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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 75 (1982), S. 259-267 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Some birefringent renal deposits were found to give the usual histological reactions for calcium oxalate but were soluble in caustic alkalis. Comparison with known oxalate crystals using a laser microprobe mass analyser confirmed the presence of calcium oxalate. Similar crystals were found in liver tissue from a rat poisoned with ethylene glycol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 131 (1982), S. 165-169 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Sulphate assimilation ; Uptake kinetics ; Rhodella ; Metabolic inhibitors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sulphate uptake by the unicellular marine red algaRhodella maculata conforms to Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Two uptake systems have been found: a low affinity system with an apparentK m of 22 mM, and a high affinity system with an apparentK m of 63.4 μM. Transition from the low to the high affinity system can occur within 2.5 min, in response to a decrease in the ambient sulphate concentration to below 10 mM. Assimilation rates in the dark are about 20% those in the light, although enhancement by light is independent of the quanlity of light supplied above 27 μmol m-2 s-1. Use of metabolic inhibitors indicates that photophosphorylation provides the main source of energy for sulphate assimilation, through both cyclic and non-cyclic electron flow.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: photon attenuation ; nitrogen fertiliser ; automation ; spectrophotometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Extraction of chlorophyll from leaf material with dimethyl sulphoxide allowed measurement of the attenuation of photon detection from a sealed miniature14C standard to be used for total chlorophyll quantification. Comparison between the use of a spectrophotometer and a liquid scintillation counter showed chlorophyll quantification to be accurate by this latter method over a wide range of concentrations. The method does not separate chlorophyllsa andb, but allows the rapid measurement of total chlorophyll concentration, and is suitable for automation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: gypsum ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; blackleg ; bacterial soft rot
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effect of adding gypsum (CaSO4) to growing media on the resistance toErwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica (van Hall) Dye of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) stems and mother and daughter tubers was examined in field and glasshouse experiments. The decayin situ of inoculated mother tubers from field plots treated before planting with gypsum was significantly delayed compared with tubers sampled from non-amended plots. Blackleg development was also significantly delayed in the gypsum-amended plots; however, for both mother tubers and stems the increased resistance associated with the application of gypsum later disappeared. Stem resistance tended to be related to tissue calcium and magnesium concentrations which were higher in plots treated with gypsum than in untreated plots. Daughter tubers produced in plots amended with gypsum generally contained a higher concentration of calcium in their cortex and were more resistant to decay byE. carotovora subsp.atroseptica but the effect was not consistent.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 168-169 (1995), S. 313-317 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: growth ; internal cycling ; partitioning ; phosphorus ; 32P ; Sitka spruce
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The availability of phosphorus in many UK forest soils limits growth of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.). Efficient cycling of P within such systems is therefore necessary for sustained tree growth. Internal cycling of P is an important component of the overall P cycle in forests and the current work aims to quantify the impact of P nutrition on internal cycling and seasonal growth of Sitka spruce. Two-year old seedlings of Sitka spruce were grown in sand culture in the glasshouse for one year. Two treatments were imposed in which trees received either a complete nutrient solution from which P was excluded (-P) or one in which P was applied as labelled 32P (+P). Internal cycling of P was measured directly in plants which had received no P and by difference in those which received 32P. The contrasting P treatments produced an eight-fold difference in P content and a three-fold difference in tree growth between May and October. Root:shoot ratios increased during the growing season from 0.29 to 0.38 and from 0.29 to 0.52 in +P and-P treatments, respectively. In both treatments P was translocated from old shoots to support new shoot growth. P supply did not affect the amount of P remobilised but there was evidence that the rate of remobilisation may have been affected. The partition of remobilised P was affected by current P supply and differed from the partition of current P uptake. Results are compared to those from studies of growth and internal cycling of nitrogen in Sitka spruce.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: nitrogen ; precoditioning ; roots ; sycamore
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Acer pseudoplatanus L. trees were grown in sand culture for 2 years and, in 1988, supplied with either 1.0 mol N m-3 (low N) or 6.0 mol N m-3 (high N) to precondition their growth. In 1989, the same trees received either high or low nitrogen, producing four treatments; High N in 1988/High N in 1989; High N in 1988/Low N in 1989; Low N in 1988/Low N in 1989; and Low N in 1988/High N in 1989. Plant growth was affected by N supply in both years. In 1989 the Low N/High N treated trees had the same overall mass, leaf mass and stem girth as the High N/High N treatment. Early spring growth of foliage and roots was conditional on nitrogen supplied in the previous season. Later, the rapid increases in leaf, stem and root growth under high N was through root uptake. Internal partitioning of growth was affected, with the Low N/High N treatment producing more new leaves on axillary shoots, and more new white roots on existing structures, than the Low N/Low N treatment. Despite effects of the N preconditioning on the structure of both canopy and root system, nitrogen uptake was solely dependent on the current nitrogen supply.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Potatoes ; nitrogen ; foliar sprays ; urea ; 15N
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effect of the timing of N fertilizer application on the uptake and partitioning of N within the crop and the yield of tubers has been studied in two experiments. In 1985 either none, 8 or 12 g N m−2 was applied and in 1986 none, 12 or 18 g N m−2. Fertilizer N was applied either at planting, around the time of tuber initiation or half at planting and the remainder in four foliar sprays of urea during tuber bulking.15N-labelled fertilizer was applied to measure the recovery of fertilizer N in the crops. There was an apparent pre-emergence loss of nitrate from the soil when N was applied at planting in 1986, thereby reducing the efficiency of fertilizer use. Applying the N at tuber initiation delayed and reduced the accumulation of N in the canopy compared with crops receiving all their fertilizer at planting. Foliar sprays of urea slightly increased both tuber yields and tuber N contents when compared to a single application at planting. The proportion of the fertilizer N recovered in the crop was little affected by the rate of N application, but a greater proportion of foliar-applied N was recovered than N broadcast at planting, due partly to pre-emergence losses of nitrate in 1986. It is suggested that late applications of N was foliar sprays can be of benefit to crops with a long growing season and reduce environmental losses of N.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 125 (1990), S. 159-168 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: nutrient uptake ; potato ; Solanum tuberosum ; root growth ; soil type
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Potatoes were grown on two contrasting soils but in adjacent sites to investigate the effect of soil type on tuber production, nutrient uptake and nutrient inflow rates (uptake rate per unit length of root). The year of the study was wetter than normal. Tuber growth, root growth and nutrient uptake were all greater on the coarse rather than the fine-textured soil. However there was no difference in nutrient inflow rates between plants growing in the two soils. Therefore, it was concluded that the crop on the finer textured soil did not have an adequate nutrient supply, particularly of N, relative to the crop on the coarser-textured soil. The reasons for the low supply of nitrogen in the fine textured soil are not clear, but it might have been due to the smaller root system or to enhanced losses of nitrogen by denitrification caused by the combination of soil physical properties and poor drainage in a wet year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1982-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0302-8933
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-072X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1995-10-01
    Description: Seasonal relationships between N supply, tree growth, and partitioning of both N and P have been studied in young trees using 15N and 32P isotopes. Three-year-old clonal cuttings of Sitka spruce (Piceasitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) were grown for 2 years in sand irrigated with a nutrient solution containing either 1.0 mol N•m−3 (low N) or 6.0 mol N•m−3 (high N). In the first year, trees received 2-week pulses of 15N and 32P to label current nutrient uptake during either a period of rapid spring growth or shortly after bud set in summer. In the second year, trees that had been preconditioned to a low-N supply received 3-week pulses of 15N at either the low rate of application or at the high rate to simulate a single application of N fertilizer. In spring of the first year, N treatment had no effect upon tree growth. Low-N trees increased the partition of 15N uptake to roots, but the partition of 32P was not affected by N supply and was similar to the partition of 15N in the high-N treatment. At the time of the later pulse, however, growth was affected by N supply and 32P partitioning to roots increased to match the partition of 15N in the low-N treatment. During the second year, the additional 15N given to Low-N trees to simulate fertilizer application was partitioned predominantly to current shoots and roots. Results are discussed in relation to the processes of internal cycling and the partition of nutrients taken up by larger trees.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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