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  • Canadian Science Publishing  (24)
  • 1
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    LOSSES INHERENT IN IGNITION PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINING TOTAL ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS (1964)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1964-02-01
    Description: One mineral soil with known amounts of organically bound phosphorus added to it, two organic soils, and five known phosphate esters were ignited at various temperatures to study losses of phosphorus as a result of ignition.Incomplete recoveries of phosphorus were obtained from the mineral soil. For the organic soils incomplete combustion occurred at temperatures below 650 °C and volatilization at temperatures higher than 400 °C. Either complex formation or resistance to oxidation occurred in the case of RNA, phytin, and lecithin.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 2
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    FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO CROP RESPONSE ON A DEEP-PLOWED SOLONETZ SOIL (1977)
    Canadian Science Publishing
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    Publication Date: 1977-08-01
    Description: Deep plowing was evaluated in the field and simulated in a greenhouse study in an attempt to isolate soil factors responsible for yield effects on a Duagh Solonetz soil. Generally, fertilization provided a more significant yield response than deep plowing in the field or horizon mixing in the greenhouse. In the field, however, deep plowing in combination with fertilization produced an additional 542 kg/ha of alfalfa-bromegrass forage over fertilization alone [Formula: see text]. Also, in fertilized greenhouse treatments, retaining the A horizon on the surface while mixing sub-horizons proved significantly beneficial over mixing all three horizons [Formula: see text]. The main factor responsible for yield effects appeared to be the Ca enrichment of surface and B horizon areas. An increase in the Ca:Na ratio improved water intake rates and reduced water-logging of the soil, thereby providing a more suitable medium for root development and a more efficient use of indigenous and applied N.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 3
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    A COMPARISON OF HPLC ANALYSIS OF NITRATE IN SOILS WITH THE PHENOLDISULFONIC ACID AND HYDRAZINE SULFATE METHODS (1986)
    Canadian Science Publishing
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    Publication Date: 1986-02-01
    Description: Six Manitoba soils of varying physical and chemical compositions were used to determine the efficiency of nitrate analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The nitrate was extracted with distilled water and the extract was analyzed with a reverse phase column using a mobile phase of 1:1 methanol-water, pH 3.0. In five soils, the HPLC method of nitrate analysis resulted in near 100% recovery of added nitrate. An average 90.2% recovery was obtained with the hydrazine sulfate method using sodium bicarbonate, pH 8.5, as the soil extractant. Variable recoveries were obtained with the phenoldisulfonic acid method using a silver sulfate-copper sulfate extractant. Key words: HPLC, nitrate analysis, soil
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    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 4
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    EFFECT OF TILLAGE IN COMBINATION WITH CHEMICAL AMENDMENTS ON RECLAMATION OF A SOLONETZIC SOIL (1982)
    Canadian Science Publishing
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-01
    Description: The effects of different tillage methods (normal, chiselling and deep plowing) on chemical characteristics and reclamation of a Duagh, Black Solonetz, soil were evaluated separately and in combination with chemical amendments of lime and gypsum. It was found that within the tillage treatments, deep plowing was the most effective in reducing exchangeable sodium percentage, sodium adsorption ratios and alkalinity potential in most soil layers. Also, deep plowing changed the chemistry of the soil solution thereby improving plant nutrition conditions in the root zone. There was only one significant difference in exchangeable sodium percentage values within the chemical amendments under tillage treatments, namely for the Ap and Bnt horizons of the chiselling treatment where lime and gypsum lowered the ESP. This indicates that chiselling hastened the penetration of the amendments. However, the amended values were not markedly lower than the ESP for the normal tillage treatment without chemical amendments.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 5
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    DEVELOPMENT OF A BARLEY YIELD EQUATION FOR CENTRAL ALBERTA. 2. EFFECTS OF SOIL MOISTURE STRESS (1976)
    Canadian Science Publishing
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    Publication Date: 1976-08-01
    Description: An equation was derived relating barley yield to inputs of fertilizer nitrogen (NA) and phosphorus (PA), soil test values for nitrate nitrogen (NS) and extractable phosphorus (PS) and moisture stress (W). This model, fitted to pooled data of 17 site-years, explained about 57% of yield variation in an investigation conducted on Chernozemic and Luvisolic soils in central Alberta. To identify days of moisture stress, a daily soil moisture budget was calculated for each site. A moisture stress equation derived from data external to this study was used to estimate a site moisture stress index. The moisture stress equation indicated that barley yield was decreased significantly by stress occurring within three stages of crop development: planting–emergence, emergence–onset of tillering, and jointing–heading. Such an equation should be useful for estimating, at intervals from seeding to heading, what the final yield of barley is likely to be in central Alberta at the end of the season. A yield equation was derived which indicated that the marginal product with respect to PA was influenced by PS, whereas the marginal product with respect to NA was influenced by NS, PS and W. Because the optimal input of fertilizer N for barley production depends upon moisture stress for the growing crop, inputs of N could be adjusted according to stress conditions occurring during the period from seeding to the 4- or 5-leaf stage.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 6
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    ACIDIFICATION OF A LUVISOLIC SOIL CAUSED BY LOW-RATE, LONG-TERM APPLICATIONS OF FERTILIZERS AND ITS EFFECTS ON GROWTH OF ALFALFA (1977)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977-05-01
    Description: Soil samples collected from the Breton plots, which had received various treatments and had been cropped to a 5-yr rotation of cereals and forages over a 40-yr period, were analyzed to determine the effects of the treatments on soil acidity. Treatments included applications of fertilizers at low rates, infrequent applications of lime, applications of manure and applications of various combinations of these. Those receiving NS, NPS and NPKS were more acidic than the check plots and those receiving lime, lime + NPKS and P as 0–45–0 were less acidic. Plots treated with manure or manure + NPKS were not acidified. Since 1967, a brome–alfalfa mixture has been seeded and on the more acidic plots the established stand contained less than 30% alfalfa as compared to greater than 70% in the lime or P (0–45–0) treatments. Liming one half of each plot in each series in 1972 significantly increased the stand and reduced the aluminum content of alfalfa, especially in the more acidic plots. Alfalfa grown on these more acidic plots had, in general, higher Mn and Al and lower N contents than did alfalfa in the limed portions of the plots. The poor growth of alfalfa on plots receiving NS, NPS and NPKS is attributed to the acidifying effects of the fertilizers being sufficient to inhibit nitrogen fixation and induce some toxic concentrations of Al and Mn in the soil.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 7
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    DETERMINATION OF TOTAL ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS IN SOILS BY EXTRACTION METHODS (1963)
    Canadian Science Publishing
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    Publication Date: 1963-01-01
    Description: Comparisons were made between the quantities of organic phosphorus extracted from some Alberta soils by the Kaila-Virtanen method (10), an expanded Kaila-Virtanen procedure, and the Mehta et al. method (15). The modifications for the Kaila-Virtanen method were introduced as a result of the present study.One of the main difficulties encountered in the expanded procedure was the selection of organic solvents that would not interfere with the molybdophosphoric blue color reaction. The non-interfering acetone and acetone containing 0.2 M acetyl acetone gave increased extraction of organic phosphorus from the surface and B horizon samples, respectively. Hydrofluoric acid was recommended for B horizon samples.The expanded Kaila-Virtanen procedure extracted significantly more organic phosphorus (at 5 per cent level) than either of the other methods. The expanded Kaila-Virtanen method does not require more analytical time than the original. Furthermore, as a result of a larger number of extractions involved, this expanded procedure should have an advantage over the other two for studying the various forms of organic phosphorus extracted.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 8
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    SURFACE APPLICATION OF GYPSUM AND AMMONIUM NITRATE FOR AMELIORATION OF A BLACK SOLONETZ SOIL (1978)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-01
    Description: Heavy rates of gypsum surface applied alone and in combination with ammonium nitrate to a Black Solonetz under dryland conditions favorably affected the chemical properties of the Ap and Bnt horizons and increased water penetration into the Bnt. Gypsum alone was equally as effective in ameliorating the soil as the combined treatment.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 9
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    ALFALFA DISEASE IN SOME ALBERTA SOILS (1976)
    Canadian Science Publishing
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    Publication Date: 1976-05-01
    Description: Attempts were made to evaluate the potential biological factor causing poor growth (stunting) of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on some soils in Central Alberta. Paratylenchus projectus which associates with stunted alfalfa was extracted from an affected soil. Alfalfa seedlings grown in sterilized sand culture assemblies were inoculated with P. projectus alone and in combination with dilutions from sterilized and non-sterilized affected and normal soils. Other studies included the effects of various sterilized and non-sterilized soil dilutions from an affected soil on plant growth and incidence of alfalfa stunting symptoms. Results indicate that P. projectus is not the biological factor causing alfalfa stunting. Typical stunting symptoms were observed on plants receiving non-sterilized soil dilutions from an affected soil, and the consistency of development of irregular reddish-brown root lesions on stunted plant roots confirmed the presence of other biological factor(s) causing the disease. It was reasonably well established that the root rot disease was caused by a microorganism(s). Further studies regarding root lesioning, isolation and identification of the microorganisms are being carried on in this laboratory.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 10
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    ION PAIRS IN A SOLONETZIC SOIL (1983)
    Canadian Science Publishing
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-01
    Description: The kinds and concentrations of the major ion pairs were determined in saturation extracts of 141 soil samples collected from a Solonetzic soil treated with various kinds of tillage combined with surface-applied chemical amendments. The correlations between concentrations of ion pairs and EC and pH of saturation extracts were statistically tested. Sulfate ion pairs NaSO4−, MgSO40 and CaSO40 occurred in relatively high concentrations. The other ion pairs were of low concentrations. Of the total soluble Ca, ion pairs ranged from 20.8% in the Ap horizon to 50.5% in the Csk horizon and Mg was approximately the same. The comparable values for Na were 0.8% and 4.6%, respectively. Ion pairs NaSO4−, KSO4−, MgSO40 and CaSO40 were significantly correlated with EC. Only carbonate ion pairs were significantly correlated with pH. Correcting concentrations of Na, Ca and Mg for ion pairs and activities changed considerably the SAR values in the Bnt1 horizon. Key words: Ion pairs, Solonetzic soils, ion activities
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    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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