential of grafted wing, flank, and leg regions (see Stephens et al., '89). At stages 11-14, the wing, flank, and leg exhibit a uniform opacity, and a uniform capacity for limb formation when grafted to a host celom. From stage 15 to stage 18, the opacity in the flank diminishes, and its limb-forming capability disappears. This study demonstrates the presence of an opaic zone, which we have called the limb-forming zone (LFZ) along the lateral side of early chick embryos, which is independent of the lateral fold, is not as extensive as the lateral plate, and is not simply associated with ectodermal thickening, but which is directly correlated with limb-forming potential in the lateral plate. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052130304
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer flow through capillaries of variable diameter (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 20 (1976), S. 1313-1320 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A polystyrene melt has been extruded through successive capillaries arranged to produce converging and diverging flow patterns through the twin orifices. Applied pressure at fixed mass flow rate through the combined dies is equal to the sum of the pressure drops in the single capillaries in both flow modes. The Bagley end correction was found to apply to each die in the sequence. Bagley plots were linear with a particular upper capillary at given apparent shear rate in the lower die. No effect of shear history could be detected on the viscous behavior of the polymer, but preshearing in converging flow produced a slight reduction in die swell.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1976.070200514
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