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  • 11
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    The carbon cycle and atmospheric carbon dioxide. Chapter 3 (2001)
    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Climate change 2001: the scientific basis. Contribution of working group I to the third assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
    Format: application/pdf
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    CITATION PIK
  • 12
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    Fundamentals of Geophysics (1997)
    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Cambridge, 368 pp., Cambridge University Press, vol. 159, no. 22, pp. 662-664, (ISBN 0-470-87000-1 (HB), ISBN 0-470-87001-X (PB))
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismology ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Gravimetry, Gravitation ; Geoelectrics ; Geomagnetics ; Earth tides ; Earth rotation
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 13
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    Renormalization Methods: A Guide for Beginners (2004)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  New York, 330 pp., Oxford Univ. Press, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 65-66, (ISBN 0-19-850694-5)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004
    Keywords: Textbook of physics ; critical ; phenomena, ; elementary ; particles, ; phase ; transitions, ; Ising
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 14
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    Sandeels in the diets of seals: application of novel and conventional methods of analysis to faeces from seals in the Moray Firth area of Scotland (1990)
    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 70 (04). pp. 829-840.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-16
    Description: Serological methods for prey identification have been applied to detection of residues ofsandeel (Ammodytidae) protein in faeces of common seals (Phoca vitulina) and grey seals(Halichoerus grypus) from the Moray Firth, north-east Scotland. Antisera raised to muscleprotein from Ammodytes marinus were evaluated by testing their reactions with proteinextracts made from a range of North Sea fish species and protein residues in in vitro digestates,seal digestive tracts and seal faeces. It was concluded that, using fused rocketimmuno-electrophoresis, linkage of precipitin peaks from unknown samples with peaksfrom standard sandeel extract was a reliable indicator of the presence of sandeel in theunknown sample. Seasonal variation in the incidence of sandeels in common seal diet in theMoray Firth was examined by identifying otoliths, bones, and proteins, and all threemethods indicated that sandeels occurred in the majority of samples tested in the summer,but were less important during the winter. Proteins were detected in fewer samples thanotoliths, particularly in February and March. Possible reasons for this difference arediscussed. Serological identification of sandeel proteins is potentially applicable to dietarystudies on all marine predators.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 15
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    The abundance of Octopus in the English Channel (1954)
    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 33 (02). pp. 515-536.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-09-09
    Description: During 1950, the Common Octopus (Octopus vulgaris Lamarck) was to be found along the south coast of England in greater numbers than at any time since Garstang (1900) reported on the ‘plague’ on the coasts of Devon and Cornwall in 1899–1900. In earlier papers (Rees, 1950, 1952) the distribution of the octopus in our northern waters was reviewed, and it was demonstrated that this species is an immigrant which breeds on our south coast only rarely. It reaches these coasts by being brought there as a planktonic larva by the water circulation in the English Channel and by migrations of the adult. The most important factor in controlling the movements of the adult, however, might be expected to be the water temperature in the English Channel—where the species is at the northern limit of its breeding range and might therefore be extremely sensitive to slight changes in temperature.
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  • 16
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    The Distribution of Octopus Vulgaris Lamarck in British Waters (1950)
    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 29 (02). pp. 361-378.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-09-10
    Description: In Britain Octopus vulgaris occurs on the Channel coast and only very rarely on other coasts. In Brittany and the Channel Islands it frequently makes its lair at low water, but on the English side of the Channel it does not come so close inshore except in abnormal years of high sea temperatures. The discovery of Octopus larvae of various sizes, from newly hatched to 6·0 mm. (mantle length), in plankton hauls taken to the north of the Channel Islands, proves that the species has a much longer planktonic life than hitherto supposed. The water circulation in the English Channel, as indicated by drift bottles, is admirably suited to the dispersal of larvae to our shores from breeding centres on the coasts of Brittany and the Channel Islands.
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  • 17
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    Ocean iron fertilization: time to lift the research taboo (2015)
    Cambridge University Press
    In:  In: Climate Change Geoengineering Philosophical Perspectives, Legal Issues. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 242-262. ISBN 9781107502635
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Introduction. Today, most countries have accepted a 2 degrees Celsius temperature increase above preindustrial levels as the maximum tolerable limit for global warming. An exceedance probability of below 20 percent for this limit implies an emission budget of less than 250 GtC from 2000 until 2049, however, extrapolating from current global CO2 emissions, this budget will only last until 2024. This sobering math should wake us up to the reality that all options, including climate engineering, need to be considered to address climate change. Climate engineering options can be classified broadly into two categories: solar radiation management and carbon dioxide removal measures. Solar radiation management schemes seek to decrease the incoming solar radiation or to increase the reflection of incoming solar radiation. These approaches can generate fast climate responses, but do not immediately address the cause of the problem. Carbon dioxide removal measures seek to decrease atmospheric carbon concentrations by enhancing or substituting natural carbon sinks. The terrestrial carbon sink can be enhanced by means of forestation; the oceanic sink may, in some regions, be enhanced by means of fertilization, for example by artificially enhanced upwelling of macronutrients or by purposeful addition of the micronutrient iron; the mineral carbon sink can be enhanced by means of chemically accelerated weathering. Some analysts have expressed doubts about the potential of mitigating climate change by sink enhancement, because of concerns about whether carbon can be stored permanently. Nevertheless, terrestrial vegetation sinks have entered the Kyoto Protocol (KP) as offsets for anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, but ocean sinks have not.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 18
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    Effects of variations in light intensity on life processes of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides Sacculifer in laboratory culture (1981)
    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom UK, 62 . pp. 435-451.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-27
    Description: The planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides sacculifer (Brady) was cultured under two different light intensities and in continuous darkness. High light intensity (HLI = 4oo-soo einsteins/m2/s) resulted in a longer lifespan, a greater number of chambers formed, and a larger final shell size compared with individuals cultured under low light intensity (LLI = 20-50 einsteins/m2/s) or in continuous darkness. Shell growth rates were unaffected by increasing light intensity, but gametogenesis was delayed. Continuous darkness induced a rapid onset of gametogenesis in organisms with shell lengths larger than 250 m. Feeding frequency had a greater effect on growth and reproduction than light intensity under conditions of LLI and HLI, but continuous darkness had an overriding effect on growth and reproduction owing to the rapid onset of gametogenesis which terminated the life of the mother cell. Our previous data indicated that the longevity of G. sacculifer was dependent on feeding frequency, and that G. sacculifer cultured under LLI had a lifespan of approximately 2-4 weeks. Present results suggest that the lifespan can vary from a minimum of 8 days for organisms fed daily in continuous darkness to a maximum of 54 days for organisms fed once every 7 days and maintained in HLI. It is concluded that individual G. sacculifer attain a shell size greater than 6oo ,urn only if they maintain their position in the euphotic zone. Prolonged existence below the euphotic zone would result in premature death or gametogenesis following stunted shell growth.
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  • 19
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    The petrology and geochemistry of Vesteris Seamount, Greenland Basin - An intraplate alkaline volcano of non-plume origin (1994)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  Journal of Petrology, 35 (2). pp. 295-328.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-05-04
    Description: Vesteris Seamount is a solitary alkaline volcano in the Greenland Basin some 280 km NW of Jan Mayen. Topographic and geophysical studies have shown no sign of an associated plume trace. Evidence from ash layers in sediment cores around the volcano and dating of dredged samples show that it has been active in Quaternary times. The lavas from Vesteris studied here consist of basanites, tephrites, mugearite, and alkali basalts. Crystal fractionation models are consistent with the generation of the tephrites and mugearite from a basanitic parent. Extensive kaersutite fractionation is required late in the fractionation sequence to produce the extreme mugearite composition. Na-Al-Fe-rich green cores to many clinopyroxene phenocrysts at Vesteris suggest a fractionation history beginning at high pressure in the mantle. Differences between Vesteris and Jan Mayen in the ratios of highly incompatible trace elements such as Ce/Pb and Rb/Cs, which will not normally be fractionated from one another during mantle melting, suggest that the two are not derived from the same source. Relatively unradiogenic Sr isotope ratios (compared with Bulk Earth), and highly incompatible trace element patterns similar to those for St. Helena, suggest that Vesteris magmas are derived from a depleted, asthenospheric source. We propose that the Vesteris basanites are very low degree partial melts (˜1%) of this source, most probably those which give rise to the seismic low-velocity zone (LVZ). Such small-degree melts may preferentially tap small-scale heterogeneities in the asthenosphere. Vesteris lies at the intersection of two major structural trends in the Greenland Basin—(1) a zone of major reorientation of spreading direction on the Mohns Ridge north of Jan Mayen and (2) the extension of the Kolbeinsey Ridge axis. We propose that a combination of the extensional stress fields related to these two lineaments produces sufficient dilation of the lithosphere at Vesteris to allow magmas from the LVZ to reach the surface.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 20
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    Climate, zooplankton and pelagic fish growth in the Central Baltic Sea (2005)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 62 . pp. 1270-1280.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Oceanographic conditions in the brackish central Baltic Sea are strongly linked to atmospheric forcing and the unusual period of persistently strong westerlies that, since the late 1980s, have resulted in an increase in average water temperatures and decreasing salinity. These changes in temperature and salinity resulted in a change in the dominance of the mesozooplankton community from Pseudocalanus sp. to Temora longicornis and Acartia spp. Similar to the copepod community, the central Baltic fish community shifted from cod ( Gadus morhua ), dominant during the 1980s, to sprat ( Sprattus sprattus ), dominant during the 1990s. Further, the commercially important pelagic fish species herring ( Clupea harengus ) and sprat exhibited reductions in growth. Using Principal Component and Correlation Analyses we investigated the temporal variability in the importance of the food supply as well as competition on condition of central Baltic pelagic fish species. Our results indicate that herring condition results from a combined effect of changes in the food environment and increased competition with sprat, while sprat condition appeared to be primarily determined by intra-specific competition.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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