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  • Mean zonal wind  (1)
  • Mixed solvents  (1)
  • Springer  (2)
  • Cambridge University Press
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 118 (1987), S. 931-946 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Dielectric constants ; Ionization constants ; Mixed solvents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden die thermodynamischen Protonen-Dissoziationskonstanten (TpKa) von Benzoylaceton (HBA) und Isonitrosobenzoylaceton (HINBA)pH-metrisch in 10–50% (v/v) Dioxan-Wasser-Mischungen bei 25 und 35 ± 0.01°C bestimmt, wobei eine empirischepH-Korrektur für das gemischt-wäßrige Medium angewendet wurde. DiepKa-Werte in wäßrigem Medium (0% Dioxan) folgen aus der Extrapolation und der Methode kleinster Fehlerquadrate. SowohlHBA als auchHINBA sind sehr schwache monoprotische Säuren mitTpKa zwischen 7.0 und 10.0. DieTpKa's variieren nicht linear mit der reziproken Dielektrizitätskonstante des Mediums, ein DiagrammTpKa gegen Molenbruch Dioxan ergibt jedoch für eine konstante Temperatur eine Gerade. Die „wahre Konstante“Ka' und die Solvatationszahln des Ausdrucks (H+)(A −)/(HA)=Ka'(S) n =Ka* wurde aus den experimentellen Daten für beide Reagentien errechnet. Die thermodynamischen Parameter ΔG°, ΔH° und ΔS° wurden ebenfalls bestimmt, Temperatur- und Lösungsmitteleffekte werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract Thermodynamic proton dissociation constants,TpKa of benzoylacetone(HBA) as well as isonitrosobenzoylacetone (HINBA) have been determinedpH-metrically in 10–50% (v/v) dioxane-water mixtures at 25 and 35±0.01°C applying an empiricalpH correction for mixed aqueous media. ThepKa's in aqueous medium (at 0% dioxane) are obtained following the method of extrapolation and least-squares. BothHBA andHINBA are very weak monoprotic acids withTpKa between 7.0 and 10.0.TpKa's do not vary linearly with the reciprocal of the dielectric constant of the medium, but a plot ofTpKa vs. the mole fraction of dioxane is linear at a given temperature. The “true constant”Ka' and solvation number,n, in the expression (H+)(A −)/(HA)=Ka' (S) n =Ka* for these reagents have been evaluated by analysing the experimental data mathematically. Values of ΔG 0, ΔH 0, and ΔS 0 are also computed. Temperature and medium effects are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 115 (1977), S. 1449-1461 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Monsoon ; Mean zonal wind ; Barotropic-baroclinic instability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Barotropic-Baroclinic instability of horizontally and vertically shearing mean monsoon flow during July is investigated numerically by using a 10-layer quasi-geostrophic model. The most unstable mode has a wavelength of about 3000 km and westward phase speed of about 15 m sec−1. The most dominant energy conversion is from zonal kinetic energy to eddy kinetic energy. The structure of the most unstable mode is such that the maximum amplitude is concentrated at about 150 mb and the amplitude at the lowest layers is negligibly small. Barotropic instability of the zonal flow at 150 mb seems to be the primary excitation mechanism for the most unstable mode which is also similar to the observed westward propagating waves in the upper troposphere during the monsoon season. The results further suggest that Barotropic-Baroclinic instability of the mean monsoon flow cannot explain the occurrence of monsoon depressions which have their maximum amplitude at the lower levels and are rarely detected at 200 mb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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