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  • PANGAEA  (5)
  • Cambridge University Press  (2)
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  • 1
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    Geochemistry of sediment core Kinneret_AA3 (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Quintana Krupinski, Nadine B; Marlon, Jennifer R; Nishri, Ami; Street, Joseph H; Paytan, Adina (2013): Climatic and human controls on the late Holocene fire history of northern Israel. Quaternary Research, 80(03), 396-405, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2013.06.012
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-05
    Description: Long-term fire histories provide insight into the effects of climate, ecology and humans on fire activity; they can be generated using accumulation rates of charcoal and soot black carbon in lacustrine sediments. This study uses both charcoal and black carbon, and other paleoclimate indicators from Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee), Israel, to reconstruct late Holocene variations in biomass burning and aridity. We compare the fire history data with a regional biomass-burning reconstruction from 18 different charcoal records and with pollen, climate, and population data to decipher the relative impacts of regional climate, vegetation changes, and human activity on fire. We show a long-term decline in fire activity over the past 3070 years, from high biomass burning ~3070-1750 cal yr BP to significantly lower levels after ~1750 cal yr BP. Human modification of the landscape (e.g., forest clearing, agriculture, settlement expansion and early industry) in periods of low to moderate precipitation appears to have been the greatest cause of high biomass burning during the late Holocene in southern Levant, while wetter climate apparently reduced fire activity during periods of both low and high human activity.
    Keywords: Accumulation rate, black carbon mass; Accumulation rate, charcoal; AGE; Calcium carbonate; Carbon, organic, total; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; DEPTH, sediment/rock; GC; Gravity corer; Kinneret_AA3; Nitrogen, total; δ13C, black carbon; δ13C, carbonate; δ13C, organic carbon; δ15N; δ18O, carbonate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 640 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Microcharcoal concentration and elongation, and age model of sediment core MD96-2098 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Daniau, Anne-Laure; Sanchez Goñi, Maria Fernanda; Martinez, Philippe; Urrego, Dunia H; Bout-Roumazeilles, Viviane; Desprat, Stéphanie; Marlon, Jennifer R (2013): Orbital-scale climate forcing of grassland burning in southern Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(13), 5069-5073, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1214292110
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Although grassland and savanna occupy only a quarter of the world's vegetation, burning in these ecosystems accounts for roughly half the global carbon emissions from fire. However, the processes that govern changes in grassland burning are poorly understood, particularly on time scales beyond satellite records. We analyzed microcharcoal, sediments, and geochemistry in a high-resolution marine sediment core off Namibia to identify the processes that have controlled biomass burning in southern African grassland ecosystems under large, multimillennial-scale climate changes. Six fire cycles occurred during the past 170,000 y in southern Africa that correspond both in timing and magnitude to the precessional forcing of north-south shifts in the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Contrary to the conventional expectation that fire increases with higher temperatures and increased drought, we found that wetter and cooler climates cause increased burning in the study region, owing to a shift in rainfall amount and seasonality (and thus vegetation flammability). We also show that charcoal morphology (i.e., the particle's length-to-width ratio) can be used to reconstruct changes in fire activity as well as biome shifts over time. Our results provide essential context for understanding current and future grassland-fire dynamics and their associated carbon emissions.
    Keywords: CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; IMAGES; IMAGES II; International Marine Global Change Study; Lüderitz Transect; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD105; MD962098; MD96-2098
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Charcoal records of two sediment cores off SW Africa (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Daniau, Anne-Laure; Bartlein, Patrick J; Harrison, S P; Prentice, Iain Colin; Brewer, Simon; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Harrison-Prentice, T I; Inoue, J; Izumi, K; Marlon, Jennifer R; Mooney, Scott D; Power, Mitchell J; Stevenson, J; Tinner, Willy; Andric, M; Atanassova, J; Behling, Hermann; Black, M; Blarquez, O; Brown, K J; Carcaillet, C; Colhoun, Eric A; Colombaroli, Daniele; Davis, Basil A S; D'Costa, D; Dodson, John; Dupont, Lydie M; Eshetu, Z; Gavin, D G; Genries, A; Haberle, Simon G; Hallett, D J; Hope, Geoffrey; Horn, S P; Kassa, T G; Katamura, F; Kennedy, L M; Kershaw, A Peter; Krivonogov, S; Long, C; Magri, Donatella; Marinova, E; McKenzie, G Merna; Moreno, P I; Moss, Patrick T; Neumann, F H; Norstrom, E; Paitre, C; Rius, D; Roberts, Neil; Robinson, G S; Sasaki, N; Scott, Louis; Takahara, H; Terwilliger, V; Thevenon, Florian; Turner, R; Valsecchi, V G; Vannière, Boris; Walsh, M; Williams, N; Zhang, Yancheng (2012): Predictability of biomass burning in response to climate changes. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 26(4), https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GB004249
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: We analyze sedimentary charcoal records to show that the changes in fire regime over the past 21,000 yrs are predictable from changes in regional climates. Analyses of paleo- fire data show that fire increases monotonically with changes in temperature and peaks at intermediate moisture levels, and that temperature is quantitatively the most important driver of changes in biomass burning over the past 21,000 yrs. Given that a similar relationship between climate drivers and fire emerges from analyses of the interannual variability in biomass burning shown by remote-sensing observations of month-by-month burnt area between 1996 and 2008, our results signal a serious cause for concern in the face of continuing global warming.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    (Table S1) Chronostratigraphic age model for sediment core MD96-2098 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: Age, 14C AMS; Age, 14C calibrated; Age, dated; Age, dated material; Age, dated standard error; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Age model; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; Depth, corrected; DEPTH, sediment/rock; IMAGES; IMAGES II; Intercore correlation; International Marine Global Change Study; Isotopic event; Laboratory code/label; Lüderitz Transect; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD105; MD962098; MD96-2098; Reference/source
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 120 data points
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  • 5
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    Microcharcoal concentration and elongation from sediment core MD96-2098 off Namibia 170-30 ka (2015)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Keywords: AGE; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; Correction; Depth, corrected; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Elongation ratio; IMAGES; IMAGES II; International Marine Global Change Study; Lüderitz Transect; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD105; MD962098; MD96-2098; Microcharcoal
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 628 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    What the past can say about the present and future of fire (2020)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-15
    Description: Wildfires are an integral part of most terrestrial ecosystems. Paleofire records composed of charcoal, soot, and other combustion products deposited in lake and marine sediments, soils, and ice provide a record of the varying importance of fire over time on every continent. This study reviews paleofire research to identify lessons about the nature of fire on Earth and how its past variability is relevant to modern environmental challenges. Four lessons are identified. First, fire is highly sensitive to climate change, and specifically to temperature changes. As long as there is abundant, dry fuel, we can expect that in a warming climate, fires will continue to grow unusually large, severe, and uncontrollable in fire-prone environments. Second, a better understanding of “slow” (interannual to multidecadal) socioecological processes is essential for predicting future wildfire and carbon emissions. Third, current patterns of burning, which are very low in some areas and very high in others—are often unprecedented in the context of the Holocene. Taken together, these insights point to a fourth lesson—that current changes in wildfire dynamics provide an opportunity for paleoecologists to engage the public and help them understand the potential consequences of anthropogenic climate change.
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 7
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    Climatic and human controls on the late Holocene fire history of northern Israel (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-01
    Description: Long-term fire histories provide insight into the effects of climate, ecology and humans on fire activity; they can be generated using accumulation rates of charcoal and soot black carbon in lacustrine sediments. This study uses both charcoal and black carbon, and other paleoclimate indicators from Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee), Israel, to reconstruct late Holocene variations in biomass burning and aridity. We compare the fire history data with a regional biomass-burning reconstruction from 18 different charcoal records and with pollen, climate, and population data to decipher the relative impacts of regional climate, vegetation changes, and human activity on fire. We show a long-term decline in fire activity over the past 3070 years, from high biomass burning ~ 3070–1750 cal yr BP to significantly lower levels after ~ 1750 cal yr BP. Human modification of the landscape (e.g., forest clearing, agriculture, settlement expansion and early industry) in periods of low to moderate precipitation appears to have been the greatest cause of high biomass burning during the late Holocene in southern Levant, while wetter climate apparently reduced fire activity during periods of both low and high human activity.
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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